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195 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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T or F Flashcards are good for learning |
T |
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T or F Excercise helps one capacity to learn |
T
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T or F It's good to take breaks when problem solving if you're stuck |
T
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Week 01 Introduction to the focused and diffuse mode |
1. Focused |
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Week 01 Introduction to the focused and diffuse modes |
This is the mode of intently learning something. It's analogous to the mechanics and physics of a pinball machine, Imagine your head wrapped around a pinball machine a two-dimensional diagram with a pinball machine replacing your brain as you look at it from the top. |
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Week 01 Introduction to the focused and diffused modes
What is the diffuse mode? |
This is the mode of the brain when it encounters something new that one may not be familiar with. It's like the focused mode is analogous to the mechanics and physics of a pinball machine, Imagine your head wrapped around a pinball machine a two-dimensional diagram with a pinball machine replacing your brain as you look at it from the top.
In the diffuse mode the bumpers are not tightly placed; different from the focused mode, they're spread out more allowing for a bigger picture. lmagine pulling back on the pin and releasing the ball. If there were a tracer following the ball it would trace out a path. The path is similar to the way the brain processes information in the diffuse mode, It pings, not randomly, but methodically from neuron (bumper) to neuron (bumper). Describing the path of the problem you're trying to solve. |
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Week 01 Introduction to the focused and diffuse modes?
Do neuroscientists believe the focused and diffuse modes are mutually exclusive? |
yes,
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Week 01 What is learning?
The human brain only weighs _________ but it _____________ 10 times more energy by weight as compared to the rest of the body. |
3 lb, consumes
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Week 01 What is learning?
All ones _____________, hopes and fears are in the _____________ of the brain. |
thoughts, neurons |
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Week 01 What is learning?
What with thought about things like hearing, seeing, _____________ are much more complex __________ that we thought and are well beyond the capabilities of the world's fastest ___________________.
What this means is we are __________ consciously aware of how our brains work. |
reaching, problems, computers, aware |
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Week 01 What is learning?
Most of the "heavy lifting" of the brain is done below our level of _____________. |
conscious. |
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Week 01 What is learning?
We're only aware of a small fraction of all the activity of the _________________. |
brain. |
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Week 01 What is learning?
There're a ______________ _________________ synapsis in the brain. |
10^6 x 10^9 = million billion = quadrillion |
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Week 01 What is learning?
What are synapses? |
This is the area of the brain where memories are stored. |
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Week 01 What is learning?
What is synapse? |
In the nervous system, a synapse is a structure that permits a neuron (or nerve cell) to pass an electrical or chemical signal to another cell (neural or otherwise).
a single connection between neurons. |
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Week 01 What is learning?
In terms of synapses, what is the old view and new view of the brain? |
Once the brain matures, the strength of a synapse can be adjusted by learning but the connectivity of the brain can not be changed much unless there's brain damage.
But now we know that brain activity is dynamic and remains so even after it matures. |
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Week 01 What is learning?
Describe how the brain in the image on the back has changed and stands as evidence that the brain activity is dynamic, hence, the brain pattern can be change post maturity. |
The synapses are the tiny dots coming off the dendrite.
This is a photo of the brain of a live animal, looking down, a fantastic new technique. |
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Week 01 What is learning?
What is a dendrite? See diagram on back. |
Dendrites (from Greek δένδρον déndron, "tree") are the branched projections of a neuron that act to propagate the electrochemical stimulation received from other neural cells to the cell body, orsoma, of the neuron from which the dendrites project. Electrical stimulation is transmitted onto dendrites by upstream neurons (usually their axons) via synapses which are located at various points throughout the dendritic tree. Dendrites play a critical role in integrating these synaptic inputs and in determining the extent to which action potentials are produced by the neuron.[1] Long outgrowths on immune system dendritic cells are also called dendrites. These are not to be confused with dendrites on a neuron. Dendritic cells are antigen-presenting cells in the mammalian immune system.[2] Their dendrites do not process electrical signals. |
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Week 01 What is learning?
Synapses are less than a __________________ in diameter? In comparison, the human hair is 20 _____________ in diamter So, a synapse is ____________ the size of a human hair. |
micron, microns, less than 1/20th
Imagine slicing a human hair lengthwise into 20 pieces. |
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Week 01 What is learning?
What is the mathematical representation for a micron? |
It is 1/1000 of a millimeter, hence 10^-3 x 10^-3 x meter.
Another way of looking at this is imagine dividing a meter into a thousands pieces and then taking one of those thousand pieces and dividing that into a 1000 pieces.
Mathematically, it 10 ^ -6 |
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Week 01 What is learning?
The new technique for imaging a brain allows us to do it at the limits of light ______________. |
microscopy. |
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Week 01 What is learning? |
light microscope, biology, teachers
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Week 01 What is learning?
What is microscopy? |
mi·cros·co·py mīˈkräskəpē/ noun
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Week 01 What is learning?
The fact that new science allows us to image the brain with more detail illustrates what fact? T or F Shakespeare already knew this. What piece of Shakespeare's work reflect this? (Source: MIT) http://shakespeare.mit.edu/macbeth/macbeth.2.2.html |
It illustrates that the brain is dynamic after maturity and changes its pattern. As Dr. Terrence Sejnowski, UC San Diego, puts it "You are not the same person after a night's sleep or even a night. It's like you went to bed with one brain and woke up with an upgrade. This is a better deal than you can get from Microsoft."
The Tragedy of Macbeth MACBETH ( Act 2, Scene 2) Methought I heard a voice cry, 'Sleep no more! Macbeth does murder sleep'--the innocent sleep, Sleep that knits up the raveled sleeve of care, The death of each day's life, sore labour's bath, Balm of hurt minds, great nature's second course, Chief nourisher in life's feast. |
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Week 01 What is learning?
When you look at something you'd rather not do, research believes that you activate a part of the brain that is associated with _________________ the ___________ _______________. Your brain attempts to stop the _____________ ______________ by switching your attention to something ___________. Not long after you might ________________ working on the thing, you did not like the _____________ discomfort disappears. |
pain, Insular cortex.
negative stimulation, else. stop, neural |
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Week 01 What is learning?
Describe the 3 steps in procrastination.
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Week 01 What is learning?
What is pomodoro and what are the steps in the pomodoro technique? |
It's tomato in italian.
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Week 01 Practice makes permanent
Dr. Barbara Oakley's interesting bio? |
Loved animals growing up, hated math and science all the way through high school, enlisted in the army and threw a hand-grenade, started studying math at age 26 after she got out of the army, now she's a professor of engineering.
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Week 01 Practice makes permanent
Why's math and science more difficult? What is a counter to this argument? |
Scientist believe it may be the abstract nature of the ideas.
With something like a cow, one has the ability to point to it to show it's meaning. Even the word cow sounds like roughly analogous to a sound they make. But in math and science, there's nothing analogous to a plus sign or multiplication sign, division, greek letters and so on.
This argument reminds me of what I learned from Think again: How to reason and argue and the referential or descriptive view of language, that is,
The belief that what words mean is what they refer to or the sentences of what they try to describe. Contrary to this belief it only works with tangible objects.
But again, this theory is not adequate because it does not cover a lot of language like the word hello. The word hello is not an object. Another example is the word not.
Ludwig Wittgenstein (1889-1951) The great 20th century Austrian philosopher, argued meaning is use, contrary to the referential or descriptive view of language.
If one wants to understand the meaning of hello, you don't determine what object it is referring to, one asks how is it used then determine it's used to greet people.
The counter argument is what about words like love, zest, hope, but these words are related to our emotions and we can "feel" our emotions.
Bottom line, things that appeal to our senses are easier to grasp, maybe. |
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Week 01 Practice makes permanent
Dr. Oakley always says she had to go to the ends of the earth to meet her husband. A photo of him after 10 outside at the South Pole at -70 degrees with a 60 mph, which takes the temp off the charts. |
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Week 01 Practice makes permanent
The more abstract a subject, the more one must ______________ to bring it into reality. Even though the idea is ______________ , the neural thought _____________ that are created through practice are real and ____________. See diagram on back for illustration. Neurons become linked together through _____________________ use. |
practice, abstract, patterns, concrete
repeated |
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Week 01 Introduction to Memory
What are the two major memory systems we discuss in this course? |
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Week 01 Introduction to Memory
What is working memory? And what part of the brain is it connected to? Is it isolated to this area. |
Working is what you're immediately and consciously processing in your mind.
It's concentrated in the prefrontal cortex. No it's not. It works in conjunction with other parts of the brain to access long term memory. |
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Week 01 Introduction to Memory
How many chunks do researchers believe working memory can accomodate? |
It was believed that working memory could access 7 chunks of information but now researchers believe it's 4. |
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Week 01 Introduction to Memory
We tend to _______________ information into chunks so the _______________ memory appears to be _______________ than what it is. |
group, working, larger.
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Week 01 Introduction to Memory
Ones working memory is like a ________________ but it's not a ____________ good blackboard. That is why repeating a phone number is necessary. |
blackboard, very
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Week 01 Introduction to Memory
Repeating is ______________ so your metabolic __________ which are your natural dissipating processes don't suck your memories away. |
necessary, "vampires" |
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Long term memory is like a __________________. Different types of long term memory are stored in different ______________ of the brain. |
warehouse, areas |
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Week 01 Introduction to Memory
Research has shown in order to put something in long term memory it has to be ________________ a few times. |
revisited
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Week 01 Introduction to Memory
Information in long term memory can ___________ other information so you may have to think deeply to ____________ it. |
bury, recall. |
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Week 01 Introduction to Memory
Long term memory is important because it's where you store __________________ techniques of thing one is learning about. |
fundamental |
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Week 01 Introduction to Memory
When a person encounters something new, he often uses __________________ memory to handle it. |
working
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Week 01 Introduction to Memory
What is the repetition technique? |
It's a technique of learning where one repeats information over a number of days that are spaced out. |
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Week 01 Introduction to Memory
If you don't allow time for the "mortar" to dry by repeating the information you trying to learn, you won't have a solid structure like the Acropolis of Athens. The synapses you're trying to create won't be solid. Repetition builds _______________ structures by repeating them over a number of days. |
neural
The Acropolis of Athens is an ancient citadel located on a high rocky outcrop above the city of Athens and contains the remains of several ancient buildings of great architectural and historic significance, the most famous being the Parthenon. |
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Week 01 The importance of sleep in learning
Just being __________________ creates ___________ toxic poisons in the brain. Turns out when one sleeps brain cells ______________. It ________________ the stream so fluid can flow out of the brain which is the brains way of keeping itself clean and _______________. |
awake, metabolic , shrink, unblocks, healthy
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Week 01 The importance of sleep in learning
What is metabolism? |
Metabolism refers to biochemical processes that occur with any living organism - including humans - to maintain life. These biochemical processes allow us to grow, reproduce, repair damage, and respond to our environment. Most people use the term "metabolism" incorrectly for either anabolism or catabolism. |
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Week 01 The importance of sleep in learning
During sleep the brain ____________ up concepts and ____________ that you've been learning.
It _____________ less important things and ______________ parts of things you want to remember. |
tidy's, ideas
erases, strengthens |
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Week 01 The importance of sleep in learning
During sleep, the brain __________________ the things one is trying to _____________. |
rehearses, learn
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Week 01 The importance of sleep in learning
Research has shown that sleep helps in __________ to help solve difficult ____________ that one is trying to learn.
It's like the deactivation of ____________ and the prefrontal cortex helps other parts of the brain to start talking to one another. |
trying, problems |
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Week 01 The importance of sleep in learning
Dreaming about what you trying to learn ______________ your ability to learn it. |
enhances |
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Week 01 The importance of sleep in learning
What is Dr. Terrence Sejnowski famous for? |
His work in neural networks and computation neural science.
He's an investigator at Howard Hughes medical institute and a Francis Crick (Nobel Laureate, 1962, for codiscovery of DNA) professor at The Salk Institute for biological studies where he directs the computational neural biology laboratory.
Has graduated more neural scientist than any other scientist.
One of only 3 living scientists who have been elected to all three of the national academies:
Engineering Science Medicine
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Week 01 The importance of sleep in learning
What is a national academy? |
A national academy is an ORGANIZATIONAL BODY, usually operating with state financial support and approval, that co-ordinates scholarly research activities and standards for academic disciplines, most frequently in the sciences but also the humanities.
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Week 01 Interview with Dr. Terrence Sejnowski
According to Dr. Sejnowski, it's not possible to multi-task two conscious tasks without a lot of practice, and even then he calls it context switching or multi-tasking. It's switching back and forth so it's not as efficient. |
True |
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Week 01 Interview with Dr. Terrence Sejnowski
T or F We have the same neurons we were born with at death at some die.
T or F We can create new neurons even in adulthood |
True, True |
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Week 01 Interview with Dr. Terrence Sejnowski
Where are new neurons created? |
In the hippocampus. |
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Week 01 Interview with Dr. Terrence Sejnowski
What are some of the factors for creating new neurons? Dr. Sejnowski and one of his colleagues discovered these. |
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Week 01 Interview with Dr. Terrence Sejnowski
What is neuroscience? |
neu·ro·sci·ence ˈn(y)o͝orōˌsīəns/ noun
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Week 01 Interview with Dr. Terrence Sejnowski
Dr. Sejnowski believes that ____________ is essential to child development in terms of their ability to learn. He implied in his interview that this should not be one of the activities that are ___________ when cutting activities at school so focused can be placed on preparing for an assessment. |
recess, eliminated |
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What human characteristics affect our degree of creative achievement
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Acronym: OCEAN
Openness to new experience Conscientiousness Extroversion Agreeableness - Negative Correlation - Not running with the herd or not conforming is better Neuroticism (Source: Dr Robert Bilder, UCLA) |
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Week 01 Bonus
Mindmapping |
Also called clustering
(Source; Daphne Gray-Grant: publicationcoach.com)
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Week 01 Bonus
T or F You should edit while you write |
False. Turn off the screen when you write or use an app like writeordie.com |
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Week 02 What is a chunk?
What is a chunk? |
It's the mental leap that helps you unite information through meaning and helps to fit it in the context of what is being learned. |
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Week 02 What is a chunk?
What happens when we're stressed, fearful or angry |
We lose the ability to make connections in the focused mode. |
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Week 02 What is a chunk?
Chunking is similar to taking a single file and putting it into a _____ file. |
zip |
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Week 02 What is a chunk?
Neural chunks apply to sports, music, __________. |
dance |
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Week 02 What is a chunk?
Chunking helps ones brain run more ____________ because it gives one the __________ idea without having to remember all the _______________ like getting __________ in the morning. |
efficiently, main, details, dressed |
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Week 02 How to form a chunk Part 1
One concern about using worked-out examples to help you in starting to form chunks is that |
it can be all too easy to focus too much on why an individual step works and not on the connection between steps--that is, on why this particular step is the next thing you should do. |
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Week 02 How to form a chunk Part 2
What is the first step in chunking? |
Focus on the information you want to chunk. Your octopus tentacles can't work as well if some of them are off using up other parts of your brain.
The idea of chunking is creating new neural paths and connecting them with existing ones. |
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Week 02 How to form a chunk Part 2
_________________ is like the super glue that holds the underlying _________________ traces together |
Understanding, memory |
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Week 02 How to form a chunk Part 2
Can a memory trace be created without understanding? What are the downfalls of this? |
Yes, it can. However, it will not be held together if there's no understanding (glue). |
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Week 02 How to form a chunk Part 2
T or F Seeing a painting such as the Mona Lisa or hearing a song won't give you experience you need to do it. Only doing it yourself with create the neural pattern you need for mastery |
True |
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Week 02 How to form a chunk Part 2
What is the second step to chunking? |
To do it yourself.
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Week 02 How to form a chunk Part 2
What is the third step to chunking? Explain. |
Gaining context, not only seeing how but also when to use this chunk
Going beyond initial problems and seeing more broadly repeating and practicing with related and unrelated problems. This helps you to see how your newly formed chunk fits into the broader problem. |
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Week 02 How to form a chunk Part 2
What is bottom up and top down learning? |
Bottom up learning is chunking whereas top down learning is picture learning to let you see what you're learning both processes are vital to gaining mastery over material. |
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Week 02 How to form a chunk Part 2
Context is where ______ down learning and bottom _______ learning meet. |
top, up |
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Week 02 How to form a chunk Part 2
Before reading a book in it's entirety, glance at _________________ headings and ____________ which will help in gaining the _________ picture. |
section, pictures, big. |
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Week 02 How to form a chunk Part 2
How are chunks best built? |
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Week 02 How to form a chunk Part 2
Which of the following statements is true about top down and bottom up learning? There is a bottom-up chunking process where practice and repetition can help you both build and strengthen each chunk, so you can easily gain access to it when needed. There is a top-down “big picture” process that allows you to see where what you are learning fits in. Both bottom-up chunking processes and top-down "big picture" processes are vital in gaining mastery over the material. Chunking may involve your learning how to use a certain problem-solving technique. Context means learning when to use that technique instead of some other technique. |
All of them.
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Week 02 How to form a chunk Part 2
Why is learning easy if it's something you're really interested in? |
It stimulates chemical processes that make one feel good. |
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Week 02 How to form a chunk Part 2
Most of the neurons in the cortex carry ______________ about what is ____________ and what you're _______________ |
information, happening, doing. |
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Week 02 How to form a chunk Part 2
The brain has a set of diffusely projecting systems of neuromodulators that carry information not about the _____________ of an ______________ but it's __________________ and _____________ to your future. |
content, experience, importance, value |
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Week 02 How to form a chunk Part 2
What are neuromodulators? |
chemicals |
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Week 02 How to form a chunk Part 2
What do neuromodulators do? |
They affect how neurons react to each other. |
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Week 02 How to form a chunk Part 2
Name three neuromodulators |
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Week 02 How to form a chunk Part 2
What does acetylcholine do? |
They form neuralmodularity connections to the cortex that are particular important for focused learning when one is paying close attention. |
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Week 02 How to form a chunk Part 2
Acetylcholine connections project ______________ and activate circuits that control synaptic ______________ leading to new ____________ memory. |
widely, plasticity, long term |
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Week 02 How to form a chunk Part 2
Neuromodulators also have impact on the ______________ mind |
unconcious |
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Week 02 How to form a chunk Part 2
One of Profs Sejnowski's great discoveries is that our ______________ is controlled by a chemical substance called _____________
Where is it located |
motivation, dopamine
In a small set of neurons called the brain stem (shown in orange) |
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Week 02 How to form a chunk Part 2
Dopamin neurons control ______________ learning. |
reward |
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Week 02 How to form a chunk Part 2
Bansal ___________ is where the reward learning happens. Where it located? |
ganglia, It is the green area near the stem below the cortex. |
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Week 02 How to form a chunk Part 2
Dopamine is released when we receive an _______________ reward |
unexpected
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Week 02 How to form a chunk Part 2
Dopamine signals ______________ widely and have a __________________ impact on learning. |
project, powerful |
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Week 02 How to form a chunk Part 2
Dopamine is in the business of predicting ______________ award and not just the immediate award. |
future |
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Week 02 How to form a chunk Part 2
__________________ drugs artificially create dopamine activity and _____________ the brain into thinking something good just happened. Actually, the opposite happens and leads to ______________ and dependence, hijacking one's free will and ____________ actions that are harmful. |
Addictive, trick, craving, motivate |
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Week 02 How to form a chunk Part 2
Loss of dopamine neurons leads to lack of _____________ and something called ___________________ |
motivation, anhedonia |
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Week 02 How to form a chunk Part 2
What is anhedonia? |
inability to feel pleasure |
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Week 02 How to form a chunk Part 2
What is Resting Tremor? |
slowness, rigidity and it is called Parkinson's disease and results from an extreme loss of dopamine. |
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Week 02 How to form a chunk Part 2
What is catatonia? |
It is a lack of movement that results from progression of Parkinson's disease. |
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Week 02 How to form a chunk Part 2
Dopamine is a part of the ________________ system of the brain. |
unconscious |
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Week 02 How to form a chunk Part 2
Seratonin strongly affects one's __________ life. |
social |
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Week 02 How to form a chunk Part 2
In monkey troops, the ___________ male has the highest level of _____________ activity and the lowest male has the ______________ levels |
alpha, serotonin |
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Week 02 How to form a chunk Part 2
What does Prozac do? |
Raises the level of serotonin activity. |
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Week 02 How to form a chunk Part 2
The level of serotonin is also closely related to _______ taking behavior. |
risk |
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Week 02 How to form a chunk Part 2
Inmates in jail for violent crime have some of the ___________________ levels of serotonin activity in society |
lowest
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Week 02 How to form a chunk Part 2
T or F Emotions affect learning.
T or F Emotions were once thought to be separate from cognition. |
T, T |
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Week 02 How to form a chunk Part 2
Recent research shows emotions are intertwined with _____________ and ______________ and interact with _________________ and _______________. |
perception, attention, learning, memory |
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Week 02 How to form a chunk Part 2
The ____________ is where emotion and cognition are _______________.
Where is it located and how big is it? |
medulla, integrated. It is located a the base of the brain and is about the size of an almond. |
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Week 02 How to form a chunk Part 2
The medulla is a part of the ______________ system and along with the hippocampus is involved in processing ____________ and __________ _______________ as well as regulating ____________ reactions. |
limbic, memory, decision making, emotional |
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Week 02 How to form a chunk Part 2
Keep the ____________ happy to be an effective learner. |
medulla |
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Week 02 How to form a chunk Part 2
The emotions and _____________ systems are slower than perception and action but are _______ less important for successful learning. |
neuromodular, no |
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Week 02 Overlearning, choking, einstellung, and interleaving
Overlearning can be vital for ___________ speaking but can be a _____________ of time in done in a single session. |
public, waste |
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Week 02 Overlearning, choking, einstellung, and interleaving
What is Einstellung? What does Einstellung mean? |
Being stuck on an idea that keeps you stuck or blocked from coming up with different ideas. Think of this as being stuck in a rut. Can be a real problem in sports and science.
It means installation. |
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Week 02 Overlearning, choking, einstellung, and interleaving
What is interleaving? |
A method of jumping around or back and forth between different techniques to accelerate the learning process. |
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Week 02 Overlearning, choking, einstellung, and interleaving
What does "Science progresses one funeral at a time" mean"? |
It means that as the older more set in their ways scientist die off, the new ones are able to move it forward.
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Week 02 Overlearning, choking, einstellung, and interleaving
What is the Law of Serendipity? |
Lady Luck favors the one who tries. |
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Week 02 Overlearning, choking, einstellung, and interleaving
"_________" is the idea that a chunk you’ve mastered in one area can often help you much more easily learn chunks of information in different areas that can share surprising commonalities. |
Transfer
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Week 02 Overlearning, choking, einstellung, and interleaving
Chunk are pieces of information, neuroscientific speaking, that are bound together through use and __________________ |
meaning. |
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Week 03 Talking Procrastination
T or F. Not all procrastination is bad. |
T |
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Week 03 Tackling Procrastination
We ___________ about things that make us feel uncomfortable. |
procrastinate |
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Week 03 Zombie's Everywhere
Procrastination sometimes causes us to think ___________ such as having a thought like organic chemistry requires spatial reasoning, your weakness, so of course you're doing poorly at it. |
irrational
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With arsenic you can build up ___________ to its effects. This is similar to how procrastinators work in building up a tolerance to doing what needs to be done.
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immunity
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Week 03 Zombie's Everywhere
A habit saves ____________, and can be good or ________. |
energy, bad |
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Week 03 Zombie's Everywhere
What are the 4 parts of a habit? |
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Week 03 Surf's up: Process vs Product
Non-procrastinators put their _________ thinking, like quit wasting time, aside. |
negative |
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Week 03 Surf's up: Process vs Product
Focusing on process not _____________ is more important. |
product
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Week 03 Surf's up: Process vs Product
What is process? |
Process means the flow of time and the habits and actions associated with that flow of time |
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Week 03 Surf's up: Process vs Product
Product is an ____________. |
outcome |
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Week 03 Surf's up: Process vs Product
What are processes? |
Processes relate to simple habits, processes that allow you to do the unpleasant tasks that need to be one. |
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Week 03 Surf's up: Process vs Product
The __________ is the thing that triggers the pain that causes one to procrastinate. |
product |
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Week 03 Surf's up: Process vs Product
The zombie habitual part of your brain like _____________ because it can march mindlessly along |
processes |
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Week 03 Harnessing your zombies to help you
You want to __________ your bad habits and create new ones. The key to this is to react differently to a __________. |
overwrite, cue |
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Week 03 Surf's up: Process vs Product
Because procrastination is an _______________ habit you don't know when you've started to procrastinate. |
automatic |
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Week 03 Surf's up: Process vs Product
Habits are powerful because they create neurological ______________. |
cravings. |
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Week 03 Juggling Life and Learning
Once a week, briefly list key _______________. |
tasks. |
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Week 03 Juggling Life and Learning
Write daily task list. It helps one to ___________ with the tasks list, to help free working memory for ____________ solving. |
grapple, problem |
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Week 03 Juggling Life and Learning
What is the law of serendipity? |
Lady Luck favors the one who tries. |
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Week 03 Juggling Life and Learning
T or F Write your list for the next day before you go to bed? Why? |
Yes, it allows your mind to grapple with it to determine how and when to get things done, and frees up the mind (the 4 working memory slots ) for problem-solving. |
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Week 03 Juggling Life and Learning
Planning ones ___________ time is just as important as planning your working time. |
quitting.
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Week 03 Juggling Life and Learning
Eat your frogs ____________ everyday. |
first |
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Week 03 Diving deeper into memory
We have outstanding ___________ and spatial memory systems.
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visual |
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Week 03 Diving deeper into memory
Images connect to right brain visual spatial images which can be exploited to take advantage of recalling difficult concepts like using a flying mule to remember Newton's second law. f = ma.
What would these letters stand for? |
f - flying m - mule a - ass |
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Week 03 Diving deeper into memory
The funnier and more provocative visual images that are used to remember concepts the __________ |
better.
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Week 03 Diving deeper into memory
You can greatly _____________ your ability to remember if you tap into the "super-size" visual and spatial abilities. |
enhance |
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Week 03 Diving deeper into memory
To begin tapping into your visual memory ______________ try to create a visual image like the "flying mule" for Newton's Second Law. |
ability |
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Week 03 Diving deeper into memory
Part of the reason images are so important to memory is images connect ___________ to your right brain visual spatial centers.
The image helps you _____________________ the seemingly humdrum and hard to remember concept by tapping into visual areas with enhanced memory abilities.
The more neural ________ you can use by evoking the senses the easier it will be for you to recall the concept and what it means beyond seeing the mule you can feel the mule, smell the mule, hear the wind rushing past the mule. |
DIRECTLY, encapsulate, "hooks" |
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Week 03 Diving deeper into memory
The tiny metabolic ________________ can suck away the neural pattern related to a memory before it can strengthen and solidify. Repetition can help that memorable event get lodged into ______________ term memory |
"vampires", long
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Week 03 Diving deeper into memory
HANDWRITING appears to more deeply _________; that helps you convert into neural structures what you trying to learn. |
HANDWRITING, encode
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Week 03 Diving deeper into memory
Sleep is when your mind repeats ____________ and _________ together ________________. |
patterns, pieces, solutions |
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Week 03 Diving deeper into memory
What is interleaving? |
Mixing your learning around, like randomly studying index cards or recalling information. This helps to cement the information. |
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Week 03 Diving deeper into memory
T or F To help lock in information that one has learned, gradually space the repeating the material out as this helps to put the information in long term memory. |
T |
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Week 03 What is long term memory?
Who is H.M.? |
An actual case of a patient who could not learn things like people one meets or things one is told.
At age 27, H.M. had an operation for epilepsy that took out his hippocampus on both sides of the brain. The surgery was successful but it was a costly operation as he became profoundly amnesic. Curiously, you could have a conversation with H.M. but if you left the room he could not remember you or what you'd talked about. In the film momento, the character played by Guy Pierce had this form of amnesia from a concussion. Leonard Shelby, the character ( based on Johnathan Nolan's, the director's (Christopher Nolan) brother's story, would tatoo his body so he wouldn't forget what he had to do. |
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Week 03 What is long term memory?
Describe the hippocampus |
It has the shape of a seahorse and is named from the greek word hippos, meaning horse, and campos, meaning sea monster.
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Week 03 What is long term memory?
Without the hippocampus it is not possible to store new _____________ in the cortex, a process called ____________ ________________. |
long term memories, memory consolidations |
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Week 03 What is long term memory?
HM's situation described before is similar to having a concussion which ___________ over time but HM's situation did not. |
improves |
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Week 03 What is long term memory?
Memories are not fixed but living, ______________ parts of your brain that are changing all of the time. Whenever, one recalls a memory it __________, a process called ______________. |
breathing, changes, reconsolidation
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Week 03 What is long term memory?
It is possible to implant false _______________ which are indistinguishable from real memories, just from envisioning and imagining, especially in children who have vivid _________________. |
memories, imaginations |
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Week 03 What is long term memory?
Describe the reconsolidation process. |
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Week 03 What is long term memory?
In addition to neurons, the brain has supporting cells called __________ cells. The __________ are the most abundant glial cell in the human brain. |
glial, astrocytes |
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Week 03 What is long term memory?
Astrocytes provide ________________ to neurons, __________ extra cellular (outside the brain) ion balance, and are involved with ___________ following injury. |
nutrients, maintain, repair. |
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Week 03 What is long term memory?
Describe the attached diagram. |
It is an image of the cortex showing neurons and astrocytes. Neurons are blue. Astrocytes are green. |
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Week 03 What is long term memory?
Interesting enough, when astrocytes were put in mice brains, the humanized mice learned ________________ |
faster |
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Week 03 What is long term memory?
When Einstein's brain was studied, the difference that could be found was that he was found to have many more ______________ than the average human.
It makes scientist wonder, could astrocytes be the key to human learning? |
astrocytes, maybe. |
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Week 03 Creating meaningful groups the memory palace technique
It is much easier to remember numbers by associating them with _______________ events. |
memorable |
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Week 03 Creating meaningful groups the memory palace technique
T or F Turning mnemonics into images such as GRHM for what it takes to ward off vampires garlic, rose, hawthorn or mustard into an image of a GRaHaM cracker helps to remember it. |
T |
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Week 03 Creating meaningful groups the memory palace technique
What is Old People From Texas Eat Spiders? |
It a mnemonic to remember the 6 cranial bones that make up the skull. Mnemonics are good for remembering things. |
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Week 03 Creating meaningful groups the memory palace technique
T or F If you're trying to remember something see if someone has come up with something such as a memory device such as a mnemonic to remember it by. |
T
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Week 03 Creating meaningful groups the memory palace technique
What is the memory palace technique? |
It is a particularly powerful way of grouping things you want to remember, kind of like the layout of your house where you deposit the things you want to remember.
All you have to do is recall the house, the path to school, or the school. And voila, this becomes the PALACE that you'll use to create a visual notepad. |
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Week 03 Creating meaningful groups the memory palace technique
Give an example of using the memory palace technique? |
If you're heading to the grocery store to go shopping you might imagine a huge carton of milk at the door, a loaf of bread on the sofa, and a cracked egg dripping off over the coffee table.
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Week 03 Creating meaningful groups the memory palace technique
Research has shown that 95% of 40 or 50 item list can be remembered using the memory _____________ technique. |
memory
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Week 03 Creating meaningful groups the memory palace technique
In using the mind with the memory palace technique, memorization can become an outstanding exercise in creativity that simultaneously builds neural ______________ for even more _____________ |
, "hooks", creativity |
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Week 03 Creating meaningful groups the memory palace technique
Purists might argue that using memory palace "oddball tricks" is not ____________ learning. But research has shown that students who use such "tricks" _____________ those who do not. |
real, outperform |
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Week 03 Creating meaningful groups the memory palace technique
Memory tricks allow people to ______________ their working memory with easy access to long term memory. |
expand |
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Week 03 Creating meaningful groups the memory palace technique
The more you practice the "tricks" or memory ___________, the more easier it'll be to remember. |
muscle |
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Week 04 How to Become a Better Learner
What is the best way of learning? |
Exercise |
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Week 04 How to Become a Better Learner
Practice can ______________ as well as train the brain. |
repair |
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Week 04 How to Become a Better Learner
Prefrontal is where ___________ __________________ develop and is the last thing to mature. |
social behaviors |
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Week 04 Renaissance learning and unlocking your potential
Your mind can through as your brain steps backward and things become confusing.
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reconstuction |
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Week 04 Create a lively visual metaphor or analogy
T or F. The more visual a metaphor the better. |
T |
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Week 04 Create a lively visual metaphor or analogy
In science, all models are metaphors which mean they __________ down at some point. |
break |
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Week 04 No need for genius envy
A superb working memory can hold its thought so tightly, a new thought can not make its way _____________`
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through. |
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Week 04 No need for genius envy
What is the impostor syndrome? |
the syndrome that some day you'll be found out, like not being smart. |
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Week 04 Change your thoughts, change your life
We can change significant things in our brains by changing the way we ________________. |
think |
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Week 04 Change your thoughts, change your life
What is a path in the grounds of Down House? |
It was a path that Darwin regularly walked along for exercise of body and mind. He called it his "Thinking Path".
Darwin, thought to be brilliant because of his "Theory of evolution", washed out of medical school and to his father's horror went on a trip around the world as a ship's naturalist. It was the voyage of the Beagle, 1831-1836. |
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Week 04 The value of teamwork
What is a primary function of the right brain? |
The right hemisphere of the brain acts like the checks and balances of whether or not what we conclude makes sense.
It helps us put our research into big picture perspective.
Vilayanur S. Ranachandran says it acts like the devil's |
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Week 04 The value of teamwork
People with are an example of people who do not use their full cognitive ability. When one does go back to revisit with the big picture, you're acting like a person who's to you use a part of your brain. |
strokes , refusing |
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Week 04 The value of teamwork
The left hemisphere interprets the world for us and will use the focus mode to keep those interpretations unchanging.
The left centered, focused mode has associated with it a desire to cling to what you've done. There's a tendency for dogmatism, _____________, and rigidity.
Nobel prize winner, Richard _________ said, "You must fool yourself, and you are the easiest person to _________: |
egocentricity, Feynman, fool |
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Week 04 The value of teamwork
Your focused mode can skip errors, especially if you're the one who committed the e_________. |
error |
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Week 04 A test checklist
One hour studying versus one hour taking a test, the _____________ will have far more value in terms of learning the material.
Taking a test has a _____________ way of focusing the mind. |
test, wonderful |
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Week 04 A test checklist
A checklist for test taking was developed by legendary educator Richard _______________.
The checklist was original developed for ____________.
What is the checklist?
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Felder, engineers
Did you make a serious effort to understand the text?
Did you work on homework problems with classmates?
Did you attempt to outline every homework solution before working with classmates?
Did you participate actively in homework group discussions?
Did you consult with the instructor or teacher assistant when experiencing difficulty with something?
Did you ask in class for explanations of homework problem solutions that weren't clear to you?
Did you have a study guide?
Did you attempt to outline lots of problem solutions quickly?
Did you go over the study guide and problems with classmates and quiz one another?
Did you attend the review session?
Did you get a reasonable night's sleep before the test? |
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Week 04 The Hard-start - jump to easy
Start the hard problems but __________ jump to the easy ones.
This helps the ___________ mode to begin its work.
T or F This is why a solution to pop to mind after walking out of the test |
quickly, diffuse, T |
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Week 04 Final helpful hints for tests
Deep breathing helps to __________________ the flight or fight feeling one may feel during test taking. |
avoid |
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Week 04 Final helpful hints for tests
_____________ the answers and try to recall all the information on a topic before looking at them for multiple choice questions. |
Cover
(Source: Susan Sashna Hebert, Professor of Psychology, Lakehead College) |
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Week 04 Dr. Robert Gamache
Who is he? What does he recommend? |
A dyslexic award winning bilingual scientist, and he believes students should study every subject every day. |
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Cognitive |
of or relating to cognition |
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Cognition |
The mental action or process of acquiring knowledge AND understanding through thought, experience, and the senses. |
