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14 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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What are the 4 regions of the oviducts?
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1. Infundibulum, which has a fimbriated end
2. Ampulla, which is the most common site of fertilization 3. Isthmus 4. Intramural portion (pars intramuralis) which traverses the wall of the uterus |
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What does the wall of each oviduct consist of?
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1. Mucosa, lining the lumen
2. Muscularis, with lots of smooth muscle 3. Serosa, outer layer |
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What type of cell lines and is contained in the mucosa of oviducts?
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The epithelium of the mucosa is simple columnar and consists of PEG cells and ciliated cells.
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What is the role of peg cells?
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Peg cells secrete a nutrient-rich medium that nourishes the spermatozoa (and pre-implantation embryo), as well as substances that aid in the capatication (make sperm more fertilizable) of spermatozoa.
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what is the role of ciliated cells?
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1. They may facilitate the transport of the developing embryo to the uterus
2. Sweep egg into the infundibulum of the oviduct (if the egg doesn't enter and is fertilized outside of the oviduct this results in an ectopic pregnancy) |
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describe the muscularis layer of oviducts and the role
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They have ill-defined inner circular and outer longitudinal layer of smooth muscle (vs. vas deferens where their muscle layers are more defined).
The role of this layer is to move the embryo toward the uterus. |
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What regulates the muscular layer of oviducts?
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Muscle contraction in the oviducts is regulated by a variety of factors: interplay of these factors is not yet well understood.
If contractions then it is very slow as it takes 5-6 days for a zygote to implant as a blastocyst. |
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Innervation of muscularis layer.
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1.SNS: NE stimulation of alpha receptors promotes contraction of the muscularis while NE stimulation of beta receptors inhibits contraction.
The contraction/relaxation oscillates |
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How do estrogen and progesterone regulate the muscularis layer and why is this a paradox?
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1. Estrogen: stimulates contraction
2. Progesterone: inhibit contraction Paradox: Fertilization occur after ovulation when progesterone>estrogen so contraction stops, how does this aid in implantation |
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What cells comprise the serosa?
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Simple squamous epithelium overlying a thin connecting tissue layer, covers the outer surface of the oviduct.
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Where do oviducts derive from embyologically?
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Paramesonephros - Mullerian ducts
develop into the oviducts, uterus cervix and upper 1/3 of the vagina The Wolffian/mesonephros degenerate |
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What is the arterial supply to the oviducts?
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The tubal branches arise as anastomosing terminal branches of the uterine and ovarian arteries.
uterine & ovarian arteries --> tubal branches |
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What is the venous supple to the oviducts?
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The tubal veins drain into the ovarian veins and uterine venous plexus
tubal veins-->ovarian veins--> uterine venous plexus |
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What is the nerve supply to the oviducts?
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Derives partly from the ovarian plexus and partly from the uterine plexus
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