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10 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Helicases
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unwind the parental double helix.
۰۱۲۳۴۵۶۷۸۹ |
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SIngle-strand binding protein
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stabilize the unwound parental DNA.
۰۱۲۳۴۵۶۷۸۹ |
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The leading strand is synthesized continuously in the 5'→3'...
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direction by DNA polymerase.
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The lagging strand is synthesized discontinuously.
RNA primase synthesizes a short RNA primer which is then extended by... |
DNA polymerase.
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DNA polymerase digests RNA primer and replaces it with
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DNA.
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DNA Ligase joins the...
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discontinuous fragments of the lagging strand.
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Watson and Crick predicted a semi-conservative model of DNA replication:
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When a DNA double helix replicates, each daughter molecule has one old strand (derived or conserved from the parent molecule) and one newly made strand.
۰۱۲۳۴۵۶۷۸۹ |
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Origin of Replication, Ori
Helicases - Enzymes that untwist the double helix |
Single-strand binding protein: binds to and stabilizes singles-stranded DNA until it can be used as a template
Topoisomerase: corrects "over winding" ahead of replication forks by breaking, swiveling and rejoining DNA strands |
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DNA polymerase - The main enzyme of DNA replication.: CAN ONLY ADD NEW NUCLEOTIDES IN THE 5' → 3' DIRECTION!
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RNA Primer Synthesis
-An enzyme called primase can start an RNA chain from scratch and adds RNA nucleotides one at a time using the parental DNA as a template. ---Primase builds a new chain ("primer")_ in the 5' → 3' direction. - The primer is a short (5-10 nucleotides long) RNA sequence. - The 3' end of the primer serves as the starting point for the new DNA strand.' |
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The lagging strand of DNA replication is synthesized as a series of segments called Okazaki fragments.
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To elongate the strand, DNA polymerase must work away from the replication fork in the opposite direction from the leading strand.
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