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53 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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How did the war with Mexico affect the slavery debate?
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The Mexican cession= US acquired 600,000 sq miles of land and the debate was over if that land would be free or slave.
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What were the proposals made to deal with issue of slavery in the Mexican Cession
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Wilmot Proviso-slavery would be banned in the Mexican Cession.
Popular Sovereignty--States choose if free or slave. proposed by Lewis Cass |
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How was the debate over the extension of slavery into the Mexican Cession solved
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Henry Clay and the Compromise of 1850.
-California comes in free, settled border dispute btw texas and new mexico favored New Mexico but compensated Texas by having the federal government pay take on its debts; congress would be prohibited from interfering with the domestic slave trade and would pass a new fugitive slave act to help southerners recover enslaved Blacks. |
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Why did the US make the Gadsden Purchase?
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proposal for an transcontinental railroad so they had to purchase land for railroad to run from southeast to west.
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What events led to "Bleeding Kansas"
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physical attack on town of lawrence and raised hell btw two governments of Kansas (pro-slavery and anti-slavery)
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What effect did the Kansas Nebraska Act have on the Whig Party
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Whigs split over the issue pro-slavery and anti-slavery
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Why did most free-soilers object to slavery
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they wanted to keep the west free of blacks and feared competition with blacks
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The Know-Nothings
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The American Party, Anti-Catholic, opposed immigration
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Why did Dred Scott sue the slaveholder
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he sued to end slavery; he argued that the time he spent in the free state made him free.
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Rulings of the Dred Scot case
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-Blacks are subordinate class and they are property
-Since the 5th ammendment protects property then no slave is free in a free state. -ruled the Missouri Compromise unconstitutional. |
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LeCompton Constitution
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-pro-slavery constitution-legalized slavery in Kansas
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Freeport Doctorine
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accepted Dred Scott ruling but people of territory could exclude slavery by refusing to pass laws
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What happened at Harper's Ferry, VA
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raid on ammunitions;
John Brown organized a raid against an ammunition cache -insurrection against slave holders |
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Which southern state was the first to secede
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South Carolina on Dec. 8, 1860
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The Confederacy
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President-Jefferson Davis
-banned protective tariffs -states were stronger -no central power -pres served 1 six year term -the two capitals were richmond and Montgomery |
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Compromises as the South states seceded
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Crittenden's compromise--reinstated the Missouri Compromise Line
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What key points did Lincoln make in his inaugural adress
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-reaffirmed his commitment to not interfere in slavery where it existed
-did not recognize the confederacy -hold/occupy arsenals |
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When, Where, and why did the civil war begin
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lincoln sent federal troops into forts in confederacy April 12 1861
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Compare the strengths of the North and South
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south-war was fought on southern soil, tredegar iron works
North-bigger population, more money, controlled National treasury, 80% of all industry |
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How did the North and the South finance the war
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North-passed the tender Act of 1862 printed greenbacks, imposed tariffs, income taxes
South-taxed trade, taxed property, printed money ->9000% inflation (hyperinflation) |
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copperheads
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Peace Democrats-wanted to neogiate end to the war with south. opponents were war democrats
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What affect did conscription have on the North
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North Democrats opposed and riots broke out to quell the riots; Lincoln suspends Habeas corpus
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First Bull Run
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Confederate Victory, took place 25 miles south of Washington DC. Union retreated because unprepared.
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Second Bull Run
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Lee decided to attack the Union forces defending Washington. Lees forces crossed into Maryland and begun to invade the North. Confederate victory
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Battle of Iron Clads
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southerners hoped to break the Union blockade with a secret weapon--the ironclad.
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Battle of New Orleans
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Union Navy fought to seize New Orleans and gain control over the lower Mississippi Territory. Union victory (Farragut)
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Shiloh
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Grant wanted to seize Corinth which was the Confederacy's only rail line connection Mississippi and Tennessee. 20 miles north of Corinth near a small church named Shiloh.
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Antietam
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the bloodiest one-day battle. Union victory
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Vicksburg
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union wanted to capture vicksburg, which was the last major confederate stronghold on the river.
cut the North and South in two. |
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Mufreesboro
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deprived the confederacy of "hogs and harmony"
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Gettysburg
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Lee launched an invasion of the North but union held their ground. Strengthened the republicans
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Emancipation Proclamation
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All enslaved persons in states of rebellion as of Jan. 1863 freed. African Americans can fight in the Union Army.
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Why did Lincoln doubt he could win the 1864 election
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North was growing tired of the war so nominated McCullen a peace democrat. but when sherman took ATL won the peoples favor to Lincoln
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Where did Lee surrender and what were the conditions of his surrender
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Sheraton trapped Lee with Grant and Lee surrendered at the Appomatox court house
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Lincoln's assassination
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April 14, 1865, John Wilks Booth shot Lincoln in the head.
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What were the purposes of the Freedmen's Bureau
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-Deal with freed men and refugee crisis.
-Education for slaves -special courts -reunited separated families |
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What was President Lincoln's planned approach to reconstruction.
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10% plan- if 10% of citizens sworn to accept unions proclamation on slavery the could organize a new state government.
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Why did the Radical Republicans oppose this plan
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they did not want to reconcile with the south they wanted to Revolutionize the south.
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Who were the Radical Republicans
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congress members led by Thaddeus Stevens and Charles Sumner.
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What were the radical republican's goals
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-wanted to prevent leaders of the Confederacy from returning to power
-wanted Republican Party to become a powerful institution in South. -African Americans and political equality |
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Wade-Davis Bill
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In response to Lincoln's 10% plan created by moderates and radicals. This bill required the majority of the adult white men in a former Confederate state to take an oath of allegiance to the Union.
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Who did Johnson blame for the Civil War
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rich planter elite
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13th amendment
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part of Johnson's reconstruction plan outlawed slavery
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Civil Rights Act of 1866
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gave citizen ship to all people born in the U.S. except Native Americans
-Allowed blacks to own land -said that states can not pass discriminatory laws. |
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14th amendment
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grants citizenship to all people born or naturalized in the U.S.
-extended due process to state law -states can not deny anyone equal protection under the law |
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15th amendment
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-prohibited discriminatory voting rights on the basis of race color or previous state of servitude
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What two laws did the Radical Republicans pas to reduce presidential power
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- the command of the Army Act
-Tenure of Office Act |
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What facto played a significant role in the 1868 presidential election
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African Americans can now vote and they vote for Republican party.
15th amendment ratification |
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How did Southerners react to the Reconstruction governments imposed upon them
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-joined Democratic party
-refused to register to vote/protested -KKK |
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When was the KKK formed
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1866 by former Confederate soldiers in Palaski, TN.
goal: destroy the Republican party through violence and intimidation |
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How did the Amnesty Act strengthen Democratic power
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returned the right to vote and hold office to confederates.
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How did grant weaken the power of the Executive Branch
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left all policy making to legislative branch
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Why did the Liberal Republicans oppose Grant
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they did not like his policies
-high tariffs -increased federal spending transport -syntax on alcohol they thought they only benefited the rich. |
