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41 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Energy for living things comes from... |
food |
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Originally, the energy in food comes from the... |
the Sun |
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Organisms that use light energy from the sun to produce food are... |
Autotrophs |
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Organisms that CANNOT use the Sun's energy to make food are... |
Heterotrophs |
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Cell energy is needed for... |
active transport, making proteins, and nucleic acids, chemical signals |
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Cell usable source of energy is called... |
ATP |
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ATP stands for... |
Adenosine Trisphospate |
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ADP stands for... |
Adenosine Diphosphate |
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All energy is stored in the... |
bonds of compounds |
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Breaking the bond releases |
the energy |
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When the cell has energy available, it can store this energy by adding a... |
phosphate group, to ADP, producing ATP |
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ATP is converted into ADP by breaking the... |
bond between the second and third phosphate groups and releasing energy for cellular processes. |
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Photosynthesis is the process by which the energy of... |
sunlight is converted into the energy of glucose. |
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Formula for Photosynthesis |
H2O+CO2+light+ C6H12O6+O2 |
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What are the types of Photosynthesis? |
Light Reaction and Calvin Cycle |
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Light reaction forms... |
ATP and NADPH= contain chemical energy, but are unstable
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Calvin Cycle (dark reaction) uses... |
energy from ATP and NADPH to produce glucose.
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Photosynthesis occurs in the... |
chloroplasts of the plants |
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Light absorbing (and reflected) compounds are called... |
pigments |
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Most common photosynthetic compounds are... |
chlorophyll |
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Chlorophyll is the... |
pigment inside the chloroplasts the absorbs light for photosynthesis |
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Summary of Photosynthesis: |
Light Dependent Reaction- water is broken down and light energy is stored temporarily in inorganic energy carriers, like ATP and NADPH Calvin Cycle- energy is transferred from ATP and NADPH to the organic compound of glucose |
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Cellular Respiration is the process by which... |
the energy of glucose is released in the cell to be used for life processes
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Cells require a... |
constant source of energy for life processes but keep only a small amount of ATP on hand. |
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Cells can regenerate ATP as needed by using the... |
energy stored in food in glucose |
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The energy stored in glucose by photosynthesis is released by... |
cellular respiration and repackaged into the energy of ATP |
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Respiration occurs in all cells and can take place either... |
with or without oxygen present |
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Aerobic Respiration requires... |
oxygen |
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Aerobic Respiration occurs in the... |
mitochondria of the cell |
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Aerobic Respiration has a... |
total of 36 ATP molecules produced |
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Formula for Aerobic Respiration: |
C6H12O6 + O2 = CO2 + H2O + 36 ATP |
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Summary of Aerobic Respiration: |
1. Glycolysis- cytoplasm 2 ATP 2. Krebs Cycle - mitochondira ATP 3. Electorn Transport Chain- mitochondria 32 ATP |
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Anaerobic Respiration occurs when... |
no oxygen is available to the cell |
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What are the two types of Anaerobic Respiration? |
Lactic acid and Alcoholic |
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Anaerobic Respiration is also called... |
fermentation |
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Alcoholic Fermentation occurs in... |
bacteria and yeast |
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Yeast produces... |
carbon dioxide gas |
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Formula for Alcoholic Fermentation: |
glucose= ethyl alcohol + carbon dioxide + 2 ATP |
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Lactic Acid Fermentation occurs in... |
muscle cells |
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Lactic acid is produced in the muscles during rapid... |
exercise when the body cannot supply enough oxygen to the tissues, it also causes burning sensation in muscle |
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First step in anaerobic respiration is... |
glycolysis |
