Chapter 1, World History

Front 1

Artifact

Back 1

Human made objects such as tools and jewelry.

Front 2

Culture

Back 2

A People's unique way of life.

Front 3

Hominid

Back 3

Humans and other creatures that walk upright.

Front 4

Paleolithic Age

Back 4

A period of time, also known as the Old Stone Age, that lasted from about 2.5 million yr. to 8000 B.C.

Front 5

Neolithic Age

Back 5

A period of time, also known as the New Stone Age. People during this time learned to polish stone tools, make pottery, grow crops, and raise animals.

Front 6

Technology

Back 6

The way that people use knowledge, tools, and inventions to meet their needs.

Front 7

Homo Sapiens

Back 7

The name for modern humans that means "Wise Men".

Front 8

Nomad

Back 8

A highly mobile people group who move from place to place foraging, or searching, for new sources of food.

Front 9

Hunter-Gatherer

Back 9

Nomadic groups whose food supply depends on hunting animals and collecting plants for food.

Front 10

Artisan

Back 10

Skilled workers who make goods by hand.

Front 11

Institution

Back 11

A long-lasting pattern of organization in a community such as government, and religion.

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Scribe

Back 12

These were professional record keepers.

Front 13

Cuneiform

Back 13

Meaning wedge-shaped, this was a form of writing developed by Sumerian scribes which used pictographs, or symbols, to show the meaning of a word.

Front 14

Bronze Age

Back 14

This period started in Sumer around 3000 B.C. when people started to use bronze to make weapons instead of stone and copper.

Front 15

Barter

Back 15

A way of trading goods and services without using money.

Front 16

Ziggurat

Back 16

A tiered, pyramid shaped temple, used as a place of religious worship. The word means "Mountain of God".

Front 17

Homo Erectus

Back 17

Meaning 'upright man', these human like creatures lived about 1.6 million years ago. They are believed to have developed technology, used fire, and had a spoken language.

Front 18

Catal Huyuk

Back 18

This site is believed to be one of the oldest settlements in the world. The people, who lived here around 72,000 years ago, in the Neolithic age, were farmers lived in mud brick houses.

Front 19

Ur

Back 19

This was a thriving city-state, in the region of Sumer. The people of this city had a class system, religious orders, and a thriving economy.

Front 20

Homo Habilis

Back 20

Meaning 'Man of Skill'. Remains of these people were found in Oldavai Gorge, in Tanzania, by Louis and Mary Leakey.

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Prehistoric

Back 21

This was a time period around 5000 years ago, before writing was invented.

Front 22

Lucy

Back 22

This was the adult skeleton of a female Hominid, discovered by Donald Johnson, in Ethiopie. She was named after the Beatles song "Lucy in the Sky With Diamonds".`

Front 23

Irrigation

Back 23

The process by which water is diverted from streams and other bodies of water, in order to water crops.

Front 24

Leakey's

Back 24

A husband and wife team of Anthropologists who made many of the greatest discoveries about early man.

Front 25

Shanidar Cave

Back 25

A cave found in Eastern Iraq, in which it is believed a funeral was held 60,000 years ago by a group of Neanderthals.

Front 26

Neanderthal

Back 26

These Human like people are believed to have lived around 200,000 to 30,000 years ago, when they mysteriously vanished. These people were supposedly very intelligent, and strong, with religious beliefs, and rituals.

Front 27

Cro-Magnon

Back 27

These people, who are identical to modern humans appeared around 40,000 years ago. They had new tools, planned hunts, and appear to have migrated from Northern Africa to Asia and Europe.

Front 28

Australopithecines

Back 28

Any hominid that walked upright.

Front 29

Olduvai Gorge

Back 29

The first bones of Homo Habilis were found here by Louis and Mary Leakey in the 1960's.

Front 30

Ice Man

Back 30

This Stone Age man, called Otsi, was found frozen in the Italian Alps and is believed to have died there around 5,000 years ago. He has given scientist a new insight in the early age of man.

Front 31

Neolithic Revolution

Back 31

Also known as the Agricultural Revolution, when people went from hunting and gathering for their food to farming.

Front 32

Slash-and-Burn Farming

Back 32

When people cut down trees or grasses and burned them in order to clear land for farming.

Front 33

Domestication

Back 33

The taming of wild animals such as horses, dogs, and pigs, for human use.

Front 34

Civilization

Back 34

A complex culture with five characteristics; 1) Advanced Cities, 2) Specialized Workers, 3) Complex Institutions, 4) Record Keeping, and 5) Advanced Technology.

Front 35

Specialization

Back 35

The development of skills in a specific kind of work.