Itp (Memory And Forgetting)

Front 1

it is a very unique cognitive capacity of humans.

Back 1

memory.

Front 2

memory is a cognitive process in which...?

Back 2

in which our brain encodes, stores, and retrieves information.

it is also a collective term.

Front 3

the three processes of memory are;

Back 3

1. encoding;

2. storing, and;

3. retrieval

Front 4

a process in which our brains convert information so that it is able to store it as a memory.

Back 4

key word: convert information

so...

syempre! encoding!

Front 5

storage or storing is...?

Back 5

the process of retaining information in the brain.

Front 6

it is us accessing specific information that we need.

Back 6

retrieval.

Front 7

it is a phenomenon of us adding details to a memory to make it exaggerated or to make gaps make sense.

Back 7

confabulation.

Front 8

when we retrieve memories it is not a _____ of the event; not the _____ play.

Back 8

a. replication

b. exact

Front 9

it plays the biggest factor in why we retrieve or remember memories.

Back 9

emotions.

Front 10

emotions play the biggest role in memory retrieval, but why?

Back 10

a stronger emotion felt during the actual time of the event will cause the person to remember it better. weaker emotions, on the other hand, means we are less likely to remember it.

Front 11

the 1968 model that presented the three types of memories.

Back 11

lynn from las vegas mowdels (kimmy!)

atkinson and shiffrin model.

Front 12

it is our gateway to consciousness.

Back 12

sensory memory.

Front 13

the amount of time that sensory information holds information for...

Back 13

from less than a second to a few seconds.

Front 14

without it, we won't be able to remember things happening by the second.

Back 14

sensory memory.

aww.

so sad :(

Front 15

the two types of sensory memory for visual and auditory domains are...?

Back 15

iconic and echoic, respectively.

Front 16

short term memory of stm is our what we are currently thinking of right now - true or false?

Back 16

true!

it is also our conscious experience!

so galing! kaya ikaw manok ko eh 🐔🍗😋

Front 17

the amount of time short term memory can hold information for:

Back 17

10 to 20 seconds but they are still quite easy to forget.

Front 18

the phenomenon, according to george miller, that explains us only being able to hold 7 bits of information (sometimes 5 or 9 bits)

Back 18

magical number 7, plus or minus 2.

Front 19

the way in which we chop down larger units of information to smaller ones, making them easier to digest and remember.

Back 19

chewing.

eme! daming jokes.

syempre! chunking.

Front 20

saan nabibili chow fan?

Back 20

sa chunking! 🤣

Front 21

chunking increases the capacity of ____ to be ____ longer.

Back 21

a. short-term memory

b. stored

Front 22

an idea, under short term memory, popularized by alan baddeley.

Back 22

the working memory!

Front 23

it refers to the short-term maintenance and manipulation of information necessary for performing complex tasks.

Back 23

working memory.

😔💪

Front 24

it is activated when we are undergoing certain activities.

Back 24

working memory.

Front 25

it enables us to hold information while we are doing something else (example of this is the digit backwards test)

Back 25

the working memory!

Front 26

element of working memory that controls attention and mental resources when undergoing tasks.

Back 26

the central executive.

Front 27

the central executive updates...?

Back 27

to windows 11 (eme, ewan)

updates information and coordinates the systems of working memory.

Front 28

it is the holding space for visual information.

Back 28

visuospatial sketchpad.

Front 29

the _____ holds verbal and acoustic sound for rehearsing sound and word information.

Back 29

phonological loop.

Front 30

u are doing so great!!!

Back 30

keep it up!

keep it up!

Front 31

it integrated visuospatial and phonological information (for example, when we are memorizing chords for a song while also listening to make sure it's right).

Back 31

episodic buffer.

Front 32

a process of transforming a memory, usually short-term, to long term.

Back 32

consolidation!

Front 33

ano binibigay sa losers ng contest?

Back 33

consolidation prize haha.

Front 34

the part of our cerebral cortex that facilitates consolidation.

Back 34

the hippocampus!

Front 35

it is where our long term memories are stored...?

Back 35

cell ensembles.

Front 36

our brain creates ______ to create a _____ of that information.

Back 36

a. certain connections

b. memory

Front 37

it is where long term memory is stored.

Back 37

the cerebral cortex!

Front 38

also helps with consolidation, other than the cerebral cortex.

Back 38

the cerebellum.

Front 39

long term memory stores a definite amount of information, true or false?

Back 39

false! it stores an indefinite amount.

Front 40

any information that we can consciously recall.

Back 40

key word: consciously.

meaning...

explicit memory!

Front 41

the other term for explicit memory is...?

Back 41

declarative memory!

Front 42

the two sub types of explicit memory:

Back 42

1. semantic

2. episodic

Front 43

semantic memory are memory of ____ and ____.

Back 43

a. facts.

b. general knowledge.

Front 44

the name of our national hero and the date of the independence is an example of what type of explicit memory?

Back 44

semantic!

both of these things deal with the facts and general knowledge!

Front 45

memory of personal experience or those we can consciously tell a story of.

Back 45

episodic memory.

Front 46

also called as non-declarative memory; can be recalled consciously.

Back 46

implicit memory.

Front 47

examples of these are classically conditioned responses (performing surgery) and procedural memory (how to do certain tasks with our muscles).

Back 47

implicit memory!

Front 48

it is consolidating memory by repeating it over and over again.

Back 48

maintenance rehearsal.

heh, maintenance.

❤️

Front 49

it is the way we consolidate memory by associating it with something already stored in the mind.

Back 49

elaborative rehearsal.

Front 50

why is retrieval of a long term memory considered as an "arduous" process?

Back 50

because it consumes a lot of protein and energy.

ewan.

i think.

Front 51

how would you explain the tip of the tongue phenomenon?

Back 51

it is the failure to retrieve something that is in the long term memory; usually the cause of lack of nutrients and/or distractions.

Front 52

mnemonics are...?

Back 52

devices or techniques we use to remember something easily.

Front 53

who can develop mnemonics?

Back 53

us!

it is a highly personal thing, after all!

Front 54

examples of mnemonics:

roygbiv

Back 54

acronyms!

Front 55

examples of mnemonics:

to remember the concept of "confidential funds", i would associate it or place the concept sa cabinet.

Back 55

method of loci or mind palace.

Front 56

example of mnemonics:

1 is fund, 2 is shoe, 3 is tree.

Back 56

they also usually rhyme, so...

pegword system.

Front 57

examples of mnemonics:

arranging concepts into a meaningful story.

Back 57

narrative chaining.

Front 58

how does forgetting happen?

Back 58

1. decay

2. interference

3. suppression

4. repression

Front 59

theory related to forgetting that states information is forgotten because memories are simply not used; explains infantile amnesia.

Back 59

decay theory.

Front 60

states that forgetting happens when new and old concepts clash with each other.

Back 60

interference.

Front 61

interference that happens when we forget an old memory because we stored a new one.

Back 61

retroactive interference.

Front 62

proactive interference is...?

Back 62

it happens when we cannot remember a new memory because old memories interfere.

Front 63

true or false - suppression is voluntary.

Back 63

true since it involved motivated forgetting!

Front 64

type of forgetting that involves unconscious and involuntary forgetting.

Back 64

repression.

Front 65

forgetting most common in traumas.

Back 65

repression.

Front 66

it is a general disorder marked by loss of memory, either by organic or psychogenic causes.

Back 66

amnesia.

Front 67

organic causes of amnesia:

Back 67

sickness, head injury, or damage to the brain.

Front 68

psychogenic causes of amnesia.

Back 68

trauma and abuse.

Front 69

type of amnesia characterized by the inability to remember the past.

Back 69

malay mo naka-move on na.

retrograde amnesia, yun!

Front 70

anterograde amnesia is characterized by...?

Back 70

the inability to form new memories.

Front 71

amnesia caused by excessive consumption of alcohol marked by both retrograde and anterograde amnesia.

Back 71

korsakoff's syndrome.

Front 72

with this syndrome, people make up memories that did not happen because it's their only way of making sense with their surroundings.

Back 72

korsakoff's syndome.

Front 73

under amnesia; it is an old age and terminal disease.

Back 73

alzheimer's disease.

Front 74

it is a common term for neurological disorders.

Back 74

dementia.

Front 75

it is a disease under amnesia characterized by dementia or the loss of memory and cognitive capacities such as performing basic tasks.

Back 75

alzheimer's disease.

Front 76

when the person has alzheimer's disease, ___ entanglement happens in the brain cells.

Back 76

a. neural

Front 77

in the brain, with alzheimer's:

the ____ in the brain attached to the cell body, ____ it, and attacks the ____.

Back 77

a. plaques in the brain

b. kills it

c. attacks the acetylcholine

Front 78

the second most common form of dementia.

Back 78

parkinson's disease.

Front 79

korsakoff's syndrome is also characterized by ____ or making up memories.

Back 79

confabulation.

Front 80

what are the causes of dementia?

Back 80

unknown!

but, it could be genetics and fueled by lifestyle.