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20 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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What are the main issues that go along with human ecology?
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technological change, urbanization, environmental pollution, population explosion, food and supplies, global warming, energy crisis
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What are some issues that come with urbanization?
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waste disposal (where will it go?) and access to resources
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What is population explosion and what are the issues that come with it?
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Advances in food production and in medicine are reducing mortality rates causing a large pop. growth. Where will the resources come from? what will happen to the waste produced? |
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What is the energy crisis?
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The world oil resources will eventually be depleted - what will happen with no cheap energy? what changes can be made?
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Human Ecology
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Studies how humans interact with one another and with the environment Examines how cultures respond to their env. and the effects human activities on the env. (can be at the level of individuals, communities or geographic reigons) |
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What are the 4 components of Human Ecology?
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1. Diet 2. Disease 3. Demography 4. Development |
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Diet
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Includes types of foods eaten, how its acquired, food quality, impacts of food on health, lifespan & pops.
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Disease
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Directly related to nutrition levels and pop density & is also influenced by social factors
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Demography
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The study of population structure/composition through time Relies lots on statistics/census data Gives info on fertility, birth, mortality, age and survival rates - can make predictions |
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Development
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How the env. is used to meet societies needs Links diet, disease together |
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Effect of Cultural Complexity
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Intensive agriculturalists develop social structures to control access to/distribution of resources Control is then centralized by elite Water/land use is regulated by elite/lineage |
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What are some factors that led to population growth?
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Colonial expansion, changes in birth rates, better med care, better nutrition
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What has lead to increases in food production?
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-The shift from hunter/gatherer to domesticated food sources allowed for larger food supply -Changes/improvments in tech -Worldwite plants introduced to improve food supplies -Pop growth tends to match increased agri. production |
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Colonial Development
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Occurs when external group imposes modernization & development of natural resources on an occupied area (ie. India under British)
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What are some results of changes in food preparation?
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mechanization saved time/effort but product was inferior (ie. removing husks from rice lead to B1 deficiency in SE Asia)
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Impact of International Economics
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-Mechinized agri. relies on oil for fuel, insecticides & fertilizer -in developing countries there is a correlation btwn oil cost & crop yields - hi cost = few crops -End result = long term impacts on nutrition/health |
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Agriculture and the Ganges R.
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River - fed by runoff from Himalaya (deforestation has increased this) monsoon adds to water N india must control flow - flooding in Bangledesh |
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Spatial use and urbanization
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Agriculture led to permanent settlement and need for long term crops Settlements grew larger - more people = disease transmission, more waste, more resources required |
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What are some problems in cities?
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Disease transmission, clean water, sewage disposal, garbage, uncontrolled sprawl, transportation, air pollution, crowding, housing, crime
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Describe the population cycle
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pop growth -> change in tech to meet growth -> depletes resources -> search for alternative resources -> allows pop to increase again
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