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21 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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1. The mitral and tricuspid valves prevent backflow of blood from which of the following?
a. Ventricles to atria when the ventricles contract b. Atria to ventricles when the ventricles relax c. Ventricles to atria when the atria contract d. Atria to ventricles when the atria contract |
a. Mitral and tricuspid valves prevent backflow into the atria when the ventricles contract.
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2. Which of the following describes the purpose of the endocardium of the heart?
a. Covers the heart muscle and prevents friction. b. Supports the coronary blood vessels. c. Lines the chambers of the heart and prevents abnormal clotting. d. Prevents backflow of blood from atria to ventricles. |
c. Endocardium prevents abnormal clotting.
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3. Which of the following is the function of the coronary arteries?
a. Prevent abnormal clotting within the heart. b. Bring oxygenated blood to the myocardium. c. Carry deoxygenated blood to the lungs. d. Carry oxygenated blood to the lungs. |
b. Coronary arteries bring oxygenated blood to the myocardium.
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4. Where in the nervous system is the cardiac center found?
a. Cerebrum b. Hypothalamus c. Spinal cord d. Medulla |
d. The medulla is the location of the cardiac centers.
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5. Angiotensin II increases which of the following?
a. Vasodilation and ADH secretion b. Vasoconstriction and aldosterone secretion c. Heart rate and vasodilation d. Heart rate and ADH secretion |
b. Angiotensin II causes vasoconstriction and increases aldosterone secretion.
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6. The increase of resting blood pressure with age may contribute to which of the following?
a. Dysrhythmias b. Thrombus formation c. Left- sided heart failure d. Peripheral edema |
c. Increased peripheral vascular resistance increases the workload of the left ventricle and so can contribute to development of left-sided heart failure.
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7. Which of the following is a modifiable cardiovascular risk factor that should be noted during patient data collection?
a. Age b. Gender c. Ethnic origin d. Tobacco use |
d. Tobacco use can be modified through smoking cessation.
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8. If it takes longer than 3 seconds for the color to return when assessing capillary refill, which of the following may be indicated?
a. Decreased arterial flow to the extremity b. Increased arterial flow to the extremity c. Decreased venous flow from the extremity d. Increased venous flow from the extremity |
a. Decreased arterial flow to the extremity is reflected in a slower capillary refill.
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9. Which of the following is an important safety intervention that should be used while assessing a patient for orthostatic hypotension?
a. Reality orientation b. Gait or walking belt c. Liquids at bedside d. Standing patient quickly |
b. A gait or walking belt should be used for patients who risk falling, which someone with orthostatic hypotension could be.
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10. In which area should the nurse assess a patient who is on bedrest for the presence of edema?
a. Arms b. Ankles c. Sternum d. Sacrum |
d. On bedrest, edema will be found in dependent areas such as the sacrum.
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11. Which of the following should be included in patient teaching for a coronary angiography with femoral catheter insertion site? Select all that apply.
a. Dye injection causes hot, flushing sensation. b. General anesthesia is administered. c. Claustrophobia may be experienced. d. Ambulation is not possible immediately after procedure. e. Allergies are assessed prior to testing. f. Firm pressure must be applied to the insertion site. |
a, d, e, f. Patient education: Types of allergies are asked because a dye is used that causes a flushing sensation; firm pressure is applied afterward to prevent bleeding and, therefore, ambulation and flexion are not allowed either for several hours.
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12. A high-fiber diet for cardiac patients is recommended for which of the following purposes?
a. Increase absorption of nutrients. b. Reduce cardiac workload. c. Reduce edema development. d. Reduce appetite. |
b. Fiber helps prevent constipation and straining during bowel movements, which reduces cardiac workload.
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13. A patient is scheduled for vascular surgery. The patient is taking digoxin (Lanoxin), furosemide (Lasix), potassium, warfarin (Coumadin), and famotidine (Pepcid). Which medication may be stopped by the physician several days before surgery?
a. Digoxin (Lanoxin) b. Furosemide (Lasix) c. Warfarin (Coumadin) d. Famotidine (Pepcid) |
c. Warfarin (Coumadin) affects clotting and is usually stopped before surgery to prevent bleeding issues.
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Which Pericardial Membrane is the outer fibrous sac that covers the heart?
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Fibrous Pericardium
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Which Pericardial Membrane is the second or middle layer is a serous membrane that lines the fibrous layer?
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Parietal Pericardium
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Which Pericardial Membrane is the third or inner-most layer is a serous membrane on the surface of the heart muscle?
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Visceral Pericardium
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The pericardial cavity lies between the visceral pericardium and the parietal pericardium. This cavity is filled with _________ _______ which serves as a shock absorber by reducing friction between the pericardial membranes as the heart beats.
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Serous Fluid
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The first of the two major sounds (the “ lubb” of “ lubb-dupp”) is caused by what?
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the closure of the AV valves during ventricular systole
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The second of the two major sounds (the “ dupp” of “ lubb-dupp”) is caused by what?
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the closure of the aortic and pulmonary semilunar valves
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Where does the left ventricle pumps blood?
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through the aortic semilunar valve to the body by way of the aorta
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What prevents backflow of blood into the left ventricle during ventricular diastole?
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the aortic valve
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