Final Exam

Front 1

food security : when everyone in a country have access to enough nutritious food to live active and healthy lives.

Back 1

famine : everybody in the entire area doesn’t have food and starving. Caused by earthquake, war.

Front 2

Malnutrition : people are not getting the nutrition they need.

Back 2

Availability : accessibility and availableness.

Front 3

Access : where are you gonna get your sources.

Back 3

Utilization : What kind of source you gonna use.

Front 4

Governance : How are you gonna manage.

Back 4

Extensive : Mostly organic, small scale farms.

Front 5

Intensive : Large amount of labor, fertilisers and hormones.

Back 5

commercial : grown to sell for profit.

Front 6

crop : grow plants (only plants)

Back 6

Pastoral : only animals, mainly free range

Front 7

subsistence : Families grow what they need

Back 7

Eutrophication : richness of nutrients in a lake or other body of water, frequently due to runoff from the land, which causes a dense growth of plant life and death of animal life from lack of oxygen.

Front 8

Green revolution : a large increase in crop production in developing countries achieved by the use of fertilizers, pesticides.

Back 8

Thailands sufficiency economy : create by king bhumibol in the 1970’s, idea that everyone should farm their own land sustainably.

Front 9

precipitation : water release from clouds. (rain)

Back 9

condensation : clouds form.

Front 10

evaporation : changed of water to gaseous form.

Back 10

transportation : movement of water from over the ocean to over land.

Front 11

interdependance : the relationships between all living things (including people) and their environment.

Back 11

4 steps of conflict solution : 1. provide meetings where all countries will be listened to. 2. Listen to different views and interests to help all countries get some of what they want. 3. Build trust and confidence. 4. Make decisions that most like, no more corruption.

Front 12

Direct usage : Direct water use is when you turn on a tap and water comes out. Such as : industrial, minning, general public supply.

Back 12

Indirect usage : water use that you aren't readily aware of.

Front 13

displacement : people have to move their place.

Back 13

water-borne disease : Diseases caused by ingesting water with feces.

Front 14

Water washed Diseases : Disease caused by poor personal hygiene and skin/eye contact with dirty water (includes scabies, trachoma, typhus and other flea, lice and tick-borne diseases)

Back 14

water-based diseases : Diseases caused by parasites found in organisms living in dirty water.

Front 15

Water related diseases : Diseases caused by insects, espcially mosquitoes, that breed or feed near dirty water.

Back 15

hygiene : practices conducive to maintaining health and preventing disease

Front 16

Chlorine resistant : is the way we clean water

Back 16

point source pollutant : you can point out where the pollution come from.

Front 17

non-point source pollutant : You don't know where the pollution come where.

Back 17

regional flood : occur seasonally, every year. Happen within an area.

Front 18

Flash : Happen fast, unexpected.

Back 18

ice jam : when ice blocks a river until there is too much water and ice dam breaks. Causes flash floods.

Front 19

Dam failure : when dam breaks water rush onto the ower area.

Back 19

Troposphere : closest to the surface of the earth 0-10 km. This is where weather happens. Colder as height increases.

Front 20

Stratosphere : contains the ozone layer (protects us from UVA and UVB), hotter as height increases.

Back 20

ozone layer : protects us from uv ray and greenhouse keep earth warm by trading the heat.

Front 21

Mesosphere : 50-100 km very hard to breathe here, this is where meteorites burn up, colder as height increases (can reach a low of 120 degree c )

Back 21

Thermosphere : 100- 400 km, hotter as height increases.

Front 22

Ionosphere : the layer of the earth's atmosphere that contains ions and is able to reflect radio waves.

Back 22

exosphere : the outermost region of a planet's atmosphere.

Front 23

insolation : incoming solar radiation, may be transmitted absorbed reflected or scattered before reaching earth’s surface.

Back 23

Angle of incident : angle at which insolation hits earth’s surface determined by where the sun is higher altitude = higher angle of incidence = more insolation absorbed lower altitude - lower angle of incidence = less insolation absorbed.

Front 24

Earth’s surface characteristics : specific heat is different for different materials land and water. land heats up faster and cools down more quickly than water.

Back 24

interactions of living things : energy from insolation causes water to change state, example : melt, evaporate. and affect plant growth, this makes the earth warmer.

Front 25

duration of day : the amount of insolation received changes with the length of the day longer day = more insolation received shorter day = less insolation received, depends on the location of the sun

Back 25

Greenhouse effect : the greenhouse effect is a natural process where the atmosphere traps some of sun’s energy, warming the earth enough to support life.

Front 26

Global warming : an increase in the average temperature of the earth’s atmosphere and oceans. Global temperature on both land and sea increased by 0.6oC over the past century.

Back 26

Jyoto protocol : world meeting to cut emission of greenhouse gases down, goal is to prevent future warming, all countries signed the bill except (USA). (ozone layer, it fixed it, reduce co2) except for china and America.

Front 27

Primary pollutant : is an air pollutant created directly from a source.

Back 27

secondary pollutant : is an air pollutant that created with other thing in atmosphere.

Front 28

carbon oxides : is a chemical compound consisting only of carbon and oxygen.

Back 28

Nitrogen oxides : are poisonous, highly reactive gases.

Front 29

sulfur oxides : are compounds of sulfur and oxygen molecules.

Back 29

hydrocarbons : a compound of hydrogen and carbon.

Front 30

Ozone : ozone in stratosphere is good, in troposphere is bad.

Back 30

Particulate matter : its a mixture of solid particles and liquid droplets found in the air.

Front 31

Wind : energy from the wind.

Back 31

Hydropower : the flowing water that generated into electricity.

Front 32

Solar : energy from the sun.

Back 32

Wave : waves are made by the wind.

Front 33

Biomass : energy from burning organic or living matter.

Back 33

geothermal : energy from the earth’s heat.

Front 34

conservation : Try to balance what humans need from the environment with the need to maintain wildlife habitats.

Back 34

forest management : We fix the effects of deforestation.

Front 35

Reforestation : replanting in sites that have been cut.

Back 35

Afforestation : planting in a new site ( if farmer want to change their land called “afforestation").

Front 36

Preservation : keeping part of the environment unchanged.

Back 36

reclamation : The restoration of damaged) example : beach

Front 37

Creation : producing new habitat.

Back 37

Small population approach : Loss of genetic variation among individuals in the population) ( genetic bottleneck : you either Extinction vortes. Exampels : Grizzly bears of Yellowtown National Park

Front 38

declining population approach : environment factors that cause population decline ( because you hunting then stop hunting). Example : red-cockaded woodpeckers of south Carolina. (no more woods)

Back 38

captive breeding : keeping them when they young let them go out when they are older.

Front 39

self-centred : always think about yourself.

Back 39

Anthropocentric : you care about other people than yourself.

Front 40

Biocentric : you care about other living thing other than human.

Back 40

ecosystem centered : you care about the environment that you live in.

Front 41

earth centred : we are part of nature and totally dependent on it, and nature exists for all species.

Back 41

Planetary management : we are apart from the rest of nature and can manage nature to meet our increasing needs and wants.

Front 42

stewardship : we have an ethical responsibility to be caring managers of the earth (responsible to care about this earth).

Back 42

environmental wisdom : we are a part of and totally dependent on nature, and nature exists for all species. (everyone has the right to exist).

Front 43

Free enterprise : government can’t get involve. Good : maximum profit ; Bad : corruption of environment.

Back 43

policies : is basically rules and laws.

Front 44

Full cost pricing : is where the price of a product is calculated by direct costs per unit of output plus the final products to cover overhead costs and profits.

Back 44

tragedy of the commons : is an economic problem in which every individual tries to take the greatest benefit from a given resource.

Front 45

EPA : Environmental Protection Agency is an agency that is protecting human health and the environment by writing and enforcing regulations based on laws.

Back 45

NEPA: making decisions on permit applications, adopting federal land management actions.

Front 46

environmental impact statements : required by the National Environmental Policy Act (NEPA) and fir any large scale change to the environmental.

Back 46

judicial branches : One of the three branches of government, which is responsible for interpreting laws.

Front 47

Executive : One of the three branches of government, which is responsible for carrying out laws.

Back 47

legislative : One of the three branches of government, which is responsible for creating laws.

Front 48

NGO : non-profit organisation’s job is to vote for informed and eco-friendly candidates run for local office propose and work for better solutions to environmental problems.

Back 48

Lobbyists : people who annoying them to make changes.

Front 49

Sustainability : conserving natural resources for the future.

Back 49

commercial explanation : Killing for our needs. Ex : beavers for fur, elephants for ivory.