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25 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Smallest functional units of matter forms all chemical substances
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atoms
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cannont be broken down into any chemical substances
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atoms
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protons and neutrons are located in the
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nucleus
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where electrons travel (regions sorrounding neucleus)
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orbitals
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numbers dont change and equals the numbers of electrons
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protons
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multile forms of elements that differs in the number of neutrons
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isotopes
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number of theese stay the same
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protons
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2 or more atoms bonded together
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molecules
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Composed of 2 or more elements
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compound
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bonds that dont last very long
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hydrogen bonds
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bonds where an atom gains or loses an electrons
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ionic bonds
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electrons are equally shared between atoms
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non-polar covalent bond
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the larger nucleus holds the elctrons more tightly
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polar covalent bonds
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positivley charged ions
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cations
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negativiley charged ions
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anions
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hydrophilic
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water loving
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ready to dissolve in water
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hydrophilic
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ionic and polar covalent bonds
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hydrophilic
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hydrophobic
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water fearing
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do not dissolve in water easily
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hydrophobic
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nonpolar molecules
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hydrophobic
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Amphipathic Molecules
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have both ionized and non polar regions
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addition of solutes to water
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lowers its freezing points below 0 degrees
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addition of solutes raises
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its boiling point to 100 degrees C
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buffers
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help to keep a conastant pH
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