Catholic Social Teaching

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compassion

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word from the Hebrew plural of the word wwomb; people who understand both in their mind and heart others' experience of suffering

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enlightened self-interest

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the realization that by helping others we are really helping ourselves in the end

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individualism

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someone who believes that each person should take responsibility for his or own life, and that when people fail to take responsibility for themselves, others should not be expected to help them

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hope

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to believe in the possibilty that what one wants can actually happen

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human dignity

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the basic goodness of human beings that comes from always being loved by God

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free will

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the ability to choose what to do

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original sin

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Adam and Eve's rejection of their humanity as created in God's image which became a basic tendency of human nature that all people inherit

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personal sin

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selfishly betraying the loving relationships meant to have with God, with others, and the Earth; these wrongful actions or omission that humans choose

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justice

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the establishment of loving relationships among human beings, God, and creation so life can flourish in the way God intends

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grace

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the transforming love of God

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enlightenment

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the up-and-coming social, political, and philosophoial movement asserted that reason and science are the basis for knowing truth.

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Industrial Revolution

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The shift from a farming and craft economy to an economy based on factory production

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Capitalism

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This new economic system in which a few owned the means of production for their own profit, and workers sold their labor to the owner for whatever wage they could get

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Socialism

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Advocated distributing wealth according to need, not ownership of capital and profits

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Karl Marx

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The German philosopher whose works include The Communist Manifesto(1848) and Capital(1867)`

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Communism

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An ideal, equitable society in which government and laws would be unnecessary

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Frederic Ozanam

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Started the Saint Vincent de Paul Society, a world wide charitable organization for the poor

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Cardinal James Gibbons

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He was part of the U.S. hierarchy of Baltimore

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Natural Law

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The God-Given need for creation, including human beings, to follow what God intended it to be

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Marginalized

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Forced outside the main group

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subsidiarity

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concept that says that governments and large organizations exist only to serve the good of human beings, families, and communities, which are the center and purpose of social structures

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worldview

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the basic beliefs that guide the way someone relates to the world

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solidarity

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a constant commitment to the common good, based on the belief that "we are all really responsible for all"

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social structures

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the patterns of relationships that shape any society

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Dorothy Day

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a journalist and social activist who had frequently run in communist and socialist circles prior to her conversion to Catholicism four years earlier

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Pope Leo XIII

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issued the encyclical Rerum Novarum-first document that was a response to the social situation brought about by various forces

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chronic hunger

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when poor people never have enough food to give the body the nutrients needed to grow and maintain itself properly

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literally homeless

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those who are without shelter

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hidden homelessness

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people whose poverty prevents them from living in true homes. These include: those whose housing costs consume too much of their income, those who live in inadequate housing, those who live in others' housing, and those who live in unsafe homes.

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starvation

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when the body does not receive enough calories to maintain itself

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malnutrition

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someone who gets enough calories to prevent his or her body from feeding on itself, but the diet is extremely limited, therefore the preventing that person from receiving all the vitamins and minerals needed for proper physical and mental development and maintenance

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refugees

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people who are displaced from their homes by wars or political persecution

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poverty

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not only those without money but those who are deprived of their basic rights or of equal participation in society

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Circle of Faith-In-Action:
Awareness

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seeing, hearing, and knowing the world in a spirit of friendship just as God does, then better able to recognize the ways it can be made a better place to live

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Circle of Faith-In-Action:
Analysis

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Asking why, finding answers

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Circle of Faith-In-Action:
Action

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acting for justice in ways that make life better for everyone

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culture

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all of the shared values, beliefs, and ways of relating and living together that characterize a particular group of people

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respect

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look beyond outer appearances and first impressions to see the goodness that is the foundation of all God's creation

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interdependent

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all creation depends on one another

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power

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the God-given ability everyone has to affect their own lives, the lives of others, and the world around them in either positive or negative ways

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power-over

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those who acquire power believe they 'own' it and have 'earned' the right to use it for any purpose, even at the expense of others

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power-with

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everyone has God-given power and it is meant to be shared in relationship with others

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civil disobedience

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intentionally breaking laws that are unjust

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retributive justice

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an approach to criminal justice where the emphasis is on hurting the offender

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euthanasia

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the intentional killing of someone whose life is deemed to be no longer worth living

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consistent life ethic

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protecting the life and dignity of any person or group require that we protect the life and dignity of all people

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pascal life mystery

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accepting suffering in love so that others might live more fully, then, paradoxically, we become more fully alive

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restorative justice

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focuses on restorying the good that has been harmed by criminal activity for the victims, the community, and the offender too

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informed consent

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laws that require abortion clinics to tell clients about what abortion involves

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reconciliation

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the mending of broken relationships

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violence

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any human action that causes harm to the life or dignity of another person

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conflict

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disagreements between people or groups that have opposing needs, goals, or beliefs

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institutional violence

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the sort of violence that occurs as a result of unjust social structures rather than as a direct result of one person's actions

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spiral of violence

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1. Basic injustice:when people resolve conflict by seeking their own interests at the expense of the good of others, causing injustice, and institutional violence
2. Violent response
3. Violent counterresponse
4. Escalating violence:each side uses more violence to try and defeat the other
5. More injustice:when one wins, then injustice is brought on the people and more frustration comes about elliciting a violent response, etc

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militarism

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the reliance on military power to resolve conflict and provide security

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deterrence

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the potential of one country to inflict significant harm on its adversaries will deter, or discourage, those adversaries attacking it first

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arms race

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the competition between rivals to have the biggest and best military force

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nuclear proliferation

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the spread of nuclear weapons which increases the danger that they will fall into the hands of people willing to use them

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pacifism

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opposition to the use of violence to resolve conflict

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peace

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peacemakers confront and nonviolently oppose those committing violence, and call for the rest of society to do the same

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diplomacy

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the way nations resolve disputes through talks and negotiations with one another

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demilitarization

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reducing the reliance on military force to ensure peace

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proportionality

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principle of reciprocity

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