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49 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Atom |
The smallest particle of an element |
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Protons |
The positively charged particles of an atom |
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Neutrons |
The particles with no charge in the nucleus of an atom |
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Electrons |
Negatively charged particles that orbit the nucleus of an atom |
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Free electrons |
Electrons that are loosely bound to the nucleus of an atom in can easily leave to join other atoms |
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Conductor |
A substance that allows electrons to flow freely through it; an object having good conductivity |
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Insulators |
Substances that prevent electrons from flowing freely |
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Current |
The flow of electrons |
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Equilibrium |
When two connected bodies have the same number of electrons; a balanced condition |
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Electrical potential |
The ability to provide free electrons |
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Direct current (DC) |
A current that always flows in one direction |
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Alternating current (AC) |
A periodic current that continuously reverses direction |
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Cycles |
A cycle is one complete repetition of a wave form or signal. The rate at which the signal repeats itself is expressed in cycles per second, or hertz |
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Hertz(Hz) |
A unit of frequency that equals one cycle per second. Named after Heinrich Hertz |
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Anode |
The positive terminal of a battery |
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Cathode |
The negative terminal of a battery |
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Battery |
A group of voltaic cells that are connected in series or parallel, usually contained in one case |
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Wet cell |
A battery that uses a liquid electrolyte |
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Dry cell |
A battery that uses a chemical paste electrolyte |
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Electrolyte |
The chemical that is a liquid or paste that allows the flow of electrons in a battery |
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Generator |
A device that uses electromagnetic induction to convert mechanical energy to electrical energy |
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Amperage |
The measurement of the rate of flow of electrons |
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Ampere(A) |
The unit used in measuring amperage or current. Abbreviated as amp(plural amps). Named after Andre-Marie Ampere. |
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Electromotive force (E or emf) |
The force that causes current to flow between two objects with different electrical potential |
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Volt(V) |
The units of measurement of electromotive force caused by the difference in potential between two bodies. Named after Alessandro Volta |
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Resistance (R) |
The opposition to the flow of electrons through a conductor. |
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Ohms |
The units of measurement used to express resistance. Named after Georg Simon Ohm |
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Power (P) |
The rate of doing work. Electric power is measured in watts or volt-amperes |
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Watts (W) |
The units of measurement used in expressing power delivered to or consumed by an electrical device. Named after James Watt. |
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Volt-amperes(VA) |
Very simply, volts multiplied by amps. The amount of power an electrical device requires. Equivalent to watts in simple systems. Abbreviated as volt-amps |
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Energy |
The ability to do work |
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Work |
The process of changing energy from one form to another, or causing an object to gain or lose energy |
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Joules |
A unit of electrical power. One joule equals one watt-second. Named after James Prescott Joule. |
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Kilowatt-hours(kWh) |
A unit of electrical power. One kilowatt-hour is the equivalent of 1,000 watts being used for an hour period |
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Circuit |
The pathway over which electrons can move |
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Series circuit |
A circuit having a single path for current flow |
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Parallel circuit |
A circuit with multiple paths available for current flow |
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Load |
Device that converts electricity into another form of energy |
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Ohm's law |
The law that states the relationship between voltage, resistance, and current. |
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Watts law |
The law that states the relationship between power, voltage, and current |
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Branch |
One of the pathways in a parallel circuit |
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Complex circuit |
A combination of series and parallel circuits |
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Electromagnetic induction |
The process of producing an electromotive force by varying the magnetic field surrounding a conductor |
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Left hand rule |
A rule for determining the direction of flow in a conductor caused by electromagnetic induction. Also known as Fleming's rule |
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Transformer |
A device that transfers electrical energy from one circuit to another, usually at a different voltage, through electromagnetic induction |
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Windings |
The coils of wire in an electrical device. Windings are used in generators, motors, and transformers. |
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Primary windings |
The windings of a transformer that creates a magnetic field and is connected to the power source side. |
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Primary winding |
The windings of a transformer that creates a magnetic field and is connected to the power source side. |
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Secondary winding |
The transformer winding connected to the load |
