Fossil Fuels

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something that can be burned to realease heat and light energy.

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Fuel

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energy-rich substances formed fromnthe remains of living organisms.

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Fossil Fuels

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changed remains of these organisms into other substances

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heat and pressure

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provides more energy per kilogram

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burning fossil fuels

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processed to make something chemically distinct fromhow they were harvested from a natural resources

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Natural or Primary fuels

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derived from primary energy sources. These fuels are easier for engines to burn, so are often made from crude oil as a way of getting the most energy out as possible.

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Artificial or Secondary fuels

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solid fossil fuels formed plant remains sedimentary rocks

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Coal

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broken bits of rocks end up in rivers, stream and lakes

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sedimentary rocks

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covered with sand and mud

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peat

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highest form of coal

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bituminous coal

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highest heat and energy content coal (purest form)

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anthracite

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fuel with a high carbon content and few impurities, made by heating coal in the absence of air.

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Coke fuel

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the solid carbonaceous material derived from destructive distillation of low-ash, low-sulphur bituminous coal.

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coke fuel

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derived from oil refinery cokes units or other cracking processes.

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petroleum coke or pet coke

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coke used in preparation of producer gas which is a mixture____

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carbon monoxide and nitrogen

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produced by passing air over re-hot coke.

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producer gas

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classification of Crude oils

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1. paraffinic oil

2. paraffinic-nephthenic oil

3. aromatic intermediate oil

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rich in paraffins

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paraffinic oil

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the can have nearly equal amounts of paraffins and napthenese which together make up more than 50% of the crude

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paraffinic-nephthenic oil

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they can have subequal amount of paraffins and nephtheness, which total less than 50% and the composition is dominated by the aromaties and asphalteness

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Aromatic intermediate oil

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compounds made from oil used to make plastic, paints, medicines, and cosmetics.

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Petrochemicals