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21 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Origin on oesophagus |
Inferior border of cricoid cartilage (C6) to the cardiac orfice (t11) |
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Ligament that connects oesophagus to the hiatus |
Phreno esophageal ligament |
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Muscular layers of oesophagus |
Superior third - voluntary striated Middle third - striated and smooth Lower third - smooth |
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Two sphicters of oesophagus |
Upper sphincter - produced by cricopharyngeus muscle to prevent air Lower sphicter - in gastoesophageal junction to prevent reflux |
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Blood supply of thoracic oesophagus |
Inferior thoracic artery- branch of thyrocervical trunk |
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Blood supply of abdomen |
Left gastric (branch of coeliac trunk)
Left inferior phrenic artery (1st branch of abdominal aorta) |
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Nerve supply of oesophagus |
Vagus nerve |
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Abdominal region of stomach |
Left hypochondric and partly in epigastric region |
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Anatomical parts of stomach |
Cardia, fundus, body and pylorus |
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Histological part of stomach |
Mucosa, submucosa, muscularis |
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Location of kidneys |
It is a retroperitoneal organ and located between t12 and l3 Right kidney is a bit lower than left because of liver |
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Function of kidney |
Remove excess water Maintain acid base balance Maintain blood pressure Maintain correct level of nutrients |
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Blood supply of kidneys |
Renal arteries and renal veins |
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5 segment of kidneys |
Superior Anterior superior Anterior inferior Inferior Posterior Each segments are supplied by separate segmental renal arteries |
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Where in the kidneys are nephrons located? |
Renal pyramid |
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3 stages of kidney development |
Pronephros Mesonephros (doesn't produce urine) Metanephros (final kidney) |
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Where does primodial germ cell originate? |
In yolk sac closer to the amniotic cavity during week 5 |
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Where does primodial germ cell migrate to? To form genital system? |
Gonadal ridge (6weeks after fertilisation) |
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How the early differentiation of male and females occur? |
In males paramesonephric ducts dissapear and mesonephric ducts stays.. while in females mesonephric ducts dissapear and pmn ducts stays |
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What forms the uterus and upper vagina? |
Two paramesonephric ducts fuse to form uterus, cervix and upper vagina |
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What does mesonephric ducts give rise to? |
Ductus deferens (Mesonephric ducts disintegrates in females) |
