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9 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
The hypothalamus and eating.
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Decades ago, researchers began studying the roles of the ventromedial hypothalamus (ventral meaning towards the bottom of the brain, and medial meaning towards the middle) and lateral hypothalamus (lateral meaning on the sides) in eating. Destruction of the ventromedial hypothalamus can lead to obesity in rats.
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Maslow's Hierachy of Needs
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Maslow's hierarchy of needs. Except for self-actualisation, all of Maslow's needs are generated by a lack of something, such as food or shelter.
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Sex Response Cycle
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Sexual response cycles. Part (a) depicts the variations of sensation in women's sexual response. Part (b) illustrates the typical male sexual response cycle. The two are practically indistinguishable, except for the greater variability in women's experience.
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Cognitive structure of achievement motivation.
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Cognitive structure of achievement motivation. A science student attaches different motivational weights to different sections of the hierarchy. Red lines indicate strong motivation; blue lines indicate weaker motivation.
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The James–Lange and Cannon–Bard theories of emotion.
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In the James–Lange theory (a), a stimulus leads to a peripheral nervous system response, which in turn is interpreted as an emotion. In the Cannon-Bard theory (b), the stimulus produces simultaneous peripheral responses and subjective experience.
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An emotion hierarchy.
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Emotions may be arranged hierarchically, with universal categories at the superordinate and basic levels and categories that vary by culture at the subordinate level.
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Two circuits for emotion processing.
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Emotionally relevant information is relayed from the thalamus simultaneously to the amygdala and the cortex. The first (blue arrows) leads to immediate responses. The second pathway (red solid arrows) allows the person to evaluate the stimulus on the basis of stored knowledge and goals. Both pathways activate the hypothalamus, which produces autonomic and endocrine changes that the cortex must interpret (dashed red arrows, indicating feedback to the cortex).
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The Schachter–Singer theory of emotion.
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According to Schachter and Singer, people must interpret their arousal (e.g. when cut off by a speeding car) in order to experience a specific emotion.
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Evolutionary links
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Evolutionary links
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