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40 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Electric circuit |
A closed path along which electrons powered by an energy source can flow and return to an energy source. |
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Voltaic cell |
A source of energy that generates an electric current by a chemical reaction involving two different metals or metal compounds separated by a solution that is a conductor. |
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Battery |
A connection of two or more cells. |
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Electrode |
One of two metals terminals in a cell or battery. |
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Electrolyte |
A solution or paste that conducts charge. |
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Dry cell |
A cell that contains an electrolyte that is a paste. |
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Wet cell |
A cell that contains a liquid electrolyte. |
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Primary cell |
A cell can only be used once. |
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Secondary cell |
A cell that can be recharged. |
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Fuel cell |
A cell that generates electricity through chemical reactions of fuel stored outside of the cell. |
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Solar cell |
A cell that converts sunlight into energy. |
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Terminal |
Location in a cell that must be connected to a component to form a circuit. (+ & - terminals) |
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Switch |
A control device and conductor that completes or breaks the circuit. |
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Connecting wires |
Metal wires that connect the components of a circuit (usually cooper or aluminum covered in rubber or plastic). |
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Open circuit |
A circuit that has a break or gap (no electrons are passing through) |
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Movements of electrons in a cell |
-the chemical reactions create charge separation. -one electrode has a build up of electrons becoming negative, the other has a deficit of electrons becoming positive. -the charge separation creates an electric field along the wires which exerts a force on the electrons in the circuit. -the field then causes electrons to move in one direction. |
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Coulomb |
The unit to measure electric charge. C= 6.25 X 10 to the power of 18 electrons |
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Electric current |
The rate of movement of electric charges (flow of electrons). Its symbol is I measured in amps (A= C per second) |
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Electrical resistance |
A property of a substance that hinders electric current (from collisions with ions or other electrons) and converts electrical energy to other forms of energy. Its symbol is R. measured in ohms (Ω) |
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Resistor |
Used to decrease the electric current through a component by a specific amount. |
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Load |
A resistor that converts electric energy into heat, mechanical (motion), sound or light. |
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Potential difference (voltage) |
The difference in energy of the electrons leaving the battery and the electrons that have passed through a load / resistor. Voltage is what pushes the energy through the circuit. Its symbol is V. measured in volts. |
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Series circuit |
Only one path for electrons to flow through, travel from - terminal to + terminal. If one resistor or bulb goes out, they all do. |
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Parallel circuit |
More than one path for electrons to travel through, move from - terminal to + terminal. If 1 burns out, the others will still work. |
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Complex circuit |
A combination of a series and parallel circuit. If the first one burns out, the others don't work. |
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How do you find: voltage, current, resistance? |
Voltage = I X R Current = V / R Resistance = V / I |
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Describe ohms law in a series circuit. |
-Current (I) remains the same
-Voltage (V) is added to get a total
-Resistance (R) is added to get a total |
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Describe ohms law in a parallel circuit. |
-Voltage (V) remains the same
-Current (I) is added to get a total
-Resistance (R) is 1/R added to get a total |
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Power |
The rate at which at which appliances use electricity
Measured in watts or kilowatts |
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Electrical energy |
Energy used by an appliance for a certain amount of time.
Measured in kw • h |
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Efficiency |
Measured in % |
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Cost |
Measured in cents |
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Phantom load |
Electricity that is consumed by an appliance when it is turned off. |
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Base load |
Continuous minimum demand for electrical power. |
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Energy output and input |
Measured in kj |
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Direct current |
Current in which electrons travel in only one direction l. |
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Alternating current |
Current in which electrons move back and forth in a circuit. |
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Transformer |
An electrical device used to change the potential difference of alternating current. |
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Circuit breaker |
A safety devices placed in series with other circuits to lead appliances to an outlet. |
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Fuse |
A safety device found in older buildings and some appliances (sane def as circuit breaker) |
