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25 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Define Corrections:
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The part of the criminal justice system that is responsible for custody, control, punishment, and treatment of the sentenced offenders and those confined awaiting trial or other court action.
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What are the two ways Corrections differs from all other branches of the CJS?
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1. They have no say about the intake
2. They are expected to "treat" the offender- turn into non-offenders |
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List the elements of the Correctional system in proper sequence:
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1. Pre-Trial
2. Detention 3. Probation 4. Jail 5. Prison 6. Youth Center 7. Release |
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Define Jail: (time/administrator)
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A correctional facility administered by a unit of local government that holds adult offenders pending trial or other court action and adult offenders sentenced to a year or less.
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7 characteristics of Jail
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1. Short Term (less than 1 year)
2. Sheriff administers 3. Many jails 4. Small population 5. Under funded, staffed, fire 6. Close to offenders family 7. Few programs |
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What 7 things Jails and Prisons examine
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time
administrator/leader amount population money location programs |
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What problems do inmates face in large county jails?
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1.) idleness (nothing to do)
2.) uncertainty (no set date) 3.) fear (surrounded by predators) |
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Define Prison: (time/administrator)
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A correctional facility administered by state or federal government that holds adult offenders sentenced to more than a year.
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7 characteristics of Prison
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1. long term (1 year or more)
2. administered by federal or state 3. A lot of prisons, but less than jails 4. Large population 5. Underfunded, understaffed, overcrowded 6. Located far from families 7. Lots of programs |
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Define Probation:
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A sentence that allows CONVICTED OFFENDERS to remain in the community subject to conditions imposed by the court and under the supervision of a probation officer.
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Pre Sentence Investigation (PSI)
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A report prepared by the probation officer by order of the judge that provides information about the offenders criminal, social, and personal background.
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List some positive and negative points about probation:
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Positive:
-less deprovation of liberty -doesn't fill up jails/prisons -may be the only sentence need Negatives: -not politically popular -not taken seriously -requires skilled staff |
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What are the 2 major functions of probation officers?
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1. Client Control (monitor actions/surveillance)
2. Treatment (enter in drug/alcohol/anger therapy) |
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What is unique about Sheridan, Vienna, and Tamms prisons?
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Sheridan: treats solely drug offenders, great drug treatment center
Vienna: Campus, no fence, key to rooms, local community college Tamms: Super Max |
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Who is associated with the classical school of criminology? Beccaria or Lombroso
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Cesare Beccaria
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Who is considered the "father" of criminology?
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Cesare Lombroso
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How are probation and good parenting related?
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1. Caring for child/offender
2. Monitoring 3. Recognizing Deviant behavior 4. Punish immediately |
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What agency runs the prisons in Illinois? On the Federal level?
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State: Illinois Department of Corrections
Federal: Bureau of Prisons |
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What is Rykers Island?
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A large population New York City Jail
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What are the three assumptions which were central to the Positivist School of Criminology?
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1. Criminals differ from other people and other criminals
2. Criminals are led into crime by forces which which they had less than control over 3. Punishment should be tailored to the criminal not the crime |
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What were the three main ideas about the causes of crime contributed by the sociologists?
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1. Criminals are led into crime by forces over which they have less than complete control
2. Crime is influenced by their social environment, criminal behavior is 'normal' to some 3. Criminals are not born they are made |
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What were the two main ideas about the causes of crime contributed by the psychologists?
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Internal and External relationships within the first 3 years of a childs life. (relationships and early life experience)
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What was the theological explanation of crime and what did it lead to doing?
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explanation: Crime is caused by sin, offenders are evil
lead to: Harsh phsyical punishment |
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What did the Classical School of Criminiology believe to be the cause of crime and what did it lead to doing?
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explanation: Crime is an act of free will, chosen by the offender as a rational human being
lead to: punishment doesn't need to be harsh and cruel, punishment should be only severe enough to deter crime and it should fit the crime. |
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Wat did the Pysiologists/Biologists say about the causes of crime?
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Crime is caused by some physical abnormality, born different from other people.
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