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45 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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A sentence that keeps offenders out of prison; less costly. |
Diversion Program |
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A discharge from custody to the community under terms and conditions. This allows offenders to serve part of their sentence in the community, while under supervision. |
Conditional Release |
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A document that the probation officer prepares. This document reports about the offender’s situation. The report includes: •Interviews with the offender •Anyone familiar with the person’s history •Future conduct •Any other individuals acting as a character reference. |
Pre-Sentence Report |
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A statement made by the victim that describes the effect of the offence on his or her life. |
Victim Impact Sentence |
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A criminal who repeatedly behaves in a way that could cause serious harm to others and who would likely reoffend. |
Long-Term Offender |
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A minimum punishment imposed by law. |
Mandatory Minimum Sentence |
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What are the objectives of sentencing? |
•Denounce unlawful conduct •Deter the offender and others from committing offences •Separate offenders from society •Assist in rehabilitating offenders •Promote a sense of responsibility in offenders •Provide reparations for harm done to victims or to the community. |
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Discourages the specific criminal from reoffending. |
Specific Deterrence |
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Discourages people in society from committing a particular crime. |
General deterrence. |
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Imprisonment/confinement. |
Incarceration |
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To help and offender successfully reintegrate back into society. |
Rehabilitate |
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The act of recommitting crimes. |
Recidivism |
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Repayment for harm done to victims and the community. |
Reparations |
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Factors that demonstrate that the punishment should be less severe. |
Mitigating Circumstances |
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Factors that demonstrate that the punishment should be more severe. |
Aggravating Circumstances |
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- A release with no conditions - Criminal record erased after a year. - Granted for minor or first time offences. -No minimum sentences |
Absolute Discharge |
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- A release with terms - Criminal record is erased if conditions are followed. - If terms of release are violated, the discharge is revoked and a more severe sentence is imposed. - May be granted for minor or first-time offences, that do not carry a minimum sentence. |
Conditional Discharge |
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- The offender lives in the community with a probation officer - Failure to comply may result in a new sentence being imposed. |
Probation |
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- Imposed but is not carried out as long as the offender complied with the judge’s conditions. - Can only be used for crimes that do not have a minimum sentence/punishment. - Usually minor crimes/first time offences - Retains criminal record and is usually placed on probation |
Suspended Sentence |
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- Prison sentence less than 90 days - Offender can serve the time on weekends and at night. - When morning prison, the offender must comply with a probation officer |
Intermittent Sentence |
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- A prison sentence of less than two years may be served in the community rather than in prison. - Offender must comply with strict terms - failure to do so will result in imprisonment - Can only be used with no minimum sentence |
Conditional Sentence |
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- Supervises the movements of offenders living in community rather than going in prison. - There are geographic boundaries |
Electric Monitoring |
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- requires the offender to compensate the victim/society either financially, or by community service orders. - Fines may also be imposed |
Restitution |
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- Imprisonment for a set period of time - Offenders may be eligible for parole. |
Incarceration |
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A court order requiring the person to keep the peace. |
Peace Bond |
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Something given to make amends for loss. |
Compensation |
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Doing community work instead of paying fine. |
Fine Option Program |
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A penalty for two or more offences served at the same time |
Concurrent Sentence |
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A penalty for two or more offences served one after the other |
Consecutive Sentence |
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An approach to crime that emphasizes forgiveness & community involvement. |
Restorative Justice |
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A government official appointed to hear and investigate complaints made against the government. |
Ombudsman |
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An act that gives the victim the right to know the offence for which the offender was convicted. |
Corrections and Conditional Release Act |
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The party who requests an appeal in a higher court. |
Appellant |
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In an appeal, the party who opposes the action sought by the appellant. |
Respondent |
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The government agencies responsible for offenders. |
Correctional services |
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The most secure form of detention in a prison, which is under constant guard. |
Closed Study |
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Detention that is supervised and allows some supervised access to the community |
Open Study |
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The temporary release from custody of an offender under specific conditions. |
Day Parole |
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An inmate’s release from an institution as required by law. |
Statutory Release |
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An offender’s complete release from custody into the community under specific conditions and supervision. |
Full Parole |
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Reconsideration of parole eligibility for an offender sentenced to at least 15 years in prison. |
Faint hope clause |
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A parole board review of an offenders eligibility after one-third of the sentence is served. |
Accelerated Review |
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The right to revoke a fine or prison sentence or issue a pardon |
Royal prerogative of mercy |
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Guarantees the honesty of a person who handles money or other valuables. |
Bonding Insurance |
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The rule of looking at all the circumstances to ensure that a fair sentence is given. |
Principles of totality |
