Family Development

Front 1

Lamanna & Riedmann define family

Back 1

A family is any sexually expressive or parent-child or other kin relationship in which people, usually related by ancestry, marriage or adoption,Form an economic unit and care for any young,
Consider their identity to be significantly tied to the group, Commit to maintaining that group over time

Front 2

theories used primarily to do?

Back 2

Help us understand family situations
Explain behaviors
Predict likely outcomes (for family and family outcomes)

Front 3

Ecological System Theory

Back 3

Microsystem—daily context in which the individual lives
Mesosystem—connections between the daily contexts
Exosystem—Experiences outside of daily contexts that influence these contexts
Macrosystem—norms, values, ideologies of culture

Front 4

Structure / Functional

Back 4

states that Gender specialized development is optimal for the survival of the family and society
Men—instrumental tasks
Breadwinner, leadership, and decision making
Women—expressive tasks
Emotional, nurturing, childbearing
Less Conflict! It minimizes competition and ambiguity about who should fulfill what roles.

Front 5

Family Systems Theory

Back 5

The family is a system, and actions by one member affect everyone in the family
Sub-systems (Parent-Child, etc)
Families create boundaries around themselves and subsystems in order to establish roles for members and rules for family functioning
Systems tend toward equilibrium with the creation of these boundaries & are resistant to change
Disequilibrium (dysfunction) occurs when boundaries aren’t maintained
Families act to restore equilibrium by
Pushing members back to former positions
Changing relationships

Front 6

Social Exchange Theory

Back 6

exchange is regulated by norms of equity and that the pattern must be perceived as fair for the relationship to thrive
if it is NOT perceived as fair Change it
Convince of Equity
End it

Front 7

Family Decline Perspective?

Back 7

Cultural change is due to the self indulgences of the baby boom generation
Concern that the pursuit of self realization underlies the increase in divorce and unmarried parenthood and has undermined responsible parenting
Views changes in the age at first marriage, divorce, cohabitation, and nonmarital births and the decline in fertility as disastrous for the family

Front 8

The Conservative Perspective

Back 8

The breakdown of the two-parent, heterosexual nuclear family puts children and society at risk.
Parents are not invested in their children, which results in the moral and cultural weakening of society.

Front 9

The Liberal Perspective

Back 9

government-sponsored set of social services to meet the needs of family members.
Market economy w/ govn’t regulation
Promotion of job opportunities
Programs to eradicate poverty and poor health

Front 10

In what ways do the Liberal and Conservative perspective disagree?

Back 10

The Conservative places more of an emphasis on the dysfunction of family forms that differ from the nuclear.
Solutions aim to restore the nuclear family
The Liberal places more blame on the economy and the lack of support families face.
Solutions aim to provide govn’t services and economic changes to meet the needs of family members.

Front 11

characteristics that we find attractive

Back 11

Physical Characteristics
Personality Characteristics
Competence, Special Skills
Tangible Resources
Liking of, and agreement with, us

Front 12

How does matching account for who we will choose in a relationship?

Back 12

When given the choice, we will choose the date that matches our self-reported level of attractiveness, even if we know we could choose someone who is more/less attractive than us.

Front 13

How does the evolutionary perspective account for attraction?

Back 13

The Evolutionary Perspective believes that we find attractive those characteristics that indicate the potential for reproductive success with a person.

Front 14

How does compatibility affect attraction?

Back 14

We find attractive those characteristics that indicate a person is compatible with us.

Front 15

What is propinquity?
How does it affect attraction?

Back 15

Nearness in physical space
Exposure breeds liking

Front 16

What was “Courtly” love?

Back 16

Knights would attempt to win the favor of young women by performing courtship behaviors.

Front 17

How is romantic love different today than it was in the past?

Back 17

In the past, love was not the most important reason for marriage. Today, it is believed that love should exist before a couple gets married.

Front 18

What is the definition of love?

Back 18

Text:
…a deep and vital emotion that satisfies certain needs, combined with a caring for an acceptance of the beloved and resulting in an intimate relationship.
Class:
…a deep emotion that involves a caring for and acceptance of the beloved and significant need satisfaction, and that ideally results in an intimate relationship.

Front 19

emotional interdependence

Back 19

A relationship in which individuals retain a degree of autonomy and sense of self, yet simultaneously make strong commitments to each other.

Front 20

What are the three basic components of love according to Sternberg?

Back 20

Intimacy: warm, close connection
Passion: romance, attraction, sexuality
Commitment
Short-term: decision that it is love
Long-term: commitment to maintain love

Front 21

What develops first in Sternberg’s Triangular theory of Love?
What is not affected by time?

Back 21

Passion develops most quickly and declines most over time.
Commitment is not as affected by the passage of time.

Front 22

What are the three attachment styles?

Back 22

Secure
Faith in partner, self-confidence, & sociability
Anxious/Ambivalent
Unsure of partner, worry they will leave, want to merge completely
Avoidant
Unsure of partner, detached, uncomfortable with closeness, fear of dependence

Front 23

What are the three primary emotional systems according to the Evolutionary-Anthropological perspective?

Back 23

The sex drive
Romantic love
Attachement

Front 24

What is commitment?

Back 24

The intent to continue a relationship into the future.

Front 25

How did Kelley compare love and commitment?

Back 25

Love = positive feelings
Commitment = positive feelings + Constraints

Front 26

What are the three determinants of commitment?

Back 26

Satisfaction
Rewards-Costs, relative to CL
Alternatives
Rewards-Costs, relative to CL for alternatives
Investment Size
Extrinsic
Intrinsic

Front 27

What predicts whether abused spouses go back or leave?

Back 27

Investments & alternatives
Lack of satisfaction

Front 28

What is the difference between dating and courtship?

Back 28

Dating is when two individuals engage in activities together.
Courtship is the process by which a commitment (to marriage) develops.

Front 29

What are our pool of eligibles?

Back 29

Those physically available to us
Those whom our culture approves of as potential partners.

Front 30

Endogamy

Back 30

the cultural requirement to marry within a particular group.

Front 31

Exogamy

Back 31

the cultural requirement to marry outside of a particular group.

Front 32

What is the main belief of the compatibility theory?

Back 32

A single dimension of the relationship, degree of compatibility, operates over the length of premarital relationship to influence mate choice.

Front 33

What are the three stages of SVR?

Back 33

Stimulus Stage
Interaction depends on physical attraction
Values Stage
Partners compare their physical values and determine whether these are appropriately matched
Role Compatibility
Prospective spouses test and negotiate how they will play their respective marital and leisure roles

Front 34

What are some of the reasons for increases in rates of single adults?

Back 34

More people putting off marriage until they are older
Economic changes make marriage less attractive
Improved contraception allows for sex outside of married relationship
Sex ratios affect odds of finding spouse
More positive attitudes about being single

Front 35

US Census Bureau
Family

Back 35

any two or more persons related by birth, marriage, or adoption residing together in one household

Front 36

nuclear family

Back 36

A husband, wife, and children in an independent household

Front 37

Ecological Theory

Back 37

focuses on the connections between the family and the environment

Front 38

Family Development

Back 38

relationships qualitatively change during transitions between stages

Front 39

From the Structure / Functional Theory—when is a family considered dysfunctional?

Back 39

When it has a detrimental effect on society (not meeting the 4 major functions of family)

Front 40

Longitudinal Research Design

Back 40

Advantage: can get at developmental change
Disadvantage: time consuming and expensive, attrition (drop out of subjects), can influence the way people act or answer questions

Front 41

matching hypothesis

Back 41

When given the chance, we choose a date that matches self reported level of attractiveness, regardless of whether or not they thought the date might reject them

Front 42

Love in textbook

Back 42

a deep and vital emotion resulting from significant need for satisfaction, coupled with a caring for and acceptance of the beloved, and resulting in an intimate relationship. Love may make the world go ‘round, but it’s a lot of work too

Front 43

Love in class

Back 43

A deep emotion (highest emphasis) that involves a caring for and acceptance (for who they are) of the beloved and significant need satisfaction (not selfless, we get our feelings met too), and that ideal results in an intimate relationship (which is the goal

Front 44

When did Love become the basis for most marriages?

Back 44

1500 to 1600 AD

Front 45

Homogamy

Back 45

the tendency to choose a mate with characteristics similar to our own

Front 46

Interpersonal Process Theory

Back 46

This theory states that compatibility and interaction create the nature of the relationship and shapes commitment.