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10 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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What is the glycemic index?
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The blood glucose response of a given food, compared to a standard. Glycemic index is influenced by starch structure, fiber content, food processing, physical structure, and macro-nutrients in the meal such as fat.
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What is the role of cholesterol in our body?
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It forms part of important hormones such as estrogen, testosterone, and a form of the active Vitamin D hormone.
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Is sugar bad?
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Answer: It all depends! Bad for foods with low nutrient density and low satiety per calorie.
- Also sugar can be bad for people with diabetes/hypoglycemia if there is a spike in blood sugar. - Diabetes/hypoglycemia are not caused by eating lots of sugars but can worsen conditions. |
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What is the order of sugars that can cause more tooth decay?
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Sucrose (cause more tooth decay) > glucose, sticky > non-sticky.
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What is non-hypoglycemia?
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- Not a long-term disease
- Transient fall in blood sugar (i.e. spike + fall)> overreaction to insulin. - Headache, irritability, decrease in concentration - Long term cardiovascular problems? Due to glucose-insulin, fructose. - Obesity? Due to glucose=insulin, fructose. |
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What is high fructose corn syrup?
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- 55% fructose/45% glucose.
- Cheaper than sucrose - Does not form crystals - Almost the same as sucrose or honey. - Some studies correlate obesity rise with rise in high fructose corn syrup but probably not direct relationship. - Almost same as sucrose or honey - Healthwise, probably about the same as sucrose. |
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What is dietary fiber?
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-Polysaccharides undigestable by air digestive enzymes
- Different types of mono-saccharides & arrangements - Insoluble or soluble (dissolvable by water) - Different health effects for different fibers - Fiber is found in all plants, but some are real high and some are real low. |
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What are the physiological effects of fiber?
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In colon:
- Softens stools - Draws water (fiber help make stool fluid) - Speeds up waste transit (make regular - Tones muscles - Binds chemicals (decrease in body toxins and carry out) In small intestine: - Slow digestion/absorption |
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What are possible health effects of fiber?
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- Reduces colon cancer risk
- Reduce Diverticulitis risk - Reduces constipation - Reduces diarrhea (only for very select fibers) -Reduce diabetes/hypoglycemia symptoms - Lower risk of cardiovascular disease - Increase weight loss since slows down eating and increase satiety. Con of fiber is that it decreases iron absorption (bind and pull out). |
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What are lipids?
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-Fats and fat-like compounds
- Carbon detained (organic) molecules - Does not dissolve in water - Dissolve in organic solvent - Not many OH groups. |
