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47 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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When assessing pulse, it is important to take notice of: |
- the rhythm of the pulse (regular, regularly irregular or irregularly irregular) |
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What age group would you expect to have the fastest respiratory rate? |
Infant |
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In blood pressure notation, two numbers are recorded (e.g. 100/60 mmHg). The SECOND number is the ____________ pressure which is the ___________ pressure in the arteries when the heart is relaxing and refilling with blood between beats. |
Diastolic Pressure |
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In blood pressure notation, two numbers are recorded (e.g. 100/60 mmHg). The FIRST number is the ____________ pressure which is the ___________ pressure in the arteries when the heart is relaxing and refilling with blood between beats. |
Systolic Pressure |
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When measuring blood pressure, the patient’s arm should be positioned; |
at the level of the heart |
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A faster than normal heart rate is called; |
Tachycardia |
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An adult patient is considered bradycardic if |
Pulse rate slower than lower limit for age |
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How would you describe respiratory rate of 24 breaths per minute? |
Tachypnoea |
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the condition in which the body maintains a relatively stable internal environment, within limits is called? |
Homeostasis |
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When your body temperature falls, you shiver to generate heat and this increases your temperature back to the normal range. This is an example of: |
Negative Feedback |
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In a feedback loop, effectors that bring about a change receive information from |
the control centre |
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blood vessels and sweat glands are ______ in the Homeostatic control of temperature? |
effector(s) |
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You need to measure the oral temperature of your patient and he has told you that he has just consumed a cup of coffee. What is the most appropriate action for you to take? |
Wait at least 15 minutes before taking the patient's temperature |
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What type of feedback mechanism helps to restore normal function when one of the body's physiological variables gets out of balance? |
Negative feedback |
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What are the stages of homeostasis? |
stimulus receptors effector response |
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How is heat exchanged between the body and the environment? (4) |
convection conduction evaporation |
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At what time of day is a client’s body temperature, likely to be the lowest? |
5am |
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How do you calculate a regular pulse rate? |
Count pulse for 30 seconds and multiply by 2 |
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When assessing a patient's respiratory rate, one breath consists of: |
one inhalation and one exhalation |
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Which vital sign is most susceptible to conscious control? |
respiration |
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The auscultatory gap is: |
the period when Korotkoff sounds can disappear during auscultation of blood pressure. |
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A slower than normal heart rate is called |
Bradycardia |
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Tachypnoea in an adult patient is defined as: |
a respiratory rate greater than 20 breaths per minute |
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How would you describe pulse rate of 98 beats per minute in a 50yr old female? |
Within normal limits |
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What are the traditional vital signs? (4) |
Temperature |
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Why are vital signs 'vital'? |
They are indicators of a functioning cardiovascular, respiratory, nervous and endocrine systems
Disease, Trauma, Infection etc can alter vital signs |
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Why is it important to assess vital signs? (5) |
- establish baseline - monitor ask risk patients - can be an early warning sign of deterioration - evaluate in relation to clinical interventaions |
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Body Temperature reflects the balance between; (3)
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Heat Production |
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What is the name of the control center for temperature regulation? |
Hypothalamus
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Where is the Axillary Temperature taken?
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Under the arm |
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Where is the Tympanic Temperature taken? |
Ear (Tympanic Membrane)
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What are 5 common sites temperature can be taken? |
Axillary, Oral, Rectal, Tympanic(ear), Forehead |
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What are the words used to describe High and Low temperature, and what are the ranges?
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Hyperthermia - above 38.5'c (High Temp) |
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What is Respiration? |
Respiration is the group of processes that provide the bodys cells with oxygen and remove carbon dioxide. |
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What is the name of the control center for respiratory regulation? |
Medulla Oblongata |
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What do chemo-receptors do? |
measure a chemical level |
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When assessing a respiratory rate, what do we look for? (4) |
- Rate |
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What is the normal range for respiratory rate in an adult? |
12 - 20 breaths per minute |
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What words are used to describe respiratory rate, and what do they mean? (3) |
Tachypnoea - above 20 breaths per min Apnoea - absence of breathing for 10+ seconds |
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What is a Pulse? |
Pressure wave caused by distension(swelling) andrecoil(shrinking) of the walls of arteries as blood is ejected from the heartwith each heart beat. |
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When assessing the pulse what do we look for? (3) |
Pulse Rate Pulse Rhythm |
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What words are used to describe pulse rate, and what do they mean? (3) |
Tachycardia - Above normal rate for age.
Adult +100 beats/min
Asystole - absence of pulse (all pulses) |
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What is blood pressure? |
Arterial blood pressure is the force that blood exerts against the wall of an artery due to the pumping of the heart |
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What is the name of the control center for the cardiovascular regulation? |
Medulla Oblongata |
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What is systolic pressure? |
Maximum pressure in the arteries when the heart contracts and blood is pumped out of the heart |
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What is diastolic pressure? |
Minimum pressure in the arteries when the heart contracts and blood is pumped out of the heart |
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What are two abnormal findings in an adult when taking blood pressure? |
Hypertension systolic= 140 or below Diastolic = below 90 Hypotension Systolic = above 90 Diastolic =above 60 |
