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75 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Some 4 millenia ago, Abraham left his home in which great city?
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Ur, for a land many hundreds of miles away.
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Abraham and his descendants transformed Canaan into the holy land. True/False.
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True.
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Why was Isreal considered so historically important?
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Canaan links the northeastern and southwestern extremities of the fertile crescent. It became the main corridor between the 2 great kingdoms of antiquity, Egypt and Mesopotamia.
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Which important patriarchs traveled the length and breadth of Canaan and kept company with kings and chieftains?
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Abraham, Isaac and Jacob and their wives Sarah, Rebecca, Rachael and Lea.
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In which places did these patriarchs establish themselves?
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Bethel, Beersheba and Hebron.
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What act represented a moral low point for Abraham?
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The sale of Abraham's great grandson, Joseph into slavery by his brothers.
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Did Joseph overcome his fate?
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Yes.He attained fame and fortune as vizier of Egypt.
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Did Joseph remain vizier of Egypt?
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No. When a new pharoah came to the throne, he knew not Joseph, and enslaved Joseph's numerous descendants, now known as Israelites.
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Moses remembered God's covenant with Abraham. What did Moses do because of this?
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Lead his people from Egyptian bondage back to the promised land.
The pharoah was Ramses II (1279-1212 BC) |
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How long did the Israelites wander the desert?
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Forty years. It is at this time that they received the ten commandments.
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Who was Moses' successor?
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Joshua. He led his people across the Jordan river. The next century was occupied with the settling of the land.
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Where did the 12 tribes of Israel descend from?
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They descended from Jacob's 12 sons. There were skirmishes between the Canaanites and Israelites, as characterized by scripture.
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When did the period of the judges draw to a close?
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Around 1020 BC. The Philistines were still considered a troublesome enemy.
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Where did the Philistines originate from?
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The Aegean islands, who arrived in the land about the same time as the Israelites. They gained control over Canaan's southern coastline.
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The Philistines constituted a threat throughout the time of which prophet?
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Samuel. He exhorted the people steadfastly against the worship of foriegn deities
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But the people were not willing to rely solely on rituals of sacrifice or the rule of the judges. True/False
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True. They preferred a king, God's choice according to 1 Sam 9:15-17, fell upon Saul of the tribe of Benjamin.
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How long did Saul reign?
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About two decades. In this reign, there were continuous campaigns against the Philistines.
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What other problen did Saul suffer?
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Depression. It could only be soothed by the lyre music of a young shapherd boy from Bethlehem..
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Who was the shepherd boy?
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David, son of Jesse. He killed the Philistine giant Goliath.
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How did David ascend the throne of Judah?
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Rivalry with saul necessitated David's flight from the King. When Saul died by suicide, because of his loss to the Philistines, David then ascended the throne of Judah.
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How did David bring the rest of the Israelite tribes under his rule?
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He defeated the followers of Saul's son, Ish-Boshet.
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How did David attempt to calm the quarrelsome tribes?
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David moved his capital from Hebron to Jerusalem, then known as Jebus. Jebus was in the hands of the Jebusites, a Canaanite people
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How did David transform Mount Moriah into the capital of his nation?
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With his conquest of Jebus and his purchase of Ornan's threshing floor, Mount Moriah, where he sacrificed to God anf halted the ravages of a plague.
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What was David's outcome with the Philistines?
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He consolidated territories as far north as Syria and reduced the Philistines to vassals of Israel.
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By 961BC, when David's son Solomon took power, his kingdom was an important player in international ploitics. True/ False
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True.
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Who did Solomon forge alliances with?
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With the ruling houses of the Phoenicians, Moab, Ammon and Edom.
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Did Solomon exert complex building projects?
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Yes. These projects constituted a severe hardship for the people.
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When did Solomon die?
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In 928 BC.
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Who was Solomon's successor?
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His son, Rehoboam.
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What did the people ask of Rehoboam?
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They approached him and asked if he would lift some of the severe building loads from the people.
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What was rehoboam's response?
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He said that, " My father chastised you with whips, I shall chastise you with scorpions".
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What was the result of Rehoboam's intransigence?
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A former overseer of Solomon, Jeroboam was able to wrest a piece of territory from the Daqvidic dynasty.
From Jerusalem, Rehoboam ruled the truncated kingdom of Judah, while Jeroboam, established the capital of the northern kingdom of Dan. The 2 kingdoms, Judah and Israel existed side by side, alternately allies and enemies with each other. |
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What were the prophets denouncing at this time?
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They denounced the exploitation of the underclass and idol worship, yet warned of impending doom.
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What event occurred in 721BC?
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The mighty Assyrian army crushed Israel, exiled the people, and replaced it with its oen citizens.
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Why was Jerusalem spared destruction?
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This was avoided because the Assyrian army was felled by a plague at its gates, but in 586 BC, the city and temple were laid waste by the Babylonians, and most people were exiled to Babylon.
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What was the result of this exile?
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The exile of the northern tribes brought about their disappearance as a cohesive group and they became known as the 10 lost tribes.
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Was this the case as well, for Judah?
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No.For Judah, Babylon proved a fertile ground for the revitalization of the faith of the deportees, who around this time began to be known as Jews.
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What eventually happened to the Babylonian empire?
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Forty six years later, the Babylonian empire fell to the Persians, and Cyrus te great allowed Jews to return to their land.
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Who was Ezra and nehemiah?
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Under the leadership of Ezra and Nehemiah, the prophet, Jerusalem walls were rebuilt, and sacrifice was reinstated in the temple, and restored in 519 BC..
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What important event occurred in 332BC?
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In 332 BC Alexander the great swept through the lands of the near east, introducing the peoples of the region to Hellenism. Many adapted, but among the jews there were many who remained faithful to the one true God.
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The Jews chafed under heinous restrictions placed upon them by Alexander's successors. True/False
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True. These were the rulers of Palestine and Syria known as the Selucids.
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What happened as a result of these hardships?
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Revolt broke out under the leadership of Judah the Maccabee. The revolt culminated with with the liberation of the temple from pagan hands(festival of Chanukah).
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Who became the first sovereign ruler of the Hasmonean dynasty?
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Judah;s brother Jonathan. Eventually corruption took its toll.
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What happened after the fall of the Hasmonean dynasty?
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Rome took the land in 63 BC renaming it Palestine.Rome ruled Palestine through the offices of local client kings.
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Who was the first king placed in rule once Rome created Palestine?
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King Herod, who was backed by Marc Anthony and Octavian took power from Antiginous, the last prince of the fatally weakened Hasmonean dynasty.
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How did Herod bring fame to his kingdom?
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He brought fame with his colossal expansion of Jerusalem's temple, and construction of the Caesarea port.
Herod was famous for hounding his enemies real and imagined. Luke's account of Herod's slaughter of the Holy Innocents in Bethlehem is typical of his cruel and vengeful character. |
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What occurred when Herod died?
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When he died 35 years after being enthroned, his son Archelaus succeded him in Judea and 2 other sons Philip and Antipas in the northern territories.
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Was Archelaus rule successful?
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He proved so inept that the Romans replaced the Herodian dynasty in Judea with direct rule by governors who plundered the country for self gain.
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What happened in 66BC?
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A revolt broke out. The Romans were unable to contain it.In 70AD, the temple was destroyed. Several years later, the last revolutionaries died at their own hands, surrounded by thousands of Roman legionaires, in the wilderness fortress of Masada. Reamining Jews regained a living status.
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What happened app. 60 years after Masada?
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There was another rebellion. The leadership eas under the auspices of Bar Kokhba, whom many believed to be the Messiah.
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What happened in 135AD?
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This uprising was crushed by emperor Hadrian who exiled all Jews from Jerusalem and Judea.
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Into the malestrom of the Roman era app. around 4BC, Jesus of Nazareth was born. True/False
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True. Despite his preachings of faith, love and healing miracles, he made many enemies. His execution was ordered by Pontius Pilate which was carried out during Passover around 33 AD.
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Who was responsible for converts to the new faith of Christianity?
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On foundations laid out by Peter and Paul. Many adherents fled Roaman oppression and were forced underground.
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What role did Emperor Constantine play in Christianity?
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It was not until the Roman empire itself accepted Christianity, under Emperor Constantine in 313 AD that the marking and visitation of the places sacrad to the faith began.
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Early in the 4th century, Constantine's mother Helene came to the Holy land to seek out the sites of central events of Christianity. True/False
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True.Many churches were soon built in Jerusalem and in Bethlehem. As the new empire expanded ruled from its capital Constantinople, thousands flocked to these sites. Many of these sites are still venerated today.
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Jerusalem shone under the Byzantine empire, especially as the scene of Jesus's passion. True/False
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True.
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What happened in 614 AD?
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The invasion of the Persians in 614AD brought the Byzantines to their knees. The Christian empire struggled to survive. Muhammad had already established his new faith in Arabia, and in 638 AD , an Islamic army conquered Jerusalem.
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What did the builders of the Ommayad dynasty build?
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They constructed the Al Aksa Mosque on the location to which Muhammad flew from Mecca in a miraculous vision.
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What was constructed on the temple mount?
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The dome of the rock went up over the spot on the temple mount where Abraham had offered Issac for sacrifice, and Islamic tradition ascribed the ascension of Muhammad to heaven.
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What did the Muslims call Jerusalem?
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Beit Al Maqdess, from the hebrew word for "temple".
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In the centuries following the Ommayad fall from power, the Muslims ruled the Holy land from Baghdad or from Egypt. True/False
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True.
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Why did the Holy Land become once again vulnerable to attack?
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As the Fatimid caliphs of Egypt vied for control of the region against the Seljuk Turks, the land was ripe for attack. This time from the Crusaders in 1099.
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After the Crusaders arrived what had changed?
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For the next 200 years, churches and monasteries flourished. Boatloads of pilgrims, disembarked at the lvely and the cosmopolitan port of Acre and filled the roads to the holy places.
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Even after the loss of Jerusalem in 1187, and with their holdingfs much reduced, what were the Crusaders doing?
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They were conducting lucrative trade in the Holy Land, exporting the treasures of the east to Europe.
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What happened in 1291?
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Acre, the last Crusader bastion in the Holy Land fell.
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What happened after the Crusader fall?
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The new era, the Mamaluke period, was named for a class of servants of the Turkish empire who had gained independence in the region.
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How did the Mamalukes immortalize themselves?
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They immortalized themselves in architecture. Many structures still seen in Jerusalem, Acre and elsewhere bears the mark of their immutavble style.
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What happened in 1517?
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A new Turkish dynasty was founded under Sultan Ot'man. His son Suleiman rebuilt Jerusalem and ushered in the Ottoman empire, which ruled Palestine until the Turks were vanquished by the British and the French in WW 1.
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General Sir Edmund Allenby entered Jerusalem triumphantly on December, 17, 1917. True/False
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True.
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How did Zionism come into concept?
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The late nineteenth and early twentieth centuries coincided with the revival of the biblical imperative to return and rebuild the ancient land of Abraham. Inspired by Theodor Herzl, a Viennese journalist turned this age old desire into a modern political movement- Zionism-Jews came to Palestine to build a new society.
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When did scientific research begin?
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It began after Napoleons 1799 incursion took flight with the late 19th century activities of the Palestine exploration fund.
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What are "Tells"?
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They are the mysterious mounds scattered throughout the country, and were now understood to be layer upon layer of ancient civilizations. They became and still are hot spots of interest to a wide variety of archeological digs.
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Suspicious of the newcomers, Arab inhabitants of the country often attempted to sabotage efforts to settle lands purchased by Jewish pioneers. True/False
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True.Unable to control the rising tensions, the British returned their mandate to the United nations.
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What happened in 1947?
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On Nov. 29, 1947, the UN resolved to partition Palestine between the Jews and the Arabs, and the British prepared to leave. One day after the British left,, on May 15, 1948, the state of Israel was declared, and David Ben Gurion became its first prime minister.
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If there is hope for peace in the Middle East,it may well be what Isiah says in Isaiah 2:4. What is this passage?
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"They shall beat their swords into ploughshares, and their spears into pruning hooks. Nation shall not lift up sword against nation, neither shall they learn war anymore". Isiah 2:4.
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