Griffin Tech Ahs 101 Chp 13 A&p Heart

Front 1

The continous one way circuit of blood through the body in the blood vessels is known as?

Back 1

Circulation

Front 2

The prime mover that propels blood throughout the body is?

Back 2

Heart

Front 3

How many pumps per minute does the heart pump?

Back 3

average 72

Front 4

The pointed, inferior portion of the heart is the?

Back 4

apex

Front 5

The broad, superior portion of the heart is the?

Back 5

Base

Front 6

Is the area of attachment for the large vessels carrying blood into and out of the heart?

Back 6

Base

Front 7

Name the three types of different layers lining the heart?

Back 7

Endocardium, myocardium, epicardium

Front 8

The thin smooth layer of epithelial cells that line the hearts interior?

Back 8

Endocardium

Front 9

Provides a smooth surface for easy flow as blood travels through the heart?

Back 9

Endocardium

Front 10

Extension of this membrane that covers flaps (cusps) of the heart valves?

Back 10

Endocardium

Front 11

The HEART muscle?

Back 11

Myocardium

Front 12

The thickest layer that pumps blood through the vessels?

Back 12

Myocardium

Front 13

A serous membrane that forms the thin, outermost layer of the heart wall?

Back 13

Epicardium

Front 14

The sac that encloses the heart?

Back 14

Pericardium

Front 15

The outermost layer of the pericardium?

Back 15

Fibrous pericardium

Front 16

What type of tissue anchors the pericardial layer, thus holding the heart in place?

Back 16

Connective tissue

Front 17

The outer layer of the serous membrane?

Back 17

Parietal layer

Front 18

The inner layer of the serous membrane?

Back 18

Visceral layer (epicardium)

Front 19

The epicardium is also known as?

Back 19

Visceral layer (epicardium)

Front 20

What is the main function of the paricardial cavity?

Back 20

A thin layer of fluid that reduces friction between the Parietal pericardium and the Visceral pericardium

Front 21

Covers the heart and lines the fibrous pericardium?

Back 21

Serous pericardium

Front 22

Cardiac muscle cells have a single?

Back 22

Nucleus

Front 23

Modified plasma membranes that firmly attach adjacent cells to each other but allow for rapid transfer of electrical impulses?

Back 23

Intercalated Disks

Front 24

The intercalated disks and the________cellular networks allow cardian muscle to contract in a coordinated manner?

Back 24

Branching

Front 25

Side of the heart that is responsible for pumping deoxygenated blood to pulmonary circuit?

Back 25

Right

Front 26

Side of the heart that is responsible for pumping oxygenated blood to the systemic circuit?

Back 26

Left

Front 27

The upper chambers of the heart are called?

Back 27

Atria

Front 28

The lower chambers of the heart are called?

Back 28

ventricles

Front 29

Are mainly blood receiving chambers?

Back 29

Atria

Front 30

Are forceful pumps?

Back 30

Ventricles

Front 31

Brings deoxygenated blood from the head, chest, and arms?

Back 31

Superior vena cava

Front 32

Brings deoxygenated blood from the trunk and the legs?

Back 32

Inferior vena cava

Front 33

A thin walled chamber that recieves blood returning from the body tissues?

Back 33

Right Atrium

Front 34

Pumps the venous blood from the right atria to the lungs?

Back 34

Right Ventricle

Front 35

A vessel that takes blood from the heart to the tissues?

Back 35

Arteries

Front 36

The right ventricular connects with?

Back 36

pulmonary trunk

Front 37

Divided into the left and right pulmonary arteries?

Back 37

pulmonary trunk

Front 38

Recieves blood high in oxygen content from the lungs in pulmonary veins?

Back 38

Left atrium

Front 39

The only veins in the body that carry oxygenated blood?

Back 39

Pulmonary veins

Front 40

The chamber with the thickest wall?

Back 40

Left ventricle

Front 41

Pumps oxygenated blood to all parts of the body?

Back 41

Left ventricle

Front 42

Connects with the aorta via the aortic valve??

Back 42

L ventricle

Front 43

The largest artery in the body?

Back 43

Aorta

Front 44

The hearts apex is formed by the wall of?

Back 44

Left ventricle

Front 45

Separates the two atria?

Back 45

Interatrial septum

Front 46

Separates the two ventricles?

Back 46

Interventricular septum

Front 47

The septa consists largely of?

Back 47

myocardium

Front 48

The entrance valves in the heart are named?

Back 48

Atrioventricular valves

Front 49

The exit valves in the heart are named?

Back 49

Semilunar

Front 50

Has three cusps, or flaps?

Back 50

Tricuspid Valve

Front 51

When this valve is open, blood flows freely from the R atrium into the R ventricle?

Back 51

Tricuspid Valve

Front 52

What prevents blood from re-entering the R Atrium?

Back 52

Tricuspid Valve, because the valve is closed by blood squeezed backward against the cusps

Front 53

Has two heavy cusps that permit blood to flow freely from the L atrium to the L ventricle?

Back 53

Bicuspid or mitral valve

Front 54

Thin fibrous threads that attach R/L AV valves to the muscles in the walls of the ventricles?

Back 54

Chordae tendineae

Front 55

Their function is to stabilize the valve flaps when the ventricles contract so that the force of the blood will not push them up into the atria?

Back 55

Chordea tendineae

Front 56

A semilunar valve located between the R ventricle and the pulmonary trunk?

Back 56

Pulmonary Valve

Front 57

The high pressure in the pulmonary artery is described as?

Back 57

Back pressure

Front 58

A semilunar valve located between the left ventricle and the aorta?

Back 58

Aortic valve

Front 59

Receives blood from the vena cavea and the coronary sinus?

Back 59

R Atrium

Front 60

Receives blood from the R atrium and pumps blood into the pulmonary artery?

Back 60

R Ventricle

Front 61

The only membraneous layer that contact blood?

Back 61

Endocardium

Front 62

The membrane that has its own blood vessels and nutrient source?

Back 62

Myocardium

Front 63

The blood vessels in the myocardium provide?

Back 63

coronary circulation

Front 64

The main arteries that supply blood to the heart are?

Back 64

R/L coronary arteries

Front 65

Valves responsible for systole?

Back 65

R AV Valve or tricuspid valve and L AV valve or bicuspid

Front 66

Prevents blood from flowing back up into the R atrium when the R ventricle contrasts?

Back 66

Tricuspid

Front 67

Prevents blood from flowing back up into the L atrium when the L ventricle cotnracts?

Back 67

Bicuspid or mitral

Front 68

Prevents blood from flowing back into the R ventricle when the R ventricle relaxes?

Back 68

Pulmonary semi=lunar valve

Front 69

Valves responsible for diastole?

Back 69

Pulmonary semi-lunar and Aortic semi-lunar valves

Front 70

Prevents blood from flowing back into the L ventricle when the L ventricle relaxes?

Back 70

Aortic semi-lunar valve

Front 71

A dialated vein that opens into the R atrium near the inferior vena cava?

Back 71

Coronary sinus

Front 72

The contraction phase of the cardiac cycle is called?

Back 72

systole

Front 73

The resting period of the cardiac cycle is called?

Back 73

Diastole

Front 74

One complete sequence of heart contraction and relaxation is called?

Back 74

cardiac cycle

Front 75

A cardiac cycle at REST takes an average of ?

Back 75

0.8 seconds

Front 76

The volume of blood pumped by each ventricle in 1 minute is termed?

Back 76

Cardiac output (CO)

Front 77

The volume of blood ejected from the ventricle with each beat?

Back 77

Stroke volume (SV)

Front 78

The number of times the heart beats per minute?

Back 78

Heart Rate (HR)

Front 79

CO=HRx?

Back 79

SV Stoke volume

Front 80

Located in the upper wall of the R atrium in a small depression called a sinus?

Back 80

Sinoatrial node (SA)

Front 81

This node initiates the heartbeats by generating an action potential at regular intervals?

Back 81

SA node

Front 82

Called the pacemaker of the heart?

Back 82

SA node

Front 83

This node is located in the interatrial septum at the bottom of the R atrium?

Back 83

AV node (atriocentricular)

Front 84

The AV bundle located at the top of the interventricular septum?

Back 84

The bundle of His

Front 85

The node that has branches that extend to all parts of the ventricular wall?

Back 85

Bundle of his

Front 86

Fibers travel down both sides of the interventricular septum in groups called?

Back 86

Right and Left bundle branches

Front 87

Type of fibers travel in a branching network throughout the myocardium of the ventricles, also called conduction myofibers?

Back 87

Purkinje fibers

Front 88

Allows the rapid flow of impulses throughout the heart muscle?

Back 88

intercalated disks

Front 89

Fibers in the wall of the atrium makeup _________ pathways?

Back 89

Internodal pathways

Front 90

What is the conduction pathway of the heart?

Back 90

SA node, atria contract, AV node, bundle of his, bundle branches, purkinje fibers, ventricular musculature contracts (same time)

Front 91

A normal rhythm originating at the SA node is termed?

Back 91

sinus rhythm

Front 92

What is the name of the parasympathetic nerve that supplies the heart?

Back 92

cranial nerve X (10)

Front 93

Sympathetic has what effect on the heart, Parasympathetic has what effect on the heart?

Back 93

Sympathetic (Flight or fight= increase heart rate) Parasympathetic (decrease heart rate to return to homeostasis)

Front 94

A regular variation in heart rate caused by changes in the rate of the depth of breathing, a normal phenomenon?

Back 94

Sinus arrythmia

Front 95

A beat that comes before the expected normal beat, also called extrasystole?

Back 95

Premature beat

Front 96

The Lupp in a heart beat is due to?

Back 96

AV Valves closing

Front 97

The Dupp in a heart beat is due to?

Back 97

Semilunar valves closing

Front 98

An abnormal sound due to a faulty action of a valve?

Back 98

Murmur

Front 99

An abnormal sound caused by any structural change in the heart or vessels connected with the heart is?

Back 99

organic murmur

Front 100

Normal sounds of the heart?

Back 100

Functional murmurs

Front 101

What system exerts the main influence on the rate and strength of heart contractions?

Back 101

ANS

Front 102

Used to record the electrical changes produced as the heart muscle contracts?

Back 102

EKG or ECG

Front 103

P waves in the EKG represent what?

Back 103

Activity in the Atria

Front 104

QRS and T waves represent what?

Back 104

Ventricular activity

Front 105

An instrument used to examine deep structures with x-rays?

Back 105

Fluoroscope

Front 106

HDL=

Back 106

Highdensity lipoprotein

Front 107

LDL=

Back 107

Low density lipoprotein

Front 108

VLDL=

Back 108

very low density lipoprotein

Front 109

VLDL is converted to?

Back 109

LDL

Front 110

Carry cholesteral from the liver to the tissues?

Back 110

LDL

Front 111

Removes cholesteral from the tissues?

Back 111

HDL

Front 112

High levels of LDL indicate?

Back 112

arteries can become clogged, removal of cholesteral by HDL is not sufficient

Front 113

High levels of HDL indicate?

Back 113

Effecient removal of arterial plaques

Front 114

Saturated fats increase what type of cholesterol?

Back 114

LDL

Front 115

Unsaturated fats lower what type of cholesterol?

Back 115

LDL

Front 116

Consists of sound waves generated at a frquency above the range of sensitivity of the human ear?

Back 116

Ultrasound

Front 117

High frequency sound waves are sent to the heart from a small instrument on the surface of the chest known as?

Back 117

echocardiography

Front 118

echocardiography is known as?

Back 118

ultrasound cardiography

Front 119

Located below left ventricle and aorta?

Back 119

aortic valve

Front 120

Located between Right ventricle and pulmonary artery?

Back 120

Pulmonary valve

Front 121

First branches of the aorta; fill when heart relaxes?

Back 121

Coronary arteries

Front 122

Collects venous blood from the heart and empties into the R atrium?

Back 122

Coronary sinus