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13 Cards in this Set
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A. MITCHELL PALMER |
• Attorney General in 1920s • Palmer Raids= series of raids to round up/arrest about 6,000 suspected Communists • controversial raids by the US DoJ and Immigration/Naturalization Service * Showcased the extreme American rxn to the Red Scare. His practices normalized an anti-red, anti-foreign sentiment in the gov't that we still see today. |
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ERNEST HEMMINGWAY |
• American writer. member of the Lost Gen. • won Nobel Prize for literature in 1954 • among the writers most affected by the war (he had seen action on the Italian front in 1917) • writing responded to pernicious propaganda and the overblown appeal to patriotism • The Sun Also Rises (1926)=>disillusioned, spiritually numb American expatriates in Europe • A Farewell to Arms (1929)=> war experience * As a member of the Lost Generation, He addressed the many major issues of society during the Jazz Age and was successful in helping the public acknowledge these conflicts through literature. |
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AL CAPONE |
• Italian, murderous gang leader/bootlegger • terrorized Chicago during Prohibition until arrested for tax evasion • "Scarface"; from Chicago, controlled a large network of speakeasies • Wasn't convicted of the St. Valentine Massacre * Unfortunate product of Prohibition. W/ him and increased organized crime rates, Prohibition was ultimately a failure. |
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RED SCARE |
• after Bolshevik Russian Revolution of 1917 • nationwide fear that communists, socialists, anarchists/ Soviet Union would take over America in 1919-1920 • Wall street bombed. Palmer's house bombed. * Led to a nationwide crusade against left-wingers, through the Palmer Raiding. Arguably, Russians suffered the most. Godsend to conservative businesspeople—broke backs of unions |
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JOHN T. SCOPES |
• HS biology teacher=indicted for teaching evolution in "Scopes Monkey Trial" in Dayton, TN • tested the Butler Act=unlawful "to teach any theory that denies the story of the Divine Creation of man as taught in the Bible, and to teach instead that man has descended from a lower order of animals" in any TN state-funded school and university. • William Jennings Bryan= prosecutor. famous criminal attorney, Clarence Darrow=defense • guilty and fined $100; TN S. court set fine aside on a technicality * Represented the rift b/t Fundamentalist vs. the Modernist , new vs. old, biology vs. theology. Critical turning point in the American creation-evolution controversy as it questioned and shifted public opinion away from Fundamentalism. |
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SACCO AND VANZETTI CASE |
• 1921 Mass. murder trial. • Nicola Sacco & Bartolomeo Vanzetti convicted on circumstantial evidence • jury and judge prejudiced against defendants b/c they were Italians, atheists, anarchists, and draft dodgers • execution of the defendants= heavily influenced by anti-foreign /radical thinking • "judicial lynching" * Showed that people were afraid of other's heritage, not necessarily their deeds. Martyrs in the class struggle for immigrants, communists and radicals. Showed how far liberals will fight for the targeted.
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HENRY FORD |
• founder of Ford Motor Co., father of modern assembly lines, and inventor credited w/ 161 patents • Model-T car, which sold at an affordable price • increased his workers’ wages and instituted many modern concepts of regular work hours and job benefits * In many cases, the conditions in Assembly lines violates workers rights. Big businesses either exploit workers or don't look into the disgusting conditions. The Impact of the Automobile was that it replaced the railroad industry and that now, the steel, glass, rubber and highway industries were dependent on it. |
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KLU KLUX KLAN |
• Resurged White supremacist/ nativist org that intimidated marginalized groups out of their new liberties • ANTI: foreign, Catholic, black, Jewish, pacifist, Communist, internationalist, evolution, bootlegger, gambling, adultery, and birth control • PRO: Anglo-Saxon, native american, Protestant • Grew 5 mil. members • White hoods, burning crosses, tar and feathers and lynching • Had political influence * extreme push for White Supremacy that was prevalent during the 1960s and even today in our police force and other institutions. Shows an opponent to the growth that the U.S was making in a social aspect. |
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CHARLES LINDBERGH |
• 1927: first person to fly solo across the Atlantic Ocean in the Spirit of St. Louis, from NY to Paris in 33 hours and 39 minutes * His journey opened the door for a business of Aviation, and also opened the possibilty of commercial planes, and passenger planes going to and from across the Atlantic Ocean. Also it gave a America a young hero to look up to during the years of depression. |
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EMERGENCY QUOTA ACT |
• 192, Harding law in which limited Euro immigration to 3% of the # of foreign-born persons from a given nation counted in the 1910 census • southern/eastern euro pop fell dramatically * Idea of Nativism that only favored cultures similar to them (Northern/Western) in order to protect nation was introduced and we still see the effects of this mindset today. |
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MARGARET SANGER |
• feminist, leader of the birth control movement • Founded first birth control clinic in the U.S. and the American Birth Control League, which later became Planned Parenthood. • pioneered efforts to make birth-control information available, in part to rescue working-class women from burdens of having large numbers of children. * She challenged laws that prohibited the use of contraceptives. Through her efforts, laws that prohibited contraceptives were overturned and women gained rights. |
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IMMIGRATION QUOTA ACT |
• 1924; Coolidge • cut quotas for foreigners from 3 % to 2% of the total number of potential immigrants. • aim was to restrict the entry from S & E Europe, while welcoming large numbers from Britain, Ireland, and Northern Europe. • door was shut absolutely against Japanese immigrants; exempt were Canadians and Latin Americans. Led to conflict w/ Japan * Marked end of unrestricted immigration and normalized nativist and racist sentiments of professional institutions, like the gov't, that we still see today. |
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F. SCOTT FITZGERALD |
• novelist and chronicler of the jazz age • coined the term jazz age • lost gen. member • The Great Gatsby, examined the corruption and overbearing materialism present during the ‘Roaring Twenties’ * As a member of the Lost Generation, He addressed the many major issues of society during the Jazz Age and was successful in helping the public acknowledge these conflicts through literature. |
