Corrections: Chapter 8

Front 1

bail

Back 1

The security deposited to guarantee a defendant's appearance for court dates in exchange for the defendant being released in the community until those court dates. When that security involves a financial obligation, it is a bail bond, which can b one of money or property.

Front 2

bail bond

Back 2

Money = Cash Bail Bond

Property = Property Bail Bond

Front 3

boot camp corrections

Back 3

Although sometimes used synonymously with shock incarceration, in the book boot camp corrections refers to a camp that uses military-style discipline and activities, along with more traditional programs, to achieve specific goals.

Front 4

curfew

Back 4

Offenders must be at their residence during specified hours, usually at night.

Front 5

direct supervision

Back 5

A type of inmate supervision in jails or prisons with a podular design. When correctional officers are positioned in the housing pod with the inmates, they have direct and continuous supervision of and interaction with the inmates.

Front 6

podular direct

Back 6

In a podular direct designed facility (which can be either a prison or jail), inmates are housed in small units containing about sixteen to thirty romms or cells. These rooms are often on two levels, so on entering the housing unit (called a pod or module) one can look across an open area and see two rows of eight to fifteen cells each.

Front 7

home confinement

Back 7

A requirement, usually imposed by the court, that an offender must remain in hir or her residence for som or all hours of the day.

Front 8

home detention

Back 8

Offenders must remain at home at all times except for approved absences for school, work, etc.

Front 9

home incarceration

Back 9

Offenders must remain at home except for limited absences such as medical treatment.

Front 10

intermittent surveillance

Back 10

The typical way to observe inmates in jails or prisons with a linear design. Because corectional officers can see inmates only as they walk along the corridor and look into each cell, the supervision of and interaction with the inmates is only intermittent.

Front 11

jails

Back 11

Confinement facilities, usually operated by city or county governments, that hold persons awaiting trial and persons convicted of misdemeanors who have recieved a sentence up to one year (or two years in some jurisdictions).

Front 12

linear facilities

Back 12

In a linear designed jail or prison, inmated are housed in a single or multioccupancy cell that are aligned along corridors, which in turn are often stacked in tiers.

Front 13

net-widening

Back 13

A situation in which a program has the effect of bringing more people under control of the criminal or juvenile justice system than would otherwise be included. When programs designed as alternatives to the traditional process actually bring more people into the criminal justice system, the net has been widened.

Front 14

new generation boot camps

Back 14

Newer versions of boot camp corrections programs that retain a military-style structure and strict discipline, but that also have treatment and aftercare programs.

Front 15

new generation jails

Back 15

Jails that use a specific architecture design (podular rather than linear) and inmate supervision (direct rather than intermittent) to provide a safe and secure environment for both inmates and staff. Because of their design and supervision types, new generation jails are also called podular direct jails.

Front 16

pretrial release

Back 16

A suspect is released from custody into the community for all or part of the time before or during prosecution.

Front 17

preventitive detention

Back 17

The practice of holding an acused person in jail prior to trial because he or she is considered dangerous to the community.

Front 18

residential community corrections

Back 18

A more contemporary term for facilities that were called halfway houses. These residential facilities alow offenders to live in a structured environment while still having access to work, educational, and treatment opportunities in the community.

Front 19

shock incarceration

Back 19

Although sometimes used synonymously with boot camp corrections, in this book shock incarceration refers to a philosophy that a military regimen with hard work and physical conditioning helps build desirable character traits in offenders.

Front 20

shock probation

Back 20

Requires a convicted offender to spend a relatively brief time in prison (such as a few months) and then be placed on probation. Presumably the "shock" of imprisonment will encourage the offender to have a more positive probation experience. Split probation is essentially the same type of sentence although some use shock probation to refer to the situation in some jurisdictions where the offender is not expecting release from prison (almost "surprise probation"), while split probation is a sentence requiring prison followed by probation.