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30 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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carbon monoxide is a natural pollutant when present above normal concentration which is________ppmv. ______% comes from anthropogenic sources. it's a product from internal combustion controlled by______converters. ______is a sink for CO |
0.1 catalytic 6 catalytic soil soil |
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removal of carbon monoxide from atmosphere net reaction |
CO + NO + 2OOH = CO2 + NO2 + 2OH |
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the net reaction for sulfur containing species in the atmosphere |
2H2S + 3O2 = 2SO2 + 2H2O |
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oxidation number of H2S |
-2 |
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oxidation number of SO2 |
+ 4 |
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what five factors affect SO2 reactions in the atmosphere |
1 temperature 2 humidity 3 light intensity 4 atmospheric transport 5 particulate matter interactions |
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what is the oxidation state of h2 so4 |
+ 6 |
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what three types of chemical reactions SO2 occur |
photochemical reactions, direct chemical reactions, reaction on solid particulate matter |
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photochemical reactions of SO2 are _____and not______ |
direct significant |
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direct chemical reactions of SO2 react with_____& ______& ______ |
NOx hydrocarbons and water |
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SO2 reactions on solid particulate matter are_________ catalytic oxidation |
heterogeneous |
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species capable of oxidizing SO2 |
oh, ooh, o, 03, h202, anything with oxygen |
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4 reactions of SO2 that forms inside water droplets |
SO2 + H2O = H2SO3 SO2 + H2O2 = H2SO4 SO3 2- + O3 = SO4 2- + O2 SO2 +H2O +NH3 = NH4+ HSO3- |
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what is the main costly effect of SO2 pollution |
results in H2O soluble rocks affects the structural integrity of buildings |
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the most preferred removal of SO2 uses dry sorbents what are the three |
limestone CaCO3 lime CA (oh)2; MgO soda ash na2 CO3 |
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the two removal reaction using lime slurry scrubbing adaptation of SO2 |
caoh2 + SO2= CaSO3 + H2O (creates lots of waste) CaSO3 + 1/2 O2 + 2 H2O = caso4 x 2 H2O (gypsum) |
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removal reaction of SO2 using limestone slurry scrubbing |
CaCO3 + SO2 = Caso 3 + CO2 |
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recovery systems are much more desirable what is the reaction of SO2 removal with syn gas |
2 H2S + SO2 = 2H2O + 3S |
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n o x and other reactive inorganic and species are very important in the atmosphere because they form photochemical _____ production of ____ ______ and depletion of the stratospheric_____ |
smog acid rain ozone |
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the amount of n2o _____ with altitude in the stratosphere |
decreases |
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NO and NO2 are very important in the atmosphere because at high concentrations and no2 ______ air quality. primary source of pollutant comes from________ |
deteriorates combustion of fossil fuels |
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pan stands for and what is it responsible for in the atmosphere |
peroxyacyl nitrates it is responsible for smog |
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no2 is very reactive it easily _______ and absorbs UV light and vist spectrum in the troposphere at _____ energies |
photo dissociates lower |
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acute exposure to no.2 can be fatal in concentrations above |
150 ppmv |
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control of nox in the atmosphere can be done by 5 combustion modifications |
1 reduction of flame temperature 2 low excess firing 3 wet scrubbing 4 selective non-catalytic reduction 5 selective catalytic reduction |
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reduction of flame temperature ________the exhaust gas |
recirculates |
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low excess firing combustion of fossil fuels in stages ______ amount of excess Air at high temps and second burn out at ______ temps but a higher oxygen content |
minimum, lower |
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wet scrubbing sorption processes removal of___&_____ NO has to be converted to water_____species is not great if you want to remove only______ |
NOx and SOx soluble NOx scrubbing solution used caoh2, mg oh2 |
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selective non catalytic reduction addition of_______at very hot temperatures reaction produces no______ has _____ efficiency |
ammonia or urea waste low 20 to 60% |
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selective catalytic reduction catalytic _______of NO rxn NOx reduced by ______-_____% only if catalyst is _______&______ |
decomposition CH4 + 4NO = 2N2 + CO2 + H2O 80 TO 95 SUFFICIENT AND GOOD CONDITION |
