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26 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Endocrine system
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puppetmaster of the body; composed of exocrine and endocrine glands that secrete hormones that control every single process that occurs in the body
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endocrine gland
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releases products directly into the blood
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exocrine gland
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secretes into a duct
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hormone
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molecule released in one part of the body that regulates an action in another part of the body
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target areas
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the location that the hormone acts upon
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hormonal effects
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the resulting alteration that occurs form the presence of the hormone on a target area
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hypothalamus
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the master gland; located just superior to the pituitary, produces regulatory hormones tha ttell other glands to release their hormones
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pituitary glnad
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located at the base of the brain in the sella turcica of the sphenoid bone; connected to the hypothalamus by a stalk called the infundibulum
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hypothalmo-hypophyseal portal system
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vascular connection allowing form direct blood flow form the hypothalamus to the pituitary
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two lobes of pituitary
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adenohypophysis (anterior)
neurohypophysis (posterior) |
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pineal gland
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located in the center of the brain
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thyroid gland
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located in the throat; has two lobes connected anterior medially by and isthmus
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follicular cells
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in thyroid; rings of cells that form a follicle; the lumen of chich is filled with colloid
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parafollicular cells
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in thyroid; located between the follicles
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parathyroid glands
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four small gland located on the posterior surface of the thyroid
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chief cells
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most abundant parathyroid cells
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thymus gland
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located behind the sternum between the lungs, decreses in size with age
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pancreas
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islets of Langerhans contains 4 types of hormone secreting cells: alpha, beta, delta, and f cells
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adrenal gland
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located just superior to the kidney; pyramid shaped
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adrenal cortex
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subdivided into three zones (zona glomerulosa, zona fasciculata, zona reticularis) each producing a specific hormone
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adrenal medulla
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inner region of the adrenal gland; affect the symphathetic division of the autonomic nervous system during stress; deal with fight or flight mechanism
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chromaffin cells
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in adrenal medulla; produce two hormones: adrenaline and noradrenaline
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gonads
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located in different places according to sex
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testes
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located in the male scrotum; releases sperm
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ovaries
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located in the female pelvic cavity; release a mature ovum
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hormones that regulate the menstrual cycle
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estrogens, progesterone, LH, and FSH
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