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19 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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What is one of the major causes of injury in sports?
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Improper Conditioning
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What are the Responsibilities of the Athletic Trainer?
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Rehabilitation of the athlete...making sure they check over the conditioning program of the coach and communicating with them about how it should be modified.
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What are the Principles of Conditioning?
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Safety
Warm-up/Cool-down Motivation Overload and SAID principle Consistency/routine Progression Intensity Specificity Individuality Relaxation/Minimize Stress |
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What is the SAID principle?
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Specific Adaptation to Imposed Demands
Directly related to the principle of overload When the body is subjected to stresses and overloads of varying intensities, it will gradually adapt over time to overcome whatever demands are placed on it |
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What are the benefits of a warm up and how is it carried out?
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A good 10-15 minutes warm-up may improve performance by
Gradually stimulate the cardio respiratory system ↑the blood flow to working skeletal muscles ↑muscle temperature ↑the elasticity of the muscle ↓the viscosity Should not wait >15 minutes to begin the main sports activity Little data-based research to support the efficacy of a warm-up |
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What are the benefits of a cool down and how is it carried out?
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Enables the body to cool and return to a resting state
5-10 minutes ↓blood and muscle lactic acid levels more rapidly With stretch—fewer muscle soreness |
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What is flexibility and what happens if an athlete lacks flexibility?
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The ability to move a joint or series of joints smoothly and easily throughout a full range of motion
Lack of flexibility results in uncoordinated movement Predisposes the athlete to muscle strain |
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What are factors that limit flexibility?
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Bony structure
Excessive fat Muscles and their tendons Most often responsible for limiting ROM Connective tissue Ligaments, joint capsule Neural tissue tightness By acute compression, muscle imbalances… |
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What are the two different types of Range of Motion (ROM)?
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Active range of motion (AROM)
The degree to which a joint can be moved by a muscle contraction Passive range of motion (PROM) The degree to which a joint may be passively moved to the endpoints in the range of motion Generally, AROM<PROM |
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What is Ballistic Stretching?
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Ballistic stretching
Repetitive bouncing motion |
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What is Static Stretching?
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Static stretching
Stretch and hold a muscle group Hold 3-30 seconds, 3-4 times |
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What is PNF stretching?
(may be extra credit) |
PNF stretching
Proprioceptive neuromuscular facilitation Alternating contraction and stretching |
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What are Agonist Muscles?
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The muscle that contracts to produce a movement
example Quadriceps |
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What are Antagonist Muscles?
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The muscle being stretched in response to contraction of the agonist muscle
example Hamstring |
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What is the function of the hamstring and what kind of muscle is it?
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Hamstring
Extend hip joint Flex knee joint Antagonist when hamstring is being stretched |
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What is the function of the quadricep and what kind of muscle is it?
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Flex hip joint
Extend knee joint Agonist when hamstring is being stretched |
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What is the muscle spindle?
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Muscle spindle
Sensitive to… Muscle length Reflex contraction |
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What is the Gorgi Tendon Organ?
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Gorgi tendon organ
Sensitive to… Muscle length Reflex relaxation Override the impulses from MS Muscle tension Autogenic Relaxation |
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What are Inhibitions?
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Autogenic inhibition by GTO
The relaxation of the antagonist (hamstring) muscle during contraction (utilized in PNF stretch) Reciprocal inhibition A contraction of the agonist (quad) will produce relaxation in the antagonist (hamstring) |
