Drug Cards

Front 1

Other names for Dextrose 50% 02

Back 1

D50

Front 2

Dextrose Mechanism of Action

Back 2

Increases circulating blood sugar levels to normal.
It also acts briefly as an osmotic diuretic

Front 3

Dextrose Therapeutic Benefit

Back 3

Restores circulating blood sugar levels to normal

Front 4

Dextrose Pharmacologic Class

Back 4

Carbohydrate

Front 5

Dextrose Therapeutic Class

Back 5

Hyperglycemic

Front 6

Dextrose Contraindications

Back 6

Hypersensitivity to the drug.
Intracranial hemorrhage.

Front 7

Dextrose Indications for use

Back 7

Pts in coma due to hypoglycemia and unknown cause.
Pts with altered level of consciousness with low reagent strip reading <60mg/dl.
Cardiac arrest situations.

Front 8

Dextrose Precautions

Back 8

Use cautiously in patients with diabetes mellitus who can not tolerate carbohydrate agents.

Front 9

Dextrose Route and Dosage

Back 9

Adult:
12.5-25 grams by slow IV bolus

Pediatric:
Dilute 1:1 with sterile water to make a 25% solution (D25W) (0.25mg/ml) 0.5-1.0 g/kg by slow IV bolus

Front 10

Dextrose Side Effects

Back 10

CNS: fever, confusion, unconscious in HHS
CV: worsened hypertension and CHF.
RESP: Pulmonary edema
GU: osmotic diuresis.

Front 11

Dextrose Drug Interactions

Back 11

Corticosteriods may cause salt and water retention and increase potassium losses.

Front 12

Dextrose ALS Protocols

Back 12

PA-ALS Protocol 7002

Front 13

Glucagon Pharmacologic Class

Back 13

Antihypoglycemic

Front 14

Glucagon Therapeutic Class

Back 14

Antihypoglycemic

Front 15

Glucagon Mechanism of Action

Back 15

Glucagon is a hormone excreted by the alpha cells of the pancreas. When released, glucagon increases the level of circulating blood sugar by stimulating the release of glycogen from the liver. The glycogen is quickly broken down to become glucose.

Front 16

Glugagon Therapeutic Benefit

Back 16

Glucagon causes an increase in the plasma glucose levels of the circulating blood, causes smooth muscle relaxation, and has positive inotropic and chronotropic effects on the heart.

Front 17

Glucagon Indications for use

Back 17

Treat hypoglycemia in the unconscious, combative patient and in situations where an IV line cannot be established.

Gastric relaxation

Front 18

Glucagon Contraindications

Back 18

Hypersensitivity

Front 19

Glucagon Precautions

Back 19

Use caution in administering to patients with pheochromocytoma. *Pheochromocytoma is a catecholamine-secreting tumor that may cause hypertension. Since glucagons stimulates the release of catecholamines the blood pressure will increase.

Front 20

Glucagon Route and Dosage

Back 20

Adult: 1mg IM. *For gastric relaxation 1mg is given IV.

Pediatric: 1mg IM if ≥20kg or ≥5yo.

0.5mg if <20kg or <5 yo.

Can be repeated in 15 minutes if necessary.

Front 21

Glucagon Side Effects

Back 21

CNS: Dizziness

CV: Possible hypotension

GI: Nausea & vomiting

RESP: Bronchospasm, respiratory distress

Front 22

Glucagon Drug Interactions

Back 22

A precipitate will form if glucagons is mixed with chloride solutions.

Front 23

Glucagon ALS Protocols

Back 23

PA ALS 7002A 1-4
7002P 1-4

Front 24

Glucagon Onset, Peak and Duration

Back 24

Onset:
4-10 min IM, 1 min IV

Peak: Unknown IM, 30 min IV

Duration: 12-32 min IM, 9-25 min IV

Front 25

Glucagon Special Note

Back 25

Glucagon comes in vials that contain 1mg (1 unit vial of powder) and 2 ml of diluting solution (use solution as supplied by the manufacturer or sterile water for injection may be substituted. Glucagon must be reconstituted (mixed) before use.