Culture 2

Front 1

How many sects are present in Buddhism and name Common ones.

Back 1

21 sects

Mahayana (greater vehicle)

Theravada (school of elders)

Vajrayana (Tantric practices)

Front 2

Philosophy of Mahayana sect

Back 2

Follow idol worship of Buddha and Bodhisattva

According to Mahayana, Nirvana means bliss and rest but from original teachings it is extinguishment of desire

Front 3

Give name of famous Bodhisattva

Back 3

Avalokoteswara (Lord who looks with compassion)

Front 4

Philosophy of Theravada sect of Buddhism

Back 4

Orthodox followers of Buddhism

Reside in Sri Lanka and Maharashtra in India

Front 5

Philosophy of Vajrayana sect of Buddhism

Back 5

Known for its Tantric practices

Kalachakra is version of Vajrayana practices in Tibbet

Front 6

What is 8 is path given by Buddha?

Back 6

8 is path is

Samayak Drishti (perception of reality as it is)

Samayak Sankalpa (focused desire omg achieving liberation)

Samayak vacha (speaking sweetly in true and honest way)

Samayak Kammanta (does not cause harm to others)

Samayak Ajeevana (right firm of livelihood that does not cause harm to people)

Samayak Vyayam (training mind and body to for improving self)

Samayak Smriti (awareness about self)

Samayak Samadhi (following right path of meditation and concentration leading to Nirvana)

Whole event is called Dharma Chakra Parivartan (turning the wheel of religion)

Front 7

First Buddhist Council

Back 7

483 BC

Scholar Mahakashyap

King Ajatshratru

Two books

Sutta pitaka(original teachings of Buddha)

Vinash pitaka (rules for monks)

Front 8

Second Buddhist Council

Back 8

383 BC

Vaishali

Scholar Sabakami

King Kalashok

Division among followers

Sthavarvadins(orthodox followers)

Mahasanghvikash (Liberal followers)

Front 9

Third Buddhist Council

Back 9

250 BC

PATLIPUTRA

Monk Mogliputta Tissa

King Ashoka

New text compiled

Abhidhamma veta (philosophical interpration of teachings of Buddha)

Front 10

4th Buddhist Council

Back 10

78 AD

Kashmir

Monk Vasu Gupta

King Kanishka

Split among followers

Hinyana (orthodox followers)

Mahayana (Liberal followers)

Front 11

Describe Judaism

Back 11

Words of God to Abraham

10 commandments to Moses at Mount Sinai

These codified in book called Torah

Front 12

Describe Zoro-astrin

Back 12

Prophet Zarathustra

Sacred text(2 books) Zend and Avesta (gathas in Sanskrit)

Two spirits

Good - Spenta Mainu

Bad - Angra Mainu

God of spenta mainu- Ahura Mazda(represented by fire)

People pray at Fire temple

Front 13

Describe Christianity

Back 13

Baptism (entry into main religion)

Holy communion (worshippers share bread and wine to show unity with each other and jesus)

Father, son and holy spirit

Bible Old testament Hebrew

New testament (new followers of Christianity)

Front 14

Describe Islam

Back 14

622 AD

Prophet Mohammed

Angel Gabriel gave holy words of God to him.

Two main sects Shia and Sunni

Front 15

Describe Sikkhism

Back 15

Guru Nanak founded Sikkhism was monotheistic guru.

Followed by 9 Gurus to make total of 10 guru.

After 10 spiritual guru ended and political leaders were appointed.

First political Banda Bahadur.

Pahul(Baptism of Sikh)

After Pahul

Men use Singh

Women use Kaur as title

Front 16

Contribution of Sikh Gurus

Back 16

Guru Gobind founded sikh

Guru Angadev invented Gurumukhi script

Guru Ram Das founded Golden Time

Guru Arjun Dev compiled Adigranth

Guru Hargobind military brotherhood

Guru Teg Bahadur assasinated by Aurangzeb

Guru Gobind Singh formal shape to Khalsa

Front 17

5 takht of Sikkhism

Back 17

Holy places are managed by Shiromani Gurudwaras Prabhandhak committee

Akal Takht (Amritsar)

Keshgarh Sahib (Anandpur)

Huzur Sahib (Nanded)

Patna Sahib (patna)

Damdana Sahib (Talwandi)

Front 18

Origin of Word Hinduism

Back 18

Aryans - sindhu

Arabs - Hindavi

Persian and Iranians - Heptahindu(closer to septa Hindu)

Earlier Hinduism ka Sanatan Dharma or Vedic religio

Front 19

4 Purushartha of Hinduism

Back 19

Dharma(live life religious doctrine)

Artha (aquire material resources)

Kama (physical pleasures)

Moksha (liberation from worldly things)

As per the chronology

First Buddha gave Nirvana

Then Moksha came into being

Front 20

Orthodox philosophy of salvation

Back 20

SAMKHYA

NYAYA

YOGA

MIMANSA

VEDANTA

VAISHESHIKHA

Front 21

Heterodox philosophy of salvation

Back 21

AJIVIKA(Makkhali Ghosla - order of universe and fate aka Niyativada)

CARVAKA(sensual and materialistic pleasure is ultimate reality aka Lokyata philosophy)

BUDDHISM

JAINISM

Front 22

SAMKHYA PHILOSOPHY

Back 22

Kapilmuni founder

Attained real knowledge

Knowledge come through

1. Pratyaksh (perception)

2. Anumana (inference)

3. Shabda (hearing and testimony)

Real knowledge is soul and matter are different.

Concept of two reality i. e. Dualism or dvaitvada

Reality is constituted of

1. Prakriti(thought, movement and transformation)

2. Purush(firmness, consciousness that can't be challenged)

Front 23

NYAYA PHILOSOPHY

Back 23

Founder Gautam

Salvation possible through logic (valid knowledge)

Knowledge comes through

1. Pratyaksh

2. Anumana

3. Upmana(comparison)

4. Shabda

Front 24

MIMANSA PHILOSOPHY

Back 24

Founder Jaimini

Salvation through performing rituals

Front 25

Yoga philosophy

Back 25

Founder Patanjali

Salvation through Meditation along with some yama and niyama

Ultimate aim jagaron

Front 26

How vedanta philosophy is classified

Back 26

Advaitbad founder Shankaracharya

There exists 1 reality and that is within you(non dualism)

Aham Brahmasmi (brahma is within you you need to find it)

Visistadvaitavada founder Ramanuj

There is one reality but not universal (qualified non dualism)

Dvaitvada founder Madhavacharya

Believes in 2 reality

Front 27

VAISHESHIKA PHILOSOPHY

Back 27

founder Kanad

Salvation through realisation of atomic nature of universe

All things are combination of atoms of earth, water, fire and air.

Atoms are in motion due to God's will

Front 28

Pushtimarg philosophy

Back 28

Founder Vallabhacharya

Sect of Hinduism related to Shiva

Front 29

Origin of Jainism

Back 29

Vardhaman Mahavir formal religion

Born Kundagram, Vaishali Bihar

Father siddhartha (kshatriya clan)

Mother Trishala( Lichvi clan)

23 Teerthankar before Mahavir gave basic ideology of Jainism

Jaina title was only given to Mahavir

Mahavir achieved kaivalya at 42

After preaching died in 468 BC Rajgir (Bihar)

Front 30

Chandragupta and Jainism

Back 30

End of 4th century BC Famine in Magadh

Migrated to Shravana Belgola (Karnataka) to avoid harsh conditions

Under Jain Monk Bhadrabahu observed Sallekhna(starvation to death)

Front 31

First Jain council

Back 31

Patliputra

King Bindusar

Monk Sthulbhadra

14 Purvas were compiled

Front 32

Second Jain Council

Back 32

Vallabhi (5 12 AD)

Chalukya rulers

Monk - Devardhi Kshena Shramana

SPLIT among followers

Digambar - orthodox followers, original teachings, naked, sky clad

Shwetambar - Liberal followers, white clothes, white clad

Books written

Angas, upangas, malasutras,chendabsutras,prakirnas

Front 33

Similarity of Buddhism and Jainism

Back 33

1. Shravana tradition

2. against orthodox Brahminism

3. Originated eastern part of India

4. Basic philosophy Samkhaya

5. Rejected authority of Vedas and ethicacy of vedic rites (sacrifice)

6. Objective of religion is deliver soul from misery of this world by eliminating rebirth

7. Upheld Ascetic life, moral and ethical codes

8. Both against gods

9. Non violence as means of evolution

10. Merchant class as largest followers

11. Preached in language of people

12. 3 Ratna Buddhism ( Buddha, Dhamma, sangha)

Jainism (Knowledge, faith, conduct)

13. Pluralism of Religion (can follow doctrines of many religion)

Front 34

Mutual funds

Back 34

Asset management company

Pools savings from investors and gives them units

NAV

Front 35

Hedge funds

Back 35

For Rich people (min investment 1 crore)

Invest in junk bonds or investment of high risk to generate high profits

Front 36

REITs and InvITs

Back 36

REITs- min investment 50000

Invest in Real Estate infrastructure

Earns from rents

InvITs- min 1 lakh

Airport, highway etc

Earns from toll collection and services fees

Benefits

Stressed developer gets finance and reduces NPA for banks

Front 37

CPSE ETF(central public sector enterprise)

Back 37

During disinvestment

CPSE shares to fund manager

New securities by fund manager

Which derives its value from CPSE shares

ETF traded in stock market

Front 38

Bharat 22,Gold ETF and Bharat Bond

Back 38

Bharat 22 is ETF from 22 CPSE using fund manager ICICI prudential

Gold ETF - derived from the gold purchased by fund manager

Front 39

Alternative Investment funds

Back 39

AIF 1 - POSITIVE EFFECTS on economy

AIF 2 - private equity or debt fund

AIF 3 - excessive risk to generate high returns

Front 40

Future contracts, call and put option

Back 40

Future contact - settlement on future date at price agreed on today

Option - insurance for future contract

Call and put option hedge against party not conforming to agreement

Front 41

Derivative and SWAP

Back 41

Derivative - contract whose value is derived by another asset

SWAP - swapping financial assets

Front 42

Participatory notes

Back 42

Foreign investor without going to SEBI

Investor gives money to FII(foreign institutional investors)

They purchase securities in their DEMAT account

FII issues participatory notes

Harmful for economy because

1. Tax evasion, money laundering, terror finance

2. GOI deprived of taxes

Front 43

Company types based on Incorporation

Back 43

Chartered(charter by king /Queen)

Ex East India Company

Statutory(special acts of Parliament)

Ex RBI, SBI, LIC

Registered (registered under companies act 1956)

Tata motors, Infosys

Front 44

Company types based on ownership

Back 44

Holding( that holds major shares in another company)

Subsidiary(controlled by parent holding company)

Govt(govt holds min 51%)

Private (private parties own min 51%)