Information Systems Exam 2

Front 1

Copyright

Back 1

the legal protection afforded an expression of an idea, such as a song, book, or video game

Front 2

Intellectual Property

Back 2

intangible creative work that is embodied in physical form and includes copyrights, trademarks, and patents

Front 3

Pirated Software

Back 3

the unauthorized use, duplication, distribution, or sale of copyrighted software

Front 4

Counterfeit Software

Back 4

software that is manufactured to look like the real thing and sold as such

Front 5

Nonrepudiation

Back 5

a contractual stipulation to ensure that ebusiness participants do not deny their online actions, included in the accepted use policy

Front 6

Mail Bomb

Back 6

sends a massive amount of email to a specific person or system that can cause that user's server to stop functioning

Front 7

Spam

Back 7

unsolicited email

Front 8

Types of hackers

Back 8

-black-hat hackers
-crackers
-cyber-terrorists
-hactivists
-script bunnies
-white-hat hackers

Front 9

Black-hat Hackers

Back 9

break into other people's computer systems and may just look around or may steal and destroy information

Front 10

Crackers

Back 10

have criminal intent when hacking

Front 11

Cyber-terrorists

Back 11

seek to cause harm to people or to destroy critical systems or information and use the Internet as a weapon of mass destruction

Front 12

Hactivists

Back 12

have philosophical and political reasons for breaking into systems and will often deface the website as a protest

Front 13

Script bunnies

Back 13

find hacking code on the Internet and click-and-point their way into systems to cause damage or spread viruses

Front 14

White-hat Hackers

Back 14

work at the request of the system owners to find system vulnerabilities and plug the holes

Front 15

Virus

Back 15

software written with malicious intent to cause annoyance or damage

Front 16

Spyware

Back 16

a special class of adware that collects data about the use and transmits it over the Internet without the user's knowledge or permission

Front 17

Social Engineering

Back 17

hackers use their social skills to trick people into revealing access credentials or other valuable information

Front 18

Dumpster Diving

Back 18

looking through people's trash

Front 19

Phishing

Back 19

a technique to gain personal information for the purpose of identity theft, usually by means of fraudulent emails that look as though they came from legitimate businesses

Front 20

Pharming

Back 20

rerouted requests for legitimate websites to false websites

Front 21

Content filtering

Back 21

occursw when organizations use software that filters content, such as emails, to prevent the accidental or malicious transmission of unauthorized information

Front 22

Digital certificate

Back 22

data file that identifies individuals or organizations online and is comparable to a digital signature

Front 23

Firewall

Back 23

hardware and/or software that guard a private network by analyzing incoming and outgoing information for the correct markings

Front 24

Intrusion Detection Software (IDS)

Back 24

features full-time monitoring tools that search for patterns in network traffic to identify intruders

Front 25

Infrastructure

Back 25

includes the plans for how a firm will build, deploy, use, and share its data, processes, and MIS assets; can reduse costs, improve productivity, optimize business operations, generate growth, and increase profitability

Front 26

Disaster Recovery

Back 26

able to recover information or systems in the event of a catastrophic disaster such as a fire or flood

Front 27

Business Continuity Planning (BCP)

Back 27

created a way for a company to recover and restore partially or completely interrupted critical functions within a predetermined time after a disaster or extended disruption

Front 28

Fault Tolerance

Back 28

the ability for a system to respond to an unexpected failure or system crash as the backup system immediately and automatically takes over with no loss of service;enabling businesses to support continuous operations if there is a power failure or flood

Front 29

Failover

Back 29

a specific type of fault tolerance that occurs when a redundant storage server offers an exact replica of the real-time data and if the primary server crashes, the users are automatically directed to the secondary server or backup server

Front 30

Failback

Back 30

occurs when the primary machine recovers and resumes operations, taking over from the secondary server

Front 31

Hot site

Back 31

a separate and fully equipped facility where the company can move immediately after a disaster and resume business

Front 32

Cold site

Back 32

a separate facility that does not have any computer equipment but is a place where employees can move after a disaster

Front 33

Warm site

Back 33

a separate facility with computer equipment that requires installation and configuration

Front 34

Capacity planning

Back 34

determines future environmental infrastructure requirements to ensure high-quality system performance

Front 35

Moore's Law

Back 35

computer chip performance per dollar doubles every 18 months

Front 36

Granularity

Back 36

refers to the extent of detail within the information (fine and detailed or coarse and abstract)

Front 37

Transactional information

Back 37

encompasses all of the information contained within a single business process or unit of work, and it's primary purpose is to support daily operational tasks

Front 38

Analytical information

Back 38

encompasses all organizational information, and its primary purpose is to support the performing of managerial analysis tasks like making important decisions

Front 39

Redundancy

Back 39

the duplication of data, or the storage of the same data in multiple places, can cause storage and data integrity issues

Front 40

Relational Integrity Constraints

Back 40

rules that enforce basic and fundamental information-based constraints like not allowing someone to create an order for a nonexistent customer or order zero pounds of raw materials

Front 41

Business-critical Integrity Constraints

Back 41

enforce business rules vital to an organization's success and often require more insight and knowledge than relational integrity constraints, such as constraint stating no product returns are accepted after 15 days past delivery

Front 42

Extraction, Transformation, and Loading (ETL)

Back 42

a process that extracts information from internal and external databases. transforms it using a common set of enterprise definitions, and loads it into a data warehouse

Front 43

Multidimensional analysis

Back 43

a relational database containing information in a series of two-dimensional tables, the common term a cube

Front 44

Information Cleansing

Back 44

a process that weeds out and fixes or discards inconsistent, incorrect, or incomplete information

Front 45

Data Mining

Back 45

process of analyzing data to extract information not offered by the raw data alone

Front 46

Text Mining

Back 46

analyzes unstructured data to find trends and patterns in words and sentences, like when handling customer service emails

Front 47

Web Mining

Back 47

analyzes unstructured data associated with websites to identify consumer behavior and website navigation, with cluster analysis, association detection, and statistical analysis

Front 48

Cluster Analysis

Back 48

a technique used to divide information sets into mutually exclusive groups such that the members of each group are as close together as possible to one another and the different groups are as far apart as possible, example is to create target marketing strategies based on zip codes

Front 49

Association Detection

Back 49

reveals the relationship between variables along with the nature and frequency of the relationships

Front 50

Market Basket Analysis

Back 50

analyzes such items as websites and checkout scanner information to detect customers' buying behavior and predict future behavior by identifying affinities among customers' choices of products and services