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132 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Lewy body: Parkinson's disease
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Leser-Trelat sign: rapid eruption of multiple seborrheic keratosis --> phenotypic marker of stomach adenocarcinoma
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Uveitis: imflammation of uveal tract (iris, ciliary body, choroid)
Causes: ankylosing spondylitis, sarcoidosis, ulcerative colitis, etc. |
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Acantosis nigricans: DM type II (indicates insulin receptor deficiency), obesity, PCOS, MEN IIb, Stomach and Uterus adenocarcinoma, lung cancer, ovarian cancer, prostate cancer
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Legg-Calve-Pethes disease: aseptic necrosis of femoral head ossification centre
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Osteogenic sarcoma (malignant): sunburst appearance. Other appearance: Codman's triangle; metaphysis of distal femur or proximal tibia, M 10-25 yo
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Osteogenic sarcoma (malignant): Codman's triangle. Other appearance: sunburst appearance; metaphysis of distal femur or proximal tibia, M 10-25 yo
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Chondrosarcoma (malignant): diaphysis of proximal femur, pelvic bones; M 30-60 yo
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Ewing's sarcoma (malignant): onion skin appearance; small, round cell tumor; pelvic girdle, diaphysis and metaphysis of proximal femur or rib; M 10-20 yo
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Osteochondroma (benign): exostosis capped by benign cartilage; metaphysis of distal femur; M 10-30 yo
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Osteochondroma (benign): exostosis capped by benign cartilage; metaphysis of distal femur; M 10-30 yo
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Giant cell tumor (benign): Reactive multinucleated giant cells resemble osteoclasts; F 20-40 yo; epiphysis of distal femur or proximal tibia
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Osteoid osteoma (benign): cortex of proximal femur; radiolucent focus surrounded by sclerotic bone; M 10-20 yo
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Enchondroma (benign): medullary location in small tubular bones in hands and feet; M=F 20-50 yo
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Psoriatic arthritis: pencil-in-cup deformity
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Volkman's ischemic contracture: supracondylar fracture of humerus causing compression of brachial artery and median nerve --> forearm muscles may undergo contracture
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Multiple angiofibromas: tuberous sclerosis or MEN 1
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Band keratopathy. Metastatic calcification from hyperparathyroidism
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Shortening of the 4th and 5th metacarpal - Archibald's sign (when fist is clenched: knuckle-knuckle-dimple-dimple): Pseudohypoparathyroidism
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Calymmatobacterium granulomatis causing granuloma inguinale
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Michaelis-Gutmann bodies: foamy macrophages filled with laminated mineralized concretions - pathognomic for malacoplakia
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Schiller-Duval bodies: yolk-sac tumor
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Schiller-Duval bodies: yolk sac tumor
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Waxy cast: chronic renal failure
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Red blood cell cast: nephritic type of glomerulonephritis, malignant hypertension
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White blood cell cast: acute pyelonephritis, acute tubulointerstitial nephritis
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Fatty cast: nephrotic syndrome
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Renal tubular cell casts: acute tubular necrosis
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Potter facies: maternal oligohydramnios (JPKD) - wide set eyes, flattened palepral fissures, prominent epicanthus, flattened nasal bridge, mandibular micrognathia, large low set ears deficient in cartilage
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IgA nephropathy: mesangial IgA IC deposits with granular IF
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Poststreptococcal glomerulonephritis: subepithelial IC deposits with granular IF
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Goodpasture's syndrome: linear IF
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Hutchinsons teeth: oral manifestation of congenital syphillis - peg-like incisors and mulberry-shaped molars
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Aphtous ulcers: Crohn's disease
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Kaposi's Syndrome: AIDS defining lesion + human herpes virus 8
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Addison's disease: melanin pigmentation in oral mucosa
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Sister Mary Joseph sign: umbilical manifestation of stomach adenocarcinoma
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Peutz-Jeghers polyposis: mucosal pigmentation of buccal mucosa and lips
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Melanosis coli: use of phenanthracene laxatives
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Uremic frost: kidney failure
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Osteitis fibrosa cystica: kidney failure --> hypovitaminosis D --> hyperparathyroidism
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Renal tubular cell cast: tubulointerstitial nephritis
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Pancreatic rest
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Angiodysplasia
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Double bubble sign: duodenal atresia
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String sign: Crohn's disease
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Cut-off sign: sentinel loop in subjacent duodenum or transverse colon
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Congenital hypertrophy of retinal pigment epithelium: association with familial adenomatous polyposis
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Triphasic pattern showing tubules, solid sheets of cells, and stromal differentiation in a pathological specimen of adult Wilms' tumour.
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Streak ovaries: Turner's syndrome, Wilm's tumor
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Homer-Wright rosettes: neuroblastoma, medulloblastoma
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Necrobiosis lipoidica diabeticorum: well-demarcated yellow plaques over anterior surface of the legs/dorsum of ankles associated with diabetes mellitus
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Necrolytic migratory erythema: associated with glucagonoma
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Erythema nodosum: sacoidosis and valley fever - coccidioides
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Stellate inclusions (asteroid bodies): sarcoidosis
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Stellate inclusions (asteroid bodies): sarcoidosis
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Bronchiectasis
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Chain of lakes sign: acute or chronic pancreatitis
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Charcot-Leyden crystals: asthma, present in eosinophils in terminal bronchioles
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Curshmann spirals: asthma, shed epithelial cells in terminal bronchiole
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Cytomegalovirus: enlarged nuclei of type 1 pneumocytes containing large inclusions surrounded by a clear halo
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Eggshell calcification of hilar lymph nodes: silicosis
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Ground glass appearance: respiratory distress syndrome
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Honeycombing: idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis
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Koplik spots: rubeola
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Lupus pernio: sarcoidosis
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Reticular opacities: idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis
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Schaumann bodies: sarcoidosis - laminated calcium concretions
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Steeple sign: croup - parainfluenza
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Thumbprint sign: haemophilus influenzae
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Warthin-Finkeldey multinucleated giant cells: rubeola
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Acute myelogenous leukemia gum infiltration
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Auer rods: Acute myelogenous leukemia
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Birbeck granules: histiocytosis X
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Emancipation Proclamation
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September 22, 1862 – Lincoln freed all slaves in the states that had seceeded, after the Northern victory at the Battle of Antietam. The act was to take effect on Jan. 1, 1863 in areas still in rebellion. All slaves later freed by the 13th Amendment.
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Burr cells: uremia
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Cutaneous larva migrans
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Cystic skull defects: histiocytosis X
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Dariers sign: scratching of urticaria pigmentosum (systemic mastocystosis) results in erythematous swelling of the lesions + pruritus
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Diffuse large B cell lymphoma
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Erythroderma of Sezary syndrome: T-cell lymphoma
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Follicular lymphoma
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Gamna-gandy bodies: Portal hypertension in cirrhosis leading to calcium and iron concretions present in collagen of spleen
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Hairy cell leukemia
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Howell-Jolly bodies: indicates loss of macrophage function in spleens
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Lymphocyte predominant Hodgkins lymphoma
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Mixed cellularity Hodgkins lymphoma
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Multiple myeloma: lytic lesions in the skull
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Multiple myeloma
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Mycosis fungoides
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Nephrocalcinosis: multiple myeloma
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Nodular sclerosing Hodgkin's lymphoma
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Tear drop: myelofibrosis, other infiltrative disease of the bone marrow
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Pautrier microabscesses: groups of microabscesses in the epidermis
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Reed-Sternberg cells: Hodgkin's lymphoma - mixed cellularity
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Sezary cells: Sezary syndrome
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Sideroblasts: Sideroblastic anemia - lead poisoning, pyroxidine deficiency
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Small lymphocytic lymphoma
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Smudge cells: fragile leukemic cell chronic lymphocytic leukemia
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Target cells: splenectomy
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Mycosis fungoides: tumor phase
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Urticaria pigentosum: systemic mast cell disorder
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Bite cells: Heinz bodies removed from macrophages, G6PD deficiency
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Echinocytes: pyruvate kinase defiency
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Heinz bodies: peroxide oxidation of hemoglobin in G6PD deficiency
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Hypertrophic osteoarthropathy: bronchogenic carcinoma
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Janeway lesions: bacterial endocarditis
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Mallory bodies: Alcoholic liver disease
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I-cell disease: lack of mannose-6-phosphate marker causes undigested substrate to accumulate as large inclusions in the cytosol
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Amyloid: apple-green birefringence under polarized light with congo-red staining
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Ashchoff bodies: central area of fibrinoid necrosis surrounded by Anitschkow cells in myocarditis caused by rheumatic fever
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Cryoglobulinemia
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Dermatomyositis
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Erythema marginatum: rheumatoid arthritis
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Gottron's papules - dermatomyositis
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Henoch-scholein purpura
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Hereditary angioedema
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Janeway lesions: bacterial endocarditis (pathognomotic)
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Polyarthritis nodosa
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Polyarteritis nodosa
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Polymyositis
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Takeyasu arteritis
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Saddle nose - Wegener granulomatosis
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Wiskott-aldrich syndrome
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Angiokeratomas: Fabry's disease
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Cavernous hemangioma
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Cherry hemangioma
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Dermatitis herpetiformis - autoimmune disease, but also associated with Crohn's disease
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Glomangioma: rare benign tumor arising from the glomus body - specialized AV anastamoses in the skin important for temperature regulation. Bluish, painful, exacerbated by cold water
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Hassall corpuscles: eosinophilic dead type VI reticular cells arranged concentrically in the medulla of the thymus. Function unknown
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Negri body - Rabies
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Pick bodies - pick's disease
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