Lare Section 2

Front 1

Abatement

Back 1

Elimination of a problem, nuisance, or disturbance which concerns public health or safety

Front 2

Arterial Street (two characteristics, for traffic moving...)

Back 2

- Two or more moving lanes, Traffic signals

- For traffic moving through an area

Front 3

Major Arterial

Back 3

For inter city and intra-city movement

Front 4

Minor Arterial

Back 4

For movement between neighborhoods and other areas of the city (intra-city)

Front 5

Collector Road

Back 5

- Connect res. and local streets

- Connect to arterials

Front 6

Local/Residential Street

Back 6

Provides access to residences and commercial within an neighborhood

Front 7

Area of Critical Concern

Back 7

Is a conservation ecology program in the Western United States, managed by the Bureau of Land Management (BLM)

Front 8

Building Codes

Back 8

- local regs to control design, construction, and materials

- Based on safety and health standards

Front 9

Building/Construction Permit

Back 9

- Authorization by local gov't for construction according to approved plans.

Front 10

Building intensity standards

Back 10

- Dictate bulk and concentration of physical development

- Example: Lot Coverage, Floor Area Ratio, Open Space Ratio, Height, Landscape Volume Ratio, Building Volume Ratio

Front 11

Capital Improvements

Back 11

The addition of a permanent structural change or the restoration of some aspect of a property that will either enhance the property's overall value, increase its useful life or adapt it to new uses.

Front 12

Chicane

Back 12

A serpentine curve in a road, added by design rather than dictated by geography.

Front 13

Cluster Development

Back 13

- Clustering development in certain areas to leave other areas undeveloped

- A component of PUD

- Code may allow smaller lots to accommodate cluster development

Front 14

Comp Plan

Back 14

- Long term vision for growth/development

- Topics: Land Use, Economy, Community Character, Natural Resources, Parks and Rec, Transportation, Housing, Historic Preservation

Front 15

Covenant

Back 15

- Written

- 2 or more parties

- regarding performance or non-performance of specified acts regarding property. Usually found in deeds, mortgages, and contracts for deed

Front 16

Contract for Deed

Back 16

- Seller is the financier for the purchaser instead of the bank. Purchaser makes payments to the seller directly.

- Alternative to a mortgage loan

Front 17

Deed

Back 17

- Transfers ownership of real estate

- Names of both parties, legal description of property, and signed by both parties

Front 18

Deed of Trust

Back 18

- Conveys title of real estate to 3rd party

- 3rd party holds title until debit has been paid in full

Front 19

Quit Claim Deed

Back 19

- Transfers interest in a property from a grantor to a grantee

Front 20

Demography

Back 20

- Stats study of human pop. including: size, growth, density, distribution, also, temporal change due to birth, death, migration, ageing

- Used by L.A.s for planning

Front 21

EIR

Back 21

- Environmental Impact Report (Also called environmental impact statement)

- Written record of an EIA exercise submitted to the deciding authority. It identifies and examines the likely environmental effects of the continuing operations of an existing facility or those of a proposed project, and proposes measures to avoid, mitigate, or offset them. An EIS is only a part of EIA process and not its definitive product.

Front 22

Easement

Back 22

a right to cross or otherwise use someone else's land for a specified purpose.

Front 23

Temporary Easement

Back 23

For specific use or purpose within a time-frame

Front 24

Permanent Easement

Back 24

For specific purpose but period is indefinite

Front 25

Scenic Easement

Back 25

Protects vista

Front 26

Land Class

Back 26

- Required by law to the 1/16th section

- 9 Classes Are:

1. Forest

2. Ag

3. Industrial

4. Commercial

5. Res.

6. Farm Res

7. Recreational

8. Catfish Farming

9. Other

Front 27

Land-Use Plan

Back 27

- A public process to gather information on current land use anddemographics

- To look at future population trends for growth and identification ofpotential problems

- To decide on a vision for future development and growth

- To come up with strategies to achieve those goals and objectives

Front 28

Zoning Code

Back 28

- Text and maps codifying the land use elements and districts of the masterplan

- Legal mechanism

Front 29

Line of Sight

Back 29

3 degrees up and down from viewers eye height

Front 30

No Action/No-build policy (do nothing alternative, null alternative)

Back 30

A planning option of leaving a site as is. Existing facilities, utilities, etc. are maintained

Front 31

OSR

Back 31

Open Space Ratio: Ratio of open space to built area required for a site

Front 32

Ordinance

Back 32

Legislation. Must not conflict with higher form of law to be maximally effective

Front 33

PUD

Back 33

- Planned Unit Development

- Common property and improvements owned and maintained by owners association

- Zoning is not basis for classifying a project as PUD

Front 34

Police Powers

Back 34

right of gov't to enforce laws - includes zoning

Front 35

Regional Land Use

Back 35

- Determines how an area is being used and how that may project into future

- Not as specific as plant and animal counts

Front 36

Title Search or Examination

Back 36

A check to ensure buyer is purchasing from legal owner

Front 37

Department of the interior

Back 37

The Department of the Interior:

1. Protects and manages the Nation's natural resources and cultural heritage

2. provides scientific and other information about those resources

3. and honors its trust responsibilities or special commitments to American Indians, Alaska Natives, and affiliated island communities.

Front 38

EPA

Back 38

Environmental Protection Agency

Front 39

Clean Water Act (Federal)

Back 39

- A 1977 Amendment to the Federal Water Pollution Act (1972)

- Transferred responsibility of Federal Clean Water programs to individual states

Front 40

NPDES (Federal)

Back 40

National Pollution Discharge Elimination System

Front 41

Endangered Species Act (Federal)

Back 41

Protection and recovery of endangered species

Front 42

National Environmental Policy Act (Federal)

Back 42

Enacted to ensure the integration of natural and social sciences and environmental design in planning and decision-making for federal projects or projects on federal lands

Front 43

4 Types of Wetlands

Back 43

1. Marshes

2. Swamps

3. Bogs

4. Fens

Front 44

Marsh

Back 44

- Continually flooded

- Neutral PH, lots of nutrients

- plants are herbaceous emergent, Cattails

- Water from surface water and often ground water

- Fresh and salt water

- Serve to recharge groundwater, mitigate drought

- Example: the Everglades (surrounded by swamps but isn't one!)

Front 45

Swamp

Back 45

- Saturated soils during growing season, standing water at times

- Highly organic soils

- Dominated by woody plants (trees and shrubs)

- Serve as flood protection and nutrient removal. Provide very rich soil

- Many different kinds of swamps, ranging from the forested Red Maple, (Acer rubrum), swamps of the Northeast to the extensive bottomland hardwood forests found along the sluggish rivers of the Southeast.

Water-tolerant trees:

- Cypress (Taxodium spp.)

- Atlantic White Cedar (Chamaecyparis thyoides)

- Tupelo (Nyssa aquatica).

Some swamps are dominated by shrubs, such as Buttonbush or Smooth Alder. Plants, birds, fish, and invertebrates such as freshwater shrimp, crayfish, and clams require the habitats provided by swamps. Many rare species, such as the endangered American Crocodile, depend on these ecosystems as well. Swamps may be divided into two major classes, depending on the type of vegetation present: shrub swamps and forested swamps.

Front 46

Bogs

Back 46

- Floor of sphagnum moss , spongy peat deposits, acidic waters

- Most water from precipitation, not other sources = low in nutrients, exacerbated by acidic peat-moss

- Low in the nutrients needed for plant growth, a condition that is enhanced by acid forming peat mosses. Support interesting, but less diverse plants and animals

- Prevent flooding by removing rain, home to most interesting plants and animals (carnivorous plants)

- The unique and demanding physical and chemical characteristics of bogs result in the presence of plant and animal communities that demonstrate many special adaptations to low nutrient levels, waterlogged conditions, and acidic waters, such as carnivorous plants.

Front 47

Fens

Back 47

Similar to Bogs, but recieve water from other sources = less acidic = more diversity

Grasses, sedges, rushes and wildflowers. Showy Lady Slipper, Cypripedium reginae, is an example of a unique plant that thrives in fens

- Mostly a northern hemisphere phenomenon -- occurring in the northeastern United States, the Great Lakes region, the Rocky Mountains and much of Canada -- and are generally associated with low temperatures and short growing seasons, where ample precipitation and high humidity cause excessive moisture to accumulate.