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35 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Social Cognition |
Manner in which we interpret, analyze, remember, and use info about social world |
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Heuristics |
Simple rules for making complex decisions or drawing inferences in a rapid manner and seemingly effortless manner |
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Affect |
Current Feelings and Mood |
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Screen Memory |
Freud - past memory like looking through a movie screen while recent behind our eyes |
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Stimulus Factor |
Receiving and Processing of stimuli 1. Distal- Objects and Events of world Around you- accurate 2. Proximal- Patterns of distal stimuli that reaches our sense- inaccurate |
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Personal Factor |
Cognitive Development Schemas Heuristics |
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Information Overload |
Instances that exceeds our processing capability |
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Conditions of Uncertainty |
Correct answer takes a lot of work |
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Prototype |
Summary of common attributes possessed by members of a category |
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Representative Heuristics |
Making judgement based on extent that current stimuli or events resemble (protype) other stimuli or categories Error- People don't consider base rates millions of peaceful to 1 violent |
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Availability Heuristics |
Making Judgement on basis of how easily specific kinds of information can be brought to mind. Easier greater impact of judgment Error- quick to mind not real |
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Anchoring and Adjustment Heuristics |
Heuristics involves tendency to use number as starting point to make adjustments - bargaining prices |
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Status Quo |
Objects and options that have been around long must be better that new ones |
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Schema |
Mental Framework centering on specific theme that help us organize social information - not rational process |
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Priming |
Situation occurs when stimuli or events increase availability in memory or consciousness of specific type of information held in memory - recent experience makes some schemas more active which effect our current thinking |
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Unpriming |
Effects of schemas persist until they are expressed in thought or behavior- unpriming happens- and effect of primed schema gone |
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Perseverance Effect |
Tendency for beliefs and schemas to remain unchanged even in face of contradictory info |
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Self-Fulfilling Prohecy |
Influence Response to social world that make it consistent with schema- Rosenthal |
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Metaphors |
Linguistic device that relates or draws comparison between one abstract concept and another dissimilar concept Error- Primes a picture in mind and effect social judgement |
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Forming Schema |
1. Attention- what we notice 2. Encoding- Store in memory 3. Retrieval- Recover from memory Amygdala+ Pre-frontral Cortex 4. Mood- "Glow Effect" and Depression |
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Controlled Processing |
Mode of Social Thought Systematic, slow, weights everything, Prefrontal cortex- cognition "Switch book"- the driver |
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Automatic Processing |
Mode of Social Thought Fast, effortless, quick judgement, gut, Amygdala + limbic system "Switch" book- the elephant Satisfied Decision |
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Optimistic Bias |
Error in Social Cognition preposition that things to turn out well overall- overlook risks We do more well than others |
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Overconfidence Barrier |
Error in Social Cognition Tendency to have more confidence in accuracy of our own judgements than is reasonable- We don't know all info to compare - error of omission We think a subject is really easy- but there's more |
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Planning Fallacy |
Tendency to make optimistic predictions concerning how long a given task will take for completion |
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Assessment of past and future |
Past- ups and downs Future-More positive than past with goals and desired outcomes |
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Conterfactual Thinking |
Tendency to imagine other outcomes in a situation that the ones that actually occur "What might have been"- Affect sympathy versus perform better Up/Down=Invetiable outcomes easy to comes to term vs. unexpected harder to let go "How things might turn out differently if only"
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Magical Thinking |
Thinking involving assumptions that don't hold up to rational scrutiny- belief that things that resemble one another share fundamental properties - law of similarity- voo doo doll- easy to think it works like that |
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Terror management |
To come to terms with uncertainty of our own death and its unsettling implications |
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Mood Congruence Effect |
We are more likely to store or remember pos info when in positive mood and negative info in negative mood What we attend to and filter what we store in our memory |
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Mood Dependent Memory |
We remember while in a given mood may be determined by what we learned when previously in that mood - retrieval |
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Feeling influencing thought |
1. Mood congruence Effect 2. Mood dependent memory 3. Happiness more creativity 4. Depression triad- Depression from negative belief about self, world, and future |
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Affective Forecast |
Predictions about how we would feel about events we have not actually experienced |
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Two Fact Theory of Emotion |
Schachter- internal physiological reaction -> cognitive appraisal (labeling) - >emotional awareness (buuterflies=> fear) |
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CBT and DBT |
Cognitive behavioral therapy- Change unhelpful thinking and behaviors Dialectical Behavior therapy- except uncomfortable thoughts |
