Cliffs Notes Anatomy Chapter 1

Front 1

Anatomic Terminology

Sagittal planes divide the body or organ:

Back 1

vertical into right and left parts

Front 2

Anatomic Terminology

If the right and left parts of the sagittal plane are equal, the plane is the referred to as the:

Back 2

Midsaggital plane

Front 3

Anatomic Terminology

If the right and left parts of the sagittal plane are unequal, the plane is the referred to as the:

Back 3

parasagittal plane

Front 4

Anatomic Terminology

The _____ plane divides the body or organ vertically into a front and rear part

Back 4

Frotal (Coronal) plane

Front 5

Anatomic Terminology

The ______ plane divides the body or organ horizontally into a top and bottom part

Back 5

Horizontal (transverse) plane

Front 6

Body Cavities

The _____ cavity includes the cranial cavity, and the vertebral cavity

Back 6

Dorsal (back)

Front 7

The ventral body cavity includes what to smaller cavites?

Back 7

Thoracic, abdominopelvic.

Front 8

The thoracic cavity can be broken down into what smaller cavities?

Back 8

Plueral cavities for each lung, and the pericardial cavity for the heart.

Front 9

The abdominopelvic cavity can be broken down into what smaller cavities?

Back 9

Abdonminal cavity-digestive organs, pelvic cavity-bladder and reproductive organs

Front 10

Basic Anatomy Terms

Superior

Back 10

Above Another Structure

Front 11

Basic Anatomy Terms

Inferior

Back 11

Below another structure

Front 12

Basic Anatomy Terms

Anterior

Back 12

Toward the front of the body

Front 13

Basic Anatomy Terms

Posterior (Dorsal)

Back 13

Toward the back of the body

Front 14

Basic Anatomy Terms

Medial

Back 14

Toward the midline of the body

Front 15

Basic Anatomy Terms

Lateral

Back 15

Away from the midline of the body

Front 16

Basic Anatomy Terms

Ipsilateral

Back 16

On the same side of the body

Front 17

Basic Anatomy Terms

Contralateral

Back 17

On opposite sides of the body

Front 18

Basic Anatomy Terms

Intermediate

Back 18

Between two structures

Front 19

Basic Anatomy Terms

Proximal

Back 19

Closer to the point of attachment of a limb

Front 20

Basic Anatomy Terms

Superficial

Back 20

Toward the surface of the body

Front 21

Basic Anatomy Terms

Deep

Back 21

Away from the surface of the body

Front 22

Molecules

Define matter

Back 22

Anything that takes up space and has mass

Front 23

Molecules

Matter consists of ____ that posess unique physical and chemical properties.

Back 23

Elements

Front 24

Molecules

An atom is defined as

Back 24

the smallest quantity of an element that still possesses the characteristics of that element.

Front 25

Molecules

Atoms chemically bond together to form

Back 25

molecules

Front 26

Molecules

When the atoms in a molecule are different, the molecule is a ______

Back 26

compound

Front 27

Molecules

The three types of bonds are

Back 27

Ionic
Covalent
Hydrogen

Front 28

Molecules

Define ionic bonds

Back 28

Ionic bonds form between two atoms when one or more electrons are completely transferred from one atom to the other. The atom that gains electrons has an overall negative charge, and the atom that donates electrons has an overall positive charge.

Front 29

Molecules

Why are these atoms called ions?

Back 29

Because of their positive or negative charges, these atoms are ions.

Front 30

Molecules

Define covalent bonds

Back 30

Covalent bonds form when electrons are shared between atoms. That is, neither atom completely retains possession of the electrons (as happens with atoms that form ionic bonds).

Front 31

Molecules

When two atoms sharing electrons are exactly the same, the electrons are shared equally, and the bond is a _____ covalent bond

Back 31

Nonpolar

Front 32

Molecules

Polar colvalent bonds form when

Back 32

unequal distribution of the electrons creates areas within the molecule that have either a negative or positive charge (H2O)

Front 33

Molecules

Hydrogen are weak bonds that form between ____ and ____

Back 33

the positively charged hydrogen atom in one covalently bonded molecule and the negatively charged area of another covalently bonded molecule.

Front 34

Inorganic Compounds

Define hydrophillic

Back 34

Warer loving

Front 35

Inorganic Compounds

Polar covalent substances are water _____

Back 35

soluble

Front 36

Inorganic Compounds

Nonpolar covalent substances do not dissolve in water and are called

Back 36

hydrophobic

Front 37

Organic Compounds

Large organic compounds are called______

Back 37

macromolecules

Front 38

Organic Compounds

Polymers are molecules that consist of a ________

Back 38

a single unit (monomer) repeated many times.