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64 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Acoustic Immittance
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the term used to refer to either the flow or opposition to the flow of energy through the middle
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Acoustic Neuroma
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A tumor of the vestibulocochlear (VIIIth) nerve
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Acquired
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Occuring after birth
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Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome (AIDS)
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A viral disease in which a person becomes susceptible to an assortment of other illnesses, highly infectious, spread through sexual contact or blood transfusions
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Acute Laryngitis
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Temporary swelling of the voacal folds, resulting in a hoarse voice quality.
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Acute Otitis media
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Inflammation of the middle ear characterized by rapid onset, with resolution with in approximately 3 weeks.
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Addition
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In articulation, the insertion of a phoneme that is not part of the word.
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Adventitious
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Occuring sometime after birth.
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Affricate
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Acombonation of a stop and a fricative phoneme.
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Agnosia
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Sensory deficit accompanying some aphasias that make it difficult to understand incoming sensory information.
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Agrammatism
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Omission of spoken and written grammatical elements found in some aphasias in which individuals omit short unstressed words in morphological endings.
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Agraphia
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Writting difficulty accompanying some aphasias and characterized by mistakes and poorly formed letters.
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Air conduction
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A method of evaluating hearing by transmitting sound to the inner ear via the outer and middle ear.
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Alexia
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Reading difficulties found in some aphasias in which the client may be unable to recognize even common words that he or she says.
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Allophone
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A phonemic variation.
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Alport Syndrome
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A hereditary disorder characterized by kidney disease and bilateral progressive sensorineural hearing loss.
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Alveolar
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Refers to the alveolar or gum ridge of the mouth. In speech, alveolar consonants are those that are produced with the tongue on the alveolar ridge.
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Alveolus
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Area of the mandible and maxilla that houses the teeth.
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Alzheimer's Disease
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A cortical pathology that affects primarily memory, language, and visuospatial skills as a result of diffuse brain atrophy; presenile dementia
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American Sign Language
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A complex nonvocal language containing elaborate syntax and semantics. Proficiency in its use is one of the primary methods by which a deaf individual becomes part of the Deaf community.
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Amplification
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Technology such as hearing aids, cochlear implants, and assistive listening devices that improve access to sounds by electronically increasing their intensity.
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Amyotrophic latera sclerosis
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Commonly called Lou Gerig's disease, ALS is a rapidly progressive degenerative disease in which the individual gradually loses control of his or his musculature. It is characterized by fatigue, muscle atrophy or loss of bulk, involuntary contractions and reduced muscle tone. Speech in the later stages is labored and slow with short phrasing, long pauses, hypernasality, and severely impaired articulation.
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Anatomy
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The study of the structures of the body and the relationship of these structures to one another.
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Aneurysm
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A type of hemmorrhagic stroke resulting from the rupture of a sac-like bulging in a weakened artery wall.
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Ankyloglossia
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Tongue-tie; a relatively short lingual frenum.
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Anomia
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Difficulty naming entities.
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Anomic Aphasia
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A fluent aphasia characterized by naming difficulties and mild to moderate auditory comprehension problems.
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Anoxia
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Deprivation of oxygen.
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Aphasia
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An impairment due to localized brain injury and affecting understanding, retrieving, and formulating meaningful and sequential elements of language.
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Aplasia
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Hearing loss due to the absence or malformation of the inner ear structures during embryonic development.
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Apraxia or Verbal Apraxia
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A Neurological impairment of the ability to program-- organize and plan- and execute movement of the speech muscles, unrelated to muscle weakness, slowness, or paralysis.
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Arteriovenous malformation
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A poorly formed tangle of arteries and veins that may result in a rare type of stroke in which arterial walls are weak and give way under pressure.
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Articulation
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Rapid and coordinated movement of the tongue, teeth, lips, and palate to produce speech sounds.
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Articulatory/ resonating system
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Structures used during sound production including the oral cavity, nasal cavity, tongue, and soft palate.
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Aryepiglottic folds
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the membrane and muscle that connect the sides of the epiglottis to the arytenoid cartilages in the larynx.
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Asperger's Syndrome
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Mild form of pervasive developmental disorder (PDD) Characterized by normal intelligence and typical language development with dificits in social and communication skills.
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Aspiration
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Inhaling; used to mean the inhalation of fluid or food into the lungs, in phonology, a puff of air that is released in the production of various allophones.
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Assessment of
Communication Disorders |
The systematic process of obtaining information from many sources, through various means, and in dofferent settings to verify communication strengths and weaknesses, identify possible couase, and make plans to address them.
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Assistive Listening Devices (ALD)
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The general term applied to electronic devices designed to enhance the reception of sound by those who are hearing-impaired.
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Assistive Technologies
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Aids for daily living, communication, environmental controls; prothetic or orthotic devices; sensory aids; seating and positioning systems; and mobility/transportation aids.
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Ataxia
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Disorder of muscle coordination.
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Ataxic cerebral palsy
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A congenital disorder characterized by uncoordinated movement and disturbed balance. Movements lack direction, an hypotonic muscles lack adequate force and rate and have poor directional control.
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Ataxic Dysarthria
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A motor speech disorder involving a combination of muscle weakness or reduced tone or hypotonia and problems with muscles coordination. Little to no paralysis exists, and the problems is one involving the accuracy, timing, and direction of movement. Speech is characterized by excessive and equal stress and imprecise articulation, especially in repetitive movements.
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Atresia
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Congenital disorder resulting in complete closure of the external auditory meatus
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Attention Deficity Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD)
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Hyperactivity and attentional difficulties in children who do not manifest other characteristics of learning disabilities.
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Audibility
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The ability to detect the presence of sound.
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Audiogram
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A graph oh which results of pure tone audiometry are recorded.
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Audiologist
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A professional whose distinguishing role is to identify, assess, manage, and prevent disorders of hearing and balance.
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Audiometer
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A device used to regulate and deliver pure tone and speech stimuli during audiometric testing.
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Auditory Bombardment
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In phonological therapy, the repeated presentation of target phonemes at a slightly amplified level.
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Auditory brainstem
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Nuclei and colliculi located in the brain stem that are related to audition.
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Auditory brainstem response (ABR)
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A type of electrophysiological testing that records neural responses along the ascending auditory pathways occurring with in the first 10 milliseconds following stimulus presentation.
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Auditory cortex
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Heschel's gyri, located in the temporal lobe, that is concerned with the analysis and elaboration of speech.
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Auditory evoked potentials (AEP)
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Small neuroelectric responses to auditory stimulation by the ascending pathways leading from the cochlea to the cortex of the brain.
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Auditory Oral Approach
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A training method for hearing-impaired persons that emphasizes the use of residual hearing and speechreading (lipreading)
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Auditory Processing disorder
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Deficits of the auditory structures, pathways, and neural synapses spanning from the brainstem to the cortex of the brain that inhibit one's ability to efficiently and effectively use and interpret auditiry information. Also referred to as centeral auditory processing disorder (CAPD)
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Auditory Tube
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The tube connecting the middle ear cavity with the nasopharynx with the principal function of equalizing atmospheric and middle air cavity air pressures. (Eustachian tube)
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Auditory training
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listening activities designed to maximize a heraring-impaired person's ability to detect, discriminate, identify and comprehend auditory information.
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Auditory verbal approach
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A training method for hearing-impaired persons that emphasizes the use of residual hearing rather than vision.
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Augmentative and Alternative Communication (AAC)
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Gestures, signing, picture systems, print, computerized communication and voice production used to complement or supplement speech for persons with severe communication impairments
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Aural habilitation/rehabilitation
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Services and procedures designed to improve communication deficits that result from hearing loss
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Authentic data
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Information about an individual that is based on real life
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Autism spectrum disorder (ASD)
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Term used to characterize individuals at the severe end of ther pervasive developmental disorder (PDD) continuum. ASD is an impairment in reciprocal social interaction with a severely limited behavior, interest, and activity repaertoire that has its onset before 30 months of age.
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Automaticity
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Th ease with which a person uses a particular skill without apparent thought.
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