Chapter 19 History Study Guide

Front 1

absolutism

Back 1

monarch that ruled state with absolute authority
today, that would be considered a dictator

Front 2

Henry 4th

Back 2

firt monarch of the new royal family (bourbons)
he converted to catholicism to help bring peace to france
issued Edict of Nantes

Front 3

Edict of Nantes

Back 3

gaurunteed freedom of worship

Front 4

Louis 13th

Back 4

was 8 yrs old when he took overn france (father died)
his mother ruled until louis took throne in 1617 f

Front 5

cardinal richelieu

Back 5

chief minister to louis 13th
worked to take power away from nobles and political rights away from heugenots

Front 6

thirty years war

Back 6

began in prague in 1618
protestants vs. holy roman empire

Front 7

louis 14th

Back 7

the sun king
longest reign in french history (72 years)
tried to gain abolute rule by divine of kings ( chosen by god to rule)
important nobles forced to live at palace of verailles

Front 8

what was henry 4th primary problem when he first came to take the throne

Back 8

when he first came to the throne he was a heugenot

Front 9

why was lois 13th considered a weak and wise king

Back 9

weak: he was sick and could not concentrate
wise: he chose wise advisors who provided strong leadership

Front 10

who was the thirty years war between

Back 10

protestants vs holy roman empire
france sweden denmark vs hapsburg family

Front 11

what did cardinal richelieu work on doing during the thirty years war

Back 11

he worked on keeping the war going but keeping france out

Front 12

where did most of the thirty years war take place

Back 12

germany

Front 13

what was the result of the thirty years war

Back 13

treaty of westphalia
france recieves alsace territory around rhine river. Independence to netherlands and switzerland

Front 14

3 factors that seperated russia from western europe

Back 14

1. before 1480, mongol ruled for 200 years. (asian influence)
2. practiced eastern orthodox rather than roman catholic or protestant (religion)
3. cyrillic alphabet (communication problems)

Front 15

Micheal Romanov

Back 15

elected as czar in 1613

Front 16

romanov family

Back 16

large, powerful, and wealthy
ruled russia for next 300 years
russia becomes leading european power

Front 17

peter the great

Back 17

ruthless like ivan
he wanted to acquire ports ont he sea of azov and black sea
disguised himself as a private citizen and visits western europe to ask for help, but they say no

Front 18

nobility

Back 18

individuals nobles rank depending on government service

Front 19

catherine the great

Back 19

supported art sscience literature and theater. expansion of perter the great

Front 20

first partition of poland

Back 20

prussia austria and russia siezed slices of poland territory for themselves

Front 21

second partition of poland

Back 21

same thing as the first partition of poland, but this time only russia and prussia seized slices of poland territory.
200,000 miles under catherine the great

Front 22

what was peter the greats main goal as ruler
and what was the problem with his goal

Back 22

acquire water ports on sea of azov and black sea
problem was areas controlled by ottoman empire

Front 23

what was the solution to the problem of peter the greats main goal as ruler
what was the postitve that came out of his solution

Back 23

his solution was to disguise himself as a private citizen and visit western europe
postitive: learned many thing about the west

Front 24

throught peter the greats trip, how does he improve with the army, social changes, government, and nobility

Back 24

army: starts war with sweden, moved capital to the new city of st petersburg
social: women are less isolated from society. nobles shaved off beards
gov: encouraged manufacturing and fur trade

Front 25

why was russia lagging behind the rest of europe by 200 years

Back 25

because mongol ruled for 200 years

Front 26

maria theresa

Back 26

pragmatic sanction allowed her to inherit all the hapsburg lands

Front 27

pragmatic sanction

Back 27

allowed marial theresa to inherit all the hapsburg lands

Front 28

hohenzollerns (where did the rule and thier goal

Back 28

ruled brandenburg- prusia (austrians chief rival)
goal: increase power and gain more land

Front 29

frederick william (great elector)

Back 29

unified armies into one strong force. he improved tax system, agriculture, industry, and transportation

Front 30

frederick william 1st

Back 30

ended lavished spending, doubled size of army and made efficient fighting force. children required to go to school.

Front 31

frederick the great (frederick 2nd)

Back 31

wrote poetry played the flute read philosophy.
worked to expand territory and prestige of prussi

Front 32

conflict between prussia and austria

Back 32

prussians seized silesia (maria theresa's territory) easily. started the war of austrian succession.

Front 33

reversal of alliances

Back 33

austria and great britian were alliances. great britian now allied with russia. france sided with austria and russia

Front 34

czar peter 3rd

Back 34

no desire to continue supporting prussias enemies. broke alliance

Front 35

king george 3rd

Back 35

made clear his intention to withdraw

Front 36

how did the war of austrian succession start

Back 36

frederick 2nd took prussian armu to selisia

Front 37

who was involved in the war of austrian succession

Back 37

prussia bavana spain france vs austria britian netherlands russia

Front 38

what was the outcome of the war of austrian succession

Back 38

austria , silecia went to prussia

Front 39

what was the turning point of the seven years war

Back 39

empress of russia, queen elizabeth died

Front 40

henry 8th

Back 40

established anglican chuch when the pope would not grant him a divorce

Front 41

mary 1st (bloody mary)

Back 41

first reigning queen of england.
devoted catholic: rutheless to anglican church (protestants) killing them.

Front 42

elizabeth 1st

Back 42

mary 1st protestant half sister. she never married

Front 43

mary queen of scots

Back 43

closest relative to elizabeth 1st. she would inherit the throne of england as well as reigning scotland. she fled to england, but elizabeth put her in prison, and when elizabeth found out about the plot that mary had made to kill her, she beheaded mary queen of scots.

Front 44

spanish armada

Back 44

impressive fleet of ships launched by philip 2nd of spain
defeated by england in 1588

Front 45

puritans

Back 45

people who object to the anglican church maintaining some catholic practices
they wanted to purify the englih church

Front 46

gentry

Back 46

land owners in england wo had social positions but no tithes

Front 47

burgsesses

Back 47

merchants and professional people from towns and cities

Front 48

james 1st

Back 48

ruled both scotland and england
strong supporter of anglican church
king james version of the bible

Front 49

essay: how did mary 1st earn the nickname bloody mary
explain in full details and use examples

Back 49

she was determined to make england a catholic nation again. aimed to destroy anglican church. she had more than 300 people burned at stake, including the archbishop of canterbury. she was utterly rutheles with protestants

Front 50

essay: what were the names of parliaments two houses? what were these two houses made up of? describle the two classes that the house of commons represented

Back 50

The parliament was made up of two houses: The House of Nobles, and The House of Commons. The House of Nobles was made up of, well, Nobles. The House of Commons was made of two types of people: Gentry, and Burgesses. A Gentry is a wealthy land owner. A Burgess is someone who's built up their wealth through their occupation (i.e. a successful merchant, or lawyer).

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