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31 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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what is a government?
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an institution through which a society enforces policies
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what is a public policy?
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anything the government decides to do
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what does the legislative branch do?
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makes laws
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what does the judicial branch do?
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interprets the laws
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what does the executive branch do?
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enforces laws
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what are the 6 parts of the preamble?
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Form a perfect union
Establish justice Insure domestic tranquility Provide for common defense Promote general welfare Secure the blessings of freedom |
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what is a state?
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body of people living in a defined territory organized within a government
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what is sovereignty?
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the state is in charge of its own destiny
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what is a nation?
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sizable group of people who are united through race, religion, language, & tradition
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what is a country?
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a geographic term not and ethnic term like nation
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explain Evolutionary theory
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claims that state developed naturally out of early family
example- cherokee tribe |
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explain the divine right theory
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says that God created the state and God has given those of royal birth the right to rule
ex- king louis XIV |
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explain force theory
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believed that one person claimed control over an area and forced all within it to submit to that rule
ex-alexander the great |
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explain social contract
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by contract, people within a given area are agreed to five up to the state as much power as was needed to promote the safety of all
ex- first people in america couldnt just make laws |
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explain who hobbes was
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pessimistic; believed government existed to protect people from their natural wickedness; believed social contract couldnt be broken
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explain who locke was
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optimistic; said humans were creatures of reason & werent wicked;the social contracts purpose was to protect our rights as citizens; once contract was broken people were free to forge a new contract
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explain rousseau
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all people have a voice in their government; only laws that people must obey are laws that they made for themselves
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what 3 ideas did the english colonists bring with them?
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1. Ordered Govt
2. Created Limited Govt (certain rights cant be taken away) 3. Representative Govt (citizens should have a vote) |
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Explain the magna carta
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defines monarchy as not having absolute power
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explain the petition of right
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challenged the divine right of the kings; stated that everyone must abide by law; king couldnt punish any person except through the judgement of peers
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explain the english bill of rights
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monarch cant suspend laws without parliamentary consent; parliament is in control of money; its a right for the subjects to petition the king
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autocracy
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dictatorship where a single person is powerful
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oligarchy
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a small group of people have power
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unitary govt
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centralized govt where power is held by the govt; only have power the govt gives them
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federal govt
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power of govt is split up between a central govt and a lot of local govts
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confederation
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independent states become an alliance
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presidential govt
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a separation of powers between the executive and the legislative branches of govt
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parliamentary govt
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made up of the prime minister and that official's cabinet
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free enterprise system
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privately owns capital's good, investments, and success in the marketplace
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law of supply and demand
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states that when supplies become plentiful, prices tend to drop
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mixed economy
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economy where private enterprise and govt regulation are combined
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