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33 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Prisons |
State or federal correctional institutions for incarceration of felony offenders for terms of one year or more jails |
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Jails |
Places to detain people awaiting trial, to serve as a lockup for drugs and disorderly individuals, and to confine convicted misdemeanants serving sentences of less than one year |
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Penitentiary house |
Term used for early prison, so name because inmates were supposed to feel penitence for their sins |
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Congregate system |
Prison system first used in New York that allowed inmates to engage in group activities such as work, meals, and recreation |
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Pennsylvania system |
The correctional model used in Pennsylvania that isolated inmates from one another to prevent them from planning escapes, to make them easy to manage, and to give them time to experience penitence |
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Contract system |
The practice of correctional officials selling the labor of inmates to private businesses |
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Convict lease system |
The practice of leasing inmates to a business for a fixed annual |
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Medical model |
A correctional philosophy, grounded on the belief that inmates are sick people who need treatment rather than punishment to help them reform |
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Penal harm |
A philosophy based on the belief that harsh treatment while serving a correctional sentence will convince offenders that crime does not pay, thereby lowering the chance of recidivism |
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Purposes of jails |
Detain accused offenders, who cannot make or not eligible for bail prior to trial Hold convicted, offenders were awaiting sentence Serve as the principal institution of secure, confinement for offenders convicted of misdemeanors Hold probationer and parolees, picked up for violations and waiting for a hearing House felons when state prisons are overcrowded |
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Jail populations, and trend |
The number of people being held in America is more than 3200 jails began to decline in 2009 and there were about 728,000 jail inmates by 2015 The jail incarceration rate the combined population per 100,000 US residence and now about 234 per 100,000 down from a 2007 high of 259 jail inmates per 100,000 residents |
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Jail conditions |
Usually a low priority item in the criminal justice system Often administered on a county level jail services have not been sufficiently regulated nor has a unified national policy been developed to mandate what constitutes adequate jail conditions |
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Suicide |
The percentage of jail inmates, who take their own lives as higher than that of the general Dramatic decrease in the rate of suicide and county jails during the past The suicide rate was calculated to 38 per 100,000 inmates but about a 70% decreased from the 107 suicides per 100,000 inmates 20 years ago |
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New generation jails |
New generation jails allow for continuous observation of residence Two types, direct supervision, and indirect supervision jails |
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Direct, supervision, jails |
Contain a cluster of cells surrounding a living area or pod which has tables, chairs, televisions, and other material Safer environment for both staff and inmates Correctional officer is within the pod, and can observe the inmates continuously, and is able to relate to them on a personal level |
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Indirect, supervision, jail |
Similar in construction to direct supervision, but the correctional officer station is located inside a secure room Microphones and speakers inside the living unit, permit the officer to hear, and communicate with inmates |
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Prison types |
Maximum security prisons Super maximum security prisons Medium security prisons Minimum security prisons |
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Maximum security prison |
Correctional. Institutions that has dangerous felons and maintain strict security measures high walls and limited contact with the outside world. |
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Super maximum security prison |
The newest form of maximum security prisons that use high-level security measures to incapacitate the nations most dangerous criminals. Most inmates are on lockdown 23 hours a day. |
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Medium security prison |
Less secure institutions that has nonviolent offenders, and provide more opportunities for contact with the outside world |
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Minimum security prison |
The lease secure institutions which has white collar and nonviolent offenders, maintain few security measures and have liberal furlough and investigation policies |
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Inmate population trends |
More than 2000 publican private institutions now contain nearly 1.6 million impact in the state and fed After decades of sharp increases imprisonment rate peaked in 2009 it has declined In 2015 the imprisonment rate for the United States residents of all ages was 471 sentenced prisoners per 100,000 |
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Profiled the prison inmate |
Race Age and gender Offense social problems |
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PPI race |
African-Americans make up the largest portion of male inmates compared to white and Hispanics. The black imprisonment rate is 2228 per 100,000 US residence over 18 compared to 1084 per 100,000 for Hispanics and 319 per 100,000 for whites. |
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PPI age and gender |
As of 2015, there were about 104,000 female inmates or 7% of the total About 12% were under 24 years of age and another 17% were aged around 30 to 34 and 2% are aged 65 and above |
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PPI offense |
About half of all inmates and state prisons are serving sentences for violent offenses and about 20% for property offense Murder is the most common violent offense, amongst state prisoners, followed by robbery and rape or sexual assault Higher percentage of males, 54% are in prison for violent offenses than females 36% |
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PPI social problems |
Many inmates suffer from multiple social problems. They are under educated under employed income from abusive homes. A significant number experienced homelessness and other related social problems, including mental illness, substance abuse, and unemployment just before their incarceration |
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Prison farms and canps |
Used to detain Found primarily in the south end of the west and have been an operation since the 19th century More than 100 exist in the nation Produce dairy products, grain and vegetable crops that are using the state correctional system, and other government facilities, such as hospitals and schools |
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Boot camp |
A short term meristic correctional facility in which inmates undergo intensive physical conditioning and discipline |
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Halfway houses |
Community based correctional facilities at house inmates before their outright release so that they can become graduated acclimated to conventional society |
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Private prisons |
The CCA houses nearly 70,000 inmates and more than 70 facilities, the majority of which our company owned with a total capacity of more than 80 Partners with all three federal correction agencies, 16 states more than a dozen local municipalities, and Puerto Rico and the US Virgin Islands |
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Do private prison work |
There is a little difference between private prisons and public prisons |
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Suing private prison |
Some private service providers have been sued because their services were in adequate causing harm to inmates Minneci vs pollard Inmate can’t sue based on constitutional principles |
