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24 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
What was the story of H.M? |
He was 27 years old when he had most of his hippocampus and surrounding brain tissue removed. The operation was successful, but he could no longer form new memories |
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What is memory? |
Processes that allow us to record and retrieve experiences and information. |
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What are the three behaviours that show that memory if functioning |
1. Recall: Retrieve previously stored information 2. Recognition: Identify which stimulus matches your stored information 3.Relearning: Compare rate of learning information on successive occasions to the first occasion |
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What are the three basic processes of memory? |
1. Encoding = getting information in by translating it into a neural cod for the brain 2. storage = retaining information over time 3. Retrieval = Getting information back out of storage when we want to use. |
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What is working memory? |
Stores information, processes it, and and supports problem solving and planning
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What is automatic Processing? |
When some information goes straight from sensory experience to LTM |
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What is sensory memory? |
Briefly holds sensory information. The initial information processors. |
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Short term/working memory |
Temporarily hold limited amount of information . Has a duration of about 20 seconds, and can hold 7 items at once. |
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What is the primacy effect? |
Information transferred to long term memory |
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What is the recency effect? |
Information is still in short term memory |
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What is Explicit memory? |
Facts and experiences that we know and can consciously recall. Acquired through effort full processing |
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What is Implicit memory? |
Memories that we are not fully aware of. Acquired through automatic processing. |
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What is Maintenance rehearsal? |
Rote repetition of information |
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What is Elaborative rehearsal? |
Focuses on information's meaning |
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How can we organize information |
Hierarchy: Memory is enhanced by associations. Enhanced understanding of how things are related. Chunking: Combining items into larger items of meaning. |
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What are Mnemonic devices |
Memory aids that connects information to existing information. |
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What is dual coding theory? |
The idea that memory will be enhanced if there are both verbal and visual codes |
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What is priming? |
Activation of one concept leads to activation of other, related concepts |
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What is the course of forgetting? |
Rapid loss of memory at first, and then a more gradual decline. |
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What is retrograde amnesia? |
The inability to retrieve memory of the past |
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What is Anterograde amnesia? |
The inability to form new, long - term explicit memories. |
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What is the misinformation effect? |
Distortion of memory by misleading post event information |
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What is source amnesia? |
Forgetting where the memory came from |
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What is misattribution? |
Attributing the source of the memory to your own experience. |