Reading...
Play button
Play button
Use LEFT and RIGHT arrow keys to navigate between flashcards;
Use UP and DOWN arrow keys to flip the card;
H to show hint;
A reads text to speech;
68 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
|
Which of the following statements most accurately describes Victorian-era attitudes toward marital sex and love?
a. Sexual attraction and love are considered good foundations for marriage. b. Sex and love are considered separate human experiences. c. The ideal love includes sexual passion. d. Both sex and love are to be enjoyed outside the marital union. |
b. Sex and love are considered separate human experiences.
|
|
|
According to Richard von Krafft-Ebing, the cause of all sexual deviations is
a. a brain disorder. b. childhood sexual abuse. c. masturbation. d. unconscious conflict. |
c. Masturbation
|
|
|
Although Kinsey and his colleagues interviewed thousands of people for his groundbreaking studies, his results are considered flawed because his interviewees were
a. a biased sample in terms of the age-group represented. b. a sample of convenience. c. encouraged to exaggerate the frequency and variety of their behaviors. d. still influenced by Victorian sexual attitudes. |
c. Encouraged to exaggerate the frequency and variety of their behaviors.
|
|
|
The recent study on American sexual behavior that is generally considered the most accurate is the
a. National Health and Social Life Survey. b. Janus Report on Sexual Behavior. c. Redbook survey. d. American Couples study. |
b. Janus Report on Sexual Behavior
|
|
|
Helen wants to have sex with her boyfriend, Bob, as one more way of “having fun together.” Bob wants to know if Helen really cares for him before they begin being sexual with each other. Their conflict may be described as one that involves
a. traditional versus nontraditional attitudes. b. Victorian versus modern attitudes. c. recreational versus relational attitudes. d. promiscuous versus cautious attitudes. |
c. Recreational versus relational attitudes
|
|
|
One result of clitoridectomy is to
a. ease childbirth. b. increase fertility. c. increase sexual pleasure. d. reduce sexual pleasure. |
d. Reduce sexual pleasure
|
|
|
Involuntary contraction of the sphincter vaginae and levator ani muscles is associated with
a. endometriosis. b. infibulation. c. vaginismus. d. virginity. |
c. Vaginismus
|
|
|
Research on HRT shows all of the following effects EXCEPT
a. decrease in menopausal symptoms such as hot flashes and night sweats. b. lower rates of breast cancer. c. more heart attacks, strokes, and blood clots. d. reduced rate of hip fractures and colon cancer. |
b. Lower rates of breast cancer
|
|
|
Prolactin and oxytocin are critical hormones for successful breast-feeding.
True or False? |
True
|
|
|
In the locker room, Jim notes that his penis appears smaller and narrower than those of many of the other men. If Jim is typical, what will happen when he is sexually aroused?
a. He is more likely to maintain an erection for a longer time compared to men with larger penises. b. He will become erect more quickly and be able to maintain his erection for a longer time. c. His smaller penis will be more sensitive than longer penises. d. His smaller penis will gain more in length and circumference than will penises that are larger in a flaccid state. |
d. His smaller penis will gain more in length and circumference than will penises that are larger in a flaccid state.
|
|
|
When Antonio and Tamara make love, he often inserts his penis in her vagina until he feels that ejaculation is close. Then, he puts on a condom. Why is this behavior risky?
a. Preejaculatory fluids are meant to serve as a lubricant. b. Preejaculatory secretions of the Cowper's glands often contain sperm. c. Such behavior may cause semen to become thick and gelatinous. d. The interruption in sexual arousal may reduce the motility of sperm. |
b. Preejaculatory secretions of the Cowper's glands often contain sperm.
|
|
|
Tantric traditions of Hinduism and Buddhism typically portray sexual activity as
a. a goal-oriented activity with reproduction as the primary aim. b. a goal-oriented activity with the physical satisfaction of orgasm as the primary aim. c. an expression of spiritual energies. d. unclean. |
c. An expression of spiritual energies
|
|
|
The sequence of phases in Masters and Johnson's model of sexual response is
a. excitement, orgasm, plateau, resolution. b. excitement, plateau, orgasm, resolution. c. plateau, excitement, orgasm, resolution. d. plateau, orgasm, excitement, resolution. |
b. Excitement, plateau, orgasm, resolution
|
|
|
A major difference between the Kaplan model of sexual response and the Masters and Johnson model is that the former model
a. gives equal emphasis to male and female sexual patterns. b. includes the psychological factor of desire. c. is based on a more demographically balanced sample. d. relies on laboratory observation rather than verbal reports |
b. Includes the psychological factor of desire
|
|
|
Which of the following is NOT a factor associated with long-term loving relationships according to John Gottman?
a. An absence of quarrels b. An absence of strong gender differences in emotional expression c. Early confrontation of complaints and differences d. Positive memories about the beginning of a relationship |
a. An absence of quarrels
|
|
|
What are pheromones?
a. Endocrine secretions that guide the development of secondary sex characteristics b. Natural painkillers released by the brain c. Neurotransmitters that stimulate the hypothalamus and the pituitary gland d. Scents that function as sexual attractants and alter other sexual processes. |
c. Neurotransmitters that stimulate the hypothalmus and the pituitary gland
|
|
|
The imposition of labels such as orgasmic dysfunction and hypoactive sexual desire disorder is problematic because
a. individual sexual responsiveness varies greatly. b. it is impossible to measure sexual responses objectively. c. their definitions cannot be clearly stated. d. these labels do not fit sexual problems as they are experienced by real people. |
a. Individual sexual responsiveness varies greatly
|
|
|
Erectile dysfunction is often associated with
a. depression. b. fatigue. c. use of alcohol. d. All of these |
d. All of these
|
|
|
Viewing erotic materials during brain scans shows..
|
Activation of the thalamus in men and the hypothalamus in women
|
|
|
Which of the following statements is true:
a. The most common problem among women is a lack of interest in sex. b. The most common problem among men is early ejaculation. c. Both a and b are true d. None of the above |
c. Both a and b are true
|
|
|
When clarifying diagnostic issues, it is important to explore:
a. Is the problem lifelong or more current? b. Is it global or situational? c. Is the presenting problem low sexual interest or aversion? d. All of the above |
d. All of the above
|
|
|
Which of the following statements is true.
a. Arousal is associated with increased activity in visual association areas for men. b. Arousal is associated with increased activity in areas governing memories for women. c. Both a and b are true. d. Neither a or b is true. |
b. Both a and b are true
|
|
|
Masters and Johnson perceived male and female sexual response cycles as..
|
analogous
|
|
|
According to Masters and Johnson, sexual problems were attributed to __________________ and _______________ was prescribed in the majority of cases.
|
Anxiety
Sensate focus |
|
|
Therapists must be mindful of their own perception regarding...
|
alternative lifestyles
cultural differences in sexual practices and sexuality |
|
|
The sex drive is...
|
Associated with testosterone in both women and men
|
|
|
Current criticism of the Masters and Johnson model include:
a. The model was purely physiological b. It failed to integrate cognitive and affective states. c. It is difficult to differentiate the individual stages proposed by this model. d. All of the above |
d. All of the above
|
|
|
According to the Quantum Model of Sexual Functioning, the overall level of sexual stimulation is a function of...
|
Physical stimuli and psychological processes.
|
|
|
The Quantum Model recognizes that intimate sex is _________ and thus __________, suggesting it ____________.
|
learned
can be behaviorally conditioned |
|
|
The Quantum Model encourages ____________________
|
an increase in anxiety tolerance.
|
|
|
An awareness of one's own needs and the ability to balance the needs for autonomy and togetherness is labeled ______________ by the Quantum Model.
|
Differentiation
|
|
|
Results from experiments demonstrated that when faced with a barrier to their mothers, male toddlers tend to _________________ while females tend to ______________.
|
Force their way through
Cry for help. |
|
|
True of False,
In the beginning stages of development, a male fetus develops twice as fast as females. |
True
|
|
|
Which of the following statements is true
a. Boys have larger brains b. Girls have more neuronal connections. c. There is no difference between boys and girls d. Both a and b are true |
d. Both a and b are true
|
|
|
Which of the following does not reflect a first generation approach to sexual desire?
a. Sex and desire are natural functions. b. Sexual desire problems are related to personal characteristics and individual diagnoses. c. Sexual desire is consciously chosen, rather than a biological process. d. A lack of sexual desire is pathological. |
c. sexual desire is consciously chosen, rather than a biological process
|
|
|
Schnarch argues that sexual desire problems are a form of interpersonal communication.
True or False |
True
|
|
|
Sigmund Freud argued that:
a. Neuroses were produced by unconscious conflicts of a sexual nature. b. Theory of infantile sexuality c. Adult sexual perversions were distortions of childhood sexual expressions. d. All of the above |
d. All of the above
|
|
|
According to Schnarch,
a. The partner with the most sexual desire controls sexual interactions. b. The partner with the least sexual desire controls interactions. c. Both partners control sexual interactions equally. d. Studies have not provided a definitive answer to this question. |
b. the partner with the least sexual desire controls the relationship
|
|
|
_______________ is linked to empathic behavior in women.
|
Oxytocin
|
|
|
The male fetus is more fragile than the female fetus due to...
|
Testosterone
|
|
|
Testosterone injections caused __________ in females.
a. Lower voice b. Facial hair c. Amenorrhea d. All of the above |
d. all of the above
|
|
|
Culture and sexuality.
What is cultural relativism? |
Concerning immigrants, believing that the value systems of one's original culture should be honored and allowed.
|
|
|
What is cultural absolutism?
|
Expecting that those from other cultures must held to the sexual standards and beliefs in which they now live
|
|
|
Attitudes toward _____________ and ______________ have become more accepted in recent years
|
masturbation
non-marital sex |
|
|
____________ is initially driven by biologic processes,
|
Love
|
|
|
The most important sexual organ is the __________
|
brain
|
|
|
Critical regions of the brain identified to be involved in romantic love are the _______________ and the _____________.
|
amygdala
hypothalamus |
|
|
Which brain pathways are suggestive of romantic love involvement also?
|
dopaminergic pathways
|
|
|
The "Brain in Love" shows elevated levels of ______________ and decreased levels of _________________
|
dopamine
serotonin |
|
|
The sex drive is primarily associated with _____________, particularly _______________ in both women and men.
|
androgens
testosterone |
|
|
The higher the __________, the more more sexual activity is likely to take place
|
testosterone
|
|
|
Men are more _____________, while women are are driven toward sex via ________________
|
visual
memory associations/romantic words |
|
|
When does the human sexual response cycle begin?
|
before birth
|
|
|
Can males achieve erections in-utero?
|
Yes, they can
|
|
|
When does genital self-exploration and masturbation occur for both sexes?
|
between 6 months and 1 year.
|
|
|
At what age do children become aware of their biological sex and show an understanding of sexual identity?
|
by 2 years old
|
|
|
What happens by ages 3-5?
|
Children begin to conform to societal messages about how females and males should act. Gender roles are created
|
|
|
When does romantic interest take shape?
|
at between 5-12 years of age (depending on cultural factors)
|
|
|
What is the function of the ovaries?
|
production of estrogen and progesterone
production of the ova |
|
|
The fimbriae, infundibulum, and cilia comprise the _____________ __________ in women?
|
Fallopian Tubes
|
|
|
Each female breast is composed of _______________ of milk glands
|
15-20 clusters
|
|
|
Which hormones stimulate lactation?
|
prolactin
oxytocin |
|
|
True of false.
There is no correlate between height, general body size, or the size of other particular organs and penis size. |
True
|
|
|
Why do we circumcise in Western culture? (4 reasons)
|
1.Religious custom
2. Hygiene 3. Phimosis (inability of foreskin to stretch over the glans penis) 4. Reduction in transmission of STD's |
|
|
What is another name for the Cowper's gland? and what does it do?
|
the bulbourethral gland
secretes a pre-ejaculatory fluid to coat the lining of the urethra |
|
|
Historically, how was Hysteria perceived to be caused?
|
by the womb
|
|
|
Historically, Depression was thought to be caused by...
|
The womb.
|
|
|
For women, sexual desire often precedes desire, while for men the desire triggers the arousal.
True or False |
True
|
