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6 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Nutrients |
Via the diet, contain the chemical substances used for energy and cell building. plant- derived- rich in carbohydrates, vitamins, minerals. animal foods are richer in proteins and fats. Proteins and to a lesser extent fats are essential for building cell structures. Fats also provide a reserve of energy-rich fuel. Selected minerals and vitamins are required for the chemical reactions that go on in cells&for oxygen transport in the blood. Ie mineral calcium helps make bones hard&is required for blood clotting. |
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Oxygen |
All the nutrients in the world are useless without oxygen as theChemical reactions that release energy from food are oxidative reactions that require oxygen. 20% of the air we breath is oxygen. Cooperative efforts of the respiratory and cardiovascular systems make oxygen available to the blood and body cells. |
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Water |
60-80% of our body weight (most abundant chemical substance in the body). Provides the watery environment necessary for chemical reactions&fluid base for body secretions and excretions. Lose water by evaporation from lungs&skin&body excretions. |
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Normal body temperature |
For chemical reactions to continue at life-sustaining rates, normal body temp must be maintained. Drops below 37c :metabolic rxns become slower&slower&finally stop. Body temp too high: chemical rxns occur at a frantic pace&body proteins lose their characteristic shape&stop functioning. Death occurs at either extreme. Muscular system: generates most body heat. |
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Appropriate atmospheric pressure |
Atmospheric pressure: force that air exerts on the surface of the body. Breathing and gas exchange in the lungs depend on appropriate atmospheric pressure. High altitudes: atmospheric pressure is lower and the air is thin, gas exchange may be inadequate to support cellular metabolism. |
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List the survival needs for all body systems to maintain life |
Nutrients, oxygen, water, normal body temperature and appropriate atmospheric pressure. They must be present in apppppprropraite amounts |
