Chemistry Finale

Front 1

What is the carbon-carbon bond angle around carbon #2 of 2-methyl-2-propene?

Back 1

120º

Front 2

true about 2-methyl-2-pentene and 3-methyl-2-pentene

Back 2

3-methyl-2-pentene exhibits cis-trans isomerism, but 2-methyl-2-pentene does not.

Front 3

what is the product for the reaction: CH₂=CH₂ + Br₂ →

Back 3

CH₂BrCH₂Br

Front 4

The product for the reaction below is: CH₃CH=CH₂+ HCl→

Back 4

CH₃CHClCH₃

Front 5

When hydrogen chloride is present in excess, the product for the reaction below is: CH≡CH + HCl →

Back 5

CH₃CHCl₂

Front 6

a homologous family of unsaturated hydrocarbons

Back 6

Alkenes Alkynes Aromatics

Front 7

According to IUPAC naming rules, a carbon-carbon triple bond is indicated by the ending:

Back 7

yne

Front 8

aromatic compounds

Back 8

C₆H₅OH
C₆H₆
C₆H₅CH₃

Front 9

How many dichloroethene geometric isomers are possible?

Back 9

3

Front 10

The double bond in an alkene consists of:

Back 10

a sigma bond and a pi bond

Front 11

How many sigma bonds does the following molecule have? CH3CH = CH2

Back 11

8

Front 12

structural feature that is never associated with cis-trans isomerism?

Back 12

triple bonds

Front 13

formula that represents an unsaturated hydrocarbon

Back 13

C₆H₆ C₄H₆

Front 14

two names that represent different compounds

Back 14

1,2-dichlorobenzene and meta-dichlorobenzene

Front 15

How many hydrogen atoms are needed to saturate the open chain compound C₈H12?

Back 15

6

Front 16

the correct name for CH₂=CH₂

Back 16

ethene

Front 17

the correct name for CH≡CH

Back 17

ethyne

Front 18

the correct name for CH₃CH₂CH = CH₂

Back 18

1-butene

Front 19

the correct name for CH₃C ≡ CCH₃

Back 19

2-butyne

Front 20

compounds insoluble in water

Back 20

Ethene
Propene
1-Butene

Front 21

How many different products will form when Br2 reacts with 1-butene in the absence of UV radiation?

Back 21

One

Front 22

When 1-hexene and bromine are mixed together the resulting mixture is reddish brown. Over a period of time the reddish brown color dissipates. Why does the reddish brown color dissipate?

Back 22

Because Br2 is reddish brown. Br2 is consumed during the reaction causing the reddish brown color to dissipate+.

Front 23

Markovnikov is:

Back 23

The name of a Russian chemist

Front 24

The compound with the formula C5H10 can be either an alkene or a cycloalkane.

Back 24

True

Front 25

There are two isomers of dibromobenzene, C₆H₄Br₂.

Back 25

False

Front 26

1-pentene and cyclopentane are isomers.

Back 26

True

Front 27

When HCl adds to a double bond, the chlorine atom will attach to the carbon atom that has the greater number of hydrogen atoms

Back 27

False

Front 28

When Cl₂ is added to the molecule CH₃CH = CH₂, the product is CH₃CH₂Cl.

Back 28

False

Front 29

The geometry of organic compounds can affect their biological activity.

Back 29

True

Front 30

How many sigma bonds and pi bonds are in 3-isopropylcyclobutene?

Back 30

1 pi bond and 18 sigma bonds.

Front 31

Give the IUPAC names for five compounds with the formula C₄H₈.

Back 31

cyclobutane, 1-butene, 2-methylpropene, cis-2-butene, trans-2-butene

Front 32

Give two reasons why it is believed that benzene does not consist of typical single and double bonds between the carbon atoms.

Back 32

Benzene does not react like a typical alkene, for example it does not add bromine as is seen in propene, thus typical double bonds are not present. Also, X-ray diffraction data shows that the distance between the carbon atoms is less than the carbon-carbon single bond distance, and greater than the carbon-carbon double bond distance.

Front 33

the correct molecular formula for chloroform

Back 33

CHCl3

Front 34

can exist as more than one isomer

Back 34

C3H7Cl

Front 35

Which formula can be a cycloalkane

Back 35

C5H10

Front 36

The number of monochlorination substitution products of hexane is:

Back 36

3

Front 37

The carbon-carbon bond angle in an open chain alkane is usually:

Back 37

109.5º

Front 38

Identify the next compound in this homologous series: propane, butane, pentane, _____

Back 38

hexane

Front 39

How many primary carbon atoms are present in 3-isopropylhexane?

Back 39

6

Front 40

Which formula represents an alkane (alkene or alkyne)?

Back 40

CnH2n+2

Front 41

How many monochloro isomers are possible for 2-methylhexane?

Back 41

6

Front 42

How many dichloro isomers are possible for propane?

Back 42

4

Front 43

Which of the following is true regarding cyclobutane (cyclopropane, cyclohexane)?

Back 43

The carbon-carbon bonds are under considerable strain.

Front 44

Butane is best described as an:

Back 44

aliphatic hydrocarbon

Front 45

The molar mass of 2,3-dichlorobutane is (must be able to write the molecular formula and calculate the molar mass for any compound discussed in class or homework)

Back 45

127 g/mol

Front 46

Identify the correct IUPAC name for CH3CH2CH3.

Back 46

Propane

Front 47

correct name for the alkane shown with it

Back 47

CH4, methane
C3H8, propane
C9H20, nonane

Front 48

represents the condensed structural formula of pentane (any other alkane)?

Back 48

CH3(CH2)3CH3

Front 49

How many possible isomers exist having the molecular formula C5H12 ( butane, pentane, hexane)?

Back 49

3

Front 50

Which formula represents a cycloalkane

Back 50

CnH2n

Front 51

Which of the following is a correct molecular formula for a cycloalkane?

Back 51

C6H12

Front 52

How many hydrogen atoms are present in a butane molecule?

Back 52

10

Front 53

Ethane reacts with chlorine in the presence of light to form chloroethane. What type of chemical reaction is this?

Back 53

Substitution

Front 54

How many monochlorinated isomers can be formed from the chlorination of heptane?

Back 54

Four

Front 55

Which molecular formula corresponds to cycloheptane (any other cycloalkane)?

Back 55

C7H14

Front 56

Which element is found in all organic compounds?

Back 56

Carbon

Front 57

A theory that predicts the shapes of molecules is:

Back 57

Valence shell electron pair repulsion theory

Front 58

What elements are found in organic molecules?

Back 58

Oxygen
Nitrogen
Sulfur

Front 59

examples of hydrocarbons

Back 59

Alkanes
Alkenes
Alkynes

Front 60

How many primary carbon atoms does hexane (any other alkane/alkene) have?

Back 60

Two

Front 61

True/False:
A methane molecule is composed of a carbon atom bonded to four hydrogen atoms, all five atoms lie in the same plane, and all bond angles are 90 degrees.

Back 61

False

Front 62

True/False:
Alkanes are straight or branched-chain hydrocarbons having only single covalent bonds between the carbon atoms.

Back 62

True

Front 63

True/False:
When compounds have the same molecular formula but different structures they are called isotopes.

Back 63

False

Front 64

True/False:
The chemical products of the complete combustion of a hydrocarbon are carbon dioxide and water.

Back 64

True

Front 65

True/False:
Cycloalkanes contain two less hydrogens than the open-chain alkane with the same number of carbon atoms.

Back 65

True

Front 66

True/False:
Cyclohexane and methylcyclopentane are isomers.

Back 66

True

Front 67

True/False:
The general formula for an alkane is CnH2n+2..

Back 67

True

Front 68

True/False:
Compounds that are isomers of each other always have the same melting points.

Back 68

False

Front 69

D-ribose and L-ribose are examples of

Back 69

enantiomers

Front 70

The common starch polymer which is non-branched and forms a helical structure in solution is called

Back 70

amylose

Front 71

If two sugars are related by mutarotation, they must represent a pair of:

Back 71

anomers

Front 72

A compound with the formula C12H22O11, was isolated from a certain plant seed. Hydrolysis in acid yielded only glucose. What was the compound?

Back 72

maltose

Front 73

true about lactose

Back 73

It is hydrolyzed by lactase.
It is metabolized by bacteria that live in the large intestines.
It is produced in mammary glands.

Front 74

true about glucose

Back 74

It is also called blood sugar, grape sugar, and dextrose.
It does not require digestion.
It has four chiral carbons.

Front 75

true about cellulose

Back 75

It is the most abundant organic chemical in the world.
Paper, cotton, and gun cotton are made from cellulose.
It has greater resistance to hydrolysis than either starch or glycogen.

Front 76

true about starch

Back 76

Partial hydrolysis yields maltose.
Alpha-glycosidic bonds link the monomers together.
It is insoluble in cold water.

Front 77

19. The hydrolysis of an oligosaccharide results in:

Back 77

two to six monosaccharides that may or may not be the same

Front 78

The most abundant organic chemical in the world is:

Back 78

Cellulose

Front 79

D-glucose and L-glucose are:

Back 79

enantiomers

Front 80

Beta-D-glucose and alpha-D-glucose are:

Back 80

anomers and diastereomers

Front 81

For a compound to be classed as a lipid, it must:

Back 81

be soluble in nonpolar solvents

Front 82

What is the defining characteristic of a lipid?

Back 82

All lipids are soluble in non-polar organic solvents.

Front 83

A cephalin is also known as:

Back 83

phosphatidyl ethanolamine

Front 84

Phosphatidyl choline is an example of a:

Back 84

phospholipid

Front 85

A sphingolipid always contains:

Back 85

sphingosine

Front 86

What is the difference between saturated fatty acids and unsaturated fatty acids?

Back 86

Unsaturated fatty acids have double bonds, saturated fatty acids do not.

Front 87

the parent molecule for steroids

Back 87

Cholesterol

Front 88

Cholesterol is a:

Back 88

steroid

Front 89

involved in cholesterol transport

Back 89

very low density lipoprotein
low density lipoprotein
high density lipoprotein

Front 90

characteristic of a cell membrane

Back 90

The bilayer interior is formed from the hydrophobic regions of two adjoining layers of lipid molecules.

The surface of the membrane is hydrophilic.

Proteins allow the transport of hydrophilic substances across the membrane.

Front 91

Waxes are composed of:

Back 91

one long chain fatty acid and one long chain alcohol.

Front 92

simple lipids

Back 92

fat
oil
wax

Front 93

true of waxes

Back 93

Some of them protect leaves and fruits.

They contain an ester bond.

They are one of the most hydrophobic classes of lipids.

Front 94

true about phospholipids

Back 94

They contain two fatty acid molecules.

They have a hydrophobic region and a hydrophilic region.

They are found in cell membranes.

Front 95

What effect does the inclusion of cholesterol in a lipid bilayer membrane have on the properties of the membrane?

Back 95

The inclusion of cholesterol in the lipid bilayer adds rigidity to the membrane.

Front 96

Which of the following best describe the composition of sphingomyelin?

Back 96

contains sphingosine + 1 fatty acid + +Phosphoric acid + choline

Front 97

Which of the following best describe the composition of cerebroside?

Back 97

contains sphingosine + 1 fatty acid + galactose

Front 98

describe the composition of oil

Back 98

contains glycerol +3 fatty acids

Front 99

describe the composition of lecithin

Back 99

contains glycerol + 2 fatty acids + phosphoric acid + choline

Front 100

types of compound lipids

Back 100

Phospholipid
Sphingolipid
Glycolipid

Front 101

compound lipids found in biological membranes

Back 101

glycolipids
cephalins
lecithins

Front 102

True about fat molecules

Back 102

Fat molecules are approximately 75% carbon by mass

Front 103

true about fat energy

Back 103

On average humans store about two to three weeks of energy as fat

Front 104

Which is present in biological membranes?

Back 104

Phospholipids, sphingolipids, and glycolipids are present in biological membranes

Front 105

A peptide is known to have the sequence (Gly-Try-Asp)n. This provides information about its:

Back 105

primary structure

Front 106

Because hemoglobin has a quaternary structure, oxygen binding to this protein is:

Back 106

cooperative

Front 107

The protein primary structure is held together by:

Back 107

peptide bonds

Front 108

A regular, three-dimensional structure, which provides strength for protein, most probably falls into the class of:

Back 108

secondary structure

Front 109

The Beta-pleated sheet is an example of:

Back 109

a secondary protein structure.

Front 110

Tertiary protein structure is:

Back 110

the overall conformation or shape of a single polypeptide chain.

Front 111

What type of amino acid interactions stabilize tertiary protein structure?

Back 111

Covalent bonds.
Ionic bonds.
Hydrogen bonds.

Front 112

Which amino acid has residues that will participate in disulfide bonds?

Back 112

Cysteine

Front 113

Fibrous proteins contain highly developed __________ structure.

Back 113

secondary

Front 114

will cause protein hydrolysis

Back 114

strong acid
strong base
enzymes

Front 115

What type of protein structure develops when two proteins combine to form one larger protein?

Back 115

quaternary structure

Front 116

fibrous proteins

Back 116

fibroin
collagen
alpha-keratin

Front 117

true about collagen

Back 117

Collagen molecules are stacked like cordwood to form tough fibers.

Each collagen protein is composed of 3 helices wrapped around each other.

Collagen provides support for bone, ligaments, tendons, and skin.

Front 118

contributes to tertiary structure

Back 118

hydrogen bonds
ionic bonds
disulfide bonds

Front 119

Combining three amino acids produces:

Back 119

a tripeptide + 2 water molecules

Front 120

what is responsible for the secondary structure of proteins

Back 120

hydrogen bonding along the peptide backbone

Front 121

what is responsible for the tertiary structure of proteins

Back 121

interactions between amino acid side chains

Front 122

what is responsible for the quaternary structure of proteins

Back 122

noncovalent bonds between subunits

Front 123

agents that can denature proteins?

Back 123

salt
alcohol
UV light

Front 124

examples of globular proteins

Back 124

Myoglobin
Hemoglobin

Front 125

True about proteins

Back 125

Proteins are present in every living cell.

Proteins are one of the three major classes of foods.

Proteins that yield only amino acids upon hydrolysis are called simple proteins.

Front 126

What are conjugated proteins?

Back 126

Proteins that yield products other than amino acids when they are hydrolyzed

Front 127

D-alanine and L-alanine are _____

Back 127

structural isomers

Front 128

correct concerning the tripeptide Ala-Pro-Gly

Back 128

The Ala is the N-terminal residue

The Gly is the C-terminal residue

The tripeptide contains two peptide bonds

Front 129

Before a dietary protein can be used to provide nutrition:

Back 129

the primary, secondary, tertiary, and quaternary structure of the protein must be destroyed

Front 130

components of DNA and RNA

Back 130

phosphoric acid

a pentose sugar

nitrogen-containing bases

Front 131

pyrimidine bases

Back 131

thymine
uracil
cytosine

Front 132

The two strands of DNA are held together by:

Back 132

hydrogen bonding

Front 133

The three components of a nucleotide are:

Back 133

a five-carbon sugar, a heterocyclic amine base and a phosphate group

Front 134

base pair in a 1:1 ratio in double stranded DNA

Back 134

adenine: thymine

Front 135

upon hydrolysis, cellobiose yields:

Back 135

only beta-glucose

Front 136

when phosphatidic acid is bonded to ethanolamine the resulting phospholipid is called:

Back 136

a cephalin

Front 137

The R group for the amino acid glutamic acid is:

Back 137

-CH2CH2COOH

Front 138

chiral amino acids

Back 138

alanine
serine
valine

Front 139

describe the composition of sphingolipids

Back 139

contains sphingosine + 1 fatty acid + a hydrophilic group (either phosphate and choline, or a carbohydrate)

Front 140

a decrease in pH _____ the affinity of hemoglobin for oxygen

Back 140

decreases

Front 141

a decrease in concentration of CO2 _____ the affinity of hemoglobin for oxygen

Back 141

increases

Front 142

true about the tripeptide Cys-Gly-Ser

Back 142

the tripeptide contains 2 peptide bonds

there are a total of six different tripeptides that can be formed from Cys, Gly, and Ser

The Ser is the C-terminal residue

Front 143

describe essential amino acids

Back 143

the amino acids that cannot be synthesized by the organism involved and must be supplied in the diet

Front 144

esters of high molar mass fatty acids and high molar mass alcohols are called:

Back 144

waxes

Front 145

true about hemoglobin

Back 145

it is a globular protein that binds oxygen in the red blood cells

it is a transport protein

it has a quaternary structure

Front 146

combining four amino acids produces:

Back 146

a tetrapeptide + 3 water molecules

Front 147

true about beta-keratins

Back 147

they have beta conformation

adjacent polypeptide chains run antiparallel

polypeptide chains are hydrogen bonded

Front 148

oxygen binding to hemoglobin when the first oxygen facilitates the binding of the second, then the third and fourth oxygen is called:

Back 148

cooperative

Front 149

will destroy the primary structure of a protein

Back 149

strong acid such as HCl

strong base such as NaOH

enzyme

Front 150

if the protein helps transport without using energy, the process is called:

Back 150

facilitated diffusion

Front 151

describe the composition of a biological membrane

Back 151

hydrophilic exterior and hydrophobic interior

Front 152

compounds found in biological membranes

Back 152

cholesterol

proteins

lipids

Front 153

true about fats, waxes, and oils

Back 153

fats and waxes are solids due to a higher composition of saturated fatty acids while oils are liquids due to a higher composition of unsaturated fatty acids

Front 154

the tertiary structure of a protein molecule is held together by a variety of interactions between amino acid side chains including:

Back 154

hydrogen bonding

ionic bonding

disulfide bonding