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28 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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How did early European colonizers feel about their culture compared to Native American culture |
European colonizers insisted that they brought the benefits of civilization to primitive and savage Native Americans |
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How did native Americans feel about their own culture and about the prospect of adopting European culture |
Native Americans insisted in the value of their own traditions and institution Indians resisted European culture at every encounter. Indian woman were resistant to Christian persuasion because they cling to polygamy. European attempts to provide Indians with European education also met with resistance |
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How did Europeans craft their history of the conquest and settlement of North America what consequence did this view of colonial history have on the Indians |
in a manner that depicted heroic adventures, missionaries and soldiers sharing western civilization with soldiers sharing western civilization with native people of the new world and opening a vast virgin land to economic development |
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What event in Europe helped set the stage for colonization in the new world |
The new monarchs centralized their authority by collecting taxes, raised armies, created national courts and began the process of Marion state building without them, European countries could not have produced the financial and military resource necessary for exploration and colonization |
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Why Vikings colonization of North America failed |
Natives they encountered were hostile Poor lines of communication and climate cooling made colonization difficult Scandinavian political upheaval made it impossible to establish distant outpast |
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What three factors caused English men to migrate and colonize America? |
1.english population growth from 3.5 million to 5 million strained the food supply + drive prices up 2. Poverty was a key factor driving the English settlers to the new world in search for a better life 3. Civil war in England and religious strife also contributed to the migration |
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Why was the survival rate of people living in New England much greater than the colonist living in Virginia? |
1.nuclear family settlement 2. Better drinking water 3.colder climate to reduce disease 4. Their religious conviction |
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Identify some of the practices of the Quaker’s that caused people in England and in the American colonies to look down on and consider them to be dangerous people |
1.humility 2.simple dress 3.didn’t cover Worldly goods 4.pacifism 5.refusal to swear oaths in courts of law 6. Martyrdom
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Starving time |
Desperate colonist resorted to cannibalism |
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Indentured servants |
In exchange for passage to America England’s, laborers came as “indentured servants” they signed contracts of indenture in which they agreed to work for their masters. In return they were cared for and at the conclusion of their indenture they were given tools and clothes + promised land to start independent + tobacco farms |
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Inner light |
Fox believed in the inner light and said god endowed people with it to inspire them to greatness |
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Why was family life at risk in the shortage of woman increase their bargaining power for marriage |
1.Settlement of Chesapeake colonies was not the same as the family unit that characterized New England 2.settlers came as unmarried indentured servants who were cut off from the traditional family life they knew in England 3.the labor contracts indentured signed in exchange for passage to America ranged from 5-7 years male indentures were from 18-22 years old |
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Shortage of woman increased their bargaining power for marriage by: (ratio was 6:1) |
1.no parent consent was required for marriage 2.woman freely choose who they wanted to marry 3.woman who lacked beauty, strength or moral character need not worry about finding a husband since there were six times more males than females 4.woman found it easier to improve their social standing because they had a better chance of marrying a man from a higher class |
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Identify at least four reasons why African slavery came to English colonies in America |
1.serious labor shortages existed on the plantation 2.attempts to enslave the American Indian failed miserably 3.the supply of indentured servants dwindled over time 4.the economic prosperity of the triangular trade rode on the backs and labor of Africans who produced rice, sugar and tobacco |
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The New England primer |
The “ New England primer” published first in 1960 in Boston by Benjamin Harris taught children the alphabet and the lords prayers |
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Outlandish negroes |
Newly arrived slaves from Africa |
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In what two ways did Britain’s victory over their French colonial rivals in the French and Indian war in 1763 lead to greater tension between the English government and American colonial leaders |
1.without the threat of France, Americans were less dependent on Britain for military protection helping to foster an independent attitude 2. The war left Britain with an enormous debt. Americans were expected to pay for their share of the war in additional taxes to Britain but they were reluctant to do so |
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The great awakening |
spiritual awakening |
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Catos letter |
Reformist-minded publicist called common wealth men attempted to change the system. Men like John Trenchard and Thomas Gordon through the publication called catos letter |
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What two factors contributed to rising the tension between British and American political leader that helped bring on the American revolution |
The tension was hightened by sheer ignorance of an understanding of the colonies and England by British government officials in slow laborious communications across the Atlantic ocean lead to serious misunderstandings |
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Parliamentary sovereignty when it came to who had the authority to tax the colonies was a key cause of the American Revolution how were members of the English Parliament interpreting parliamentary sovereignty what did British parliamentary members mean when they argued that American colonials were “virtually represented” in parliament |
The British aristrocacy saw Parliament as the dominant force within the English constitution Parliament asserted it’s authority to protect rights and property against the abusive Stuart King and after the glorious revolution Parliament was considered supreme in matters of legislation and taxation Parliament was reluctant to share or divided supreme sovereign power to the American political leadership this attitude made no sense the colonials were supposed to be totally dependent on the decision-making of Parliament Americans insisted that the colonial legislators were also sovereign and meaningful to the political process throughout the colonial period It was their legislature not the parliament the passed laws for them to live by |
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Virtual representation |
Americans criticized the virtual representation argument men like John Adams argue that in order for representatives to be legitimate they must be elected by the people for whom they spoke parliamentary members didn’t even know the American for whom they spoke and therefore had no right to represent let alone text them |
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American political leaders took the idea of English philosopher John Locke and his two treaties of government seriously what ideas of John Locke were they using to justify that they had the right to rebellion against Britain |
natural rights of individuals to life liberty and the ownership of property and the need for government to protect those natural rights Government is a social contract with the people governed and when the political leadership fails to protect natural rights the government have the right to rebellion |
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Why were the Paxton boys considered to be disgrace in 18 century American colonial history |
When they threatened to go to Philadelphia to kill any political leader who condemned their crime the praise stopped |
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How did American political leaders respond to Parliament passage of the stamp act in 1765 in order to get the legislation repealed |
By not showing signs of weakness to the Americans Parliament passed the declaration and also in March reminding the colonies of parliamentary supplements supremacy |
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How did British customs official in colonial America assigned to enforce the Townshend duties abuse their authority |
By conducting searches and seizures in order to line their pockets |
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Why did parliament passed the tea act in 1773 and expect that American colonials would not oppose the tax why in fact did the Americans oppose the Tea act |
To rescue the financially troubled British East India Company Parliament passed the tea act in 1773 Britain anticipated that the act would be received favorably in America because it allows the company to sell directly to America at a reduced rate where colonials would buy the tea instead of more expensive Smuggled Dutch Tea Americans oppose the tea act because they interpreted the act as yet another attempt to tax the colonies without their consent since the British East India tea would be sold directly by their agent in America it threatened to undercut American merchants who profited from the sale of smuggled Dutch tea |
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What harsh measures were contained in the coercive act passed by the parliament after the Boston tea party |
The port of Boston was closed until the British East India was compensated The upper house of the Massachusetts legislator changed from an elected to an appointed body and town meeting were restricted to one a year |
