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38 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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These folds are the most numerous in the distal duodenum and beiginning of the jejunum and decrease in size and frequency in the middle of the ileum
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Plicae Circularis
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Fingerlike leaf projections of the mucosa that completely cover the SI
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Villi
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Villi have a core of ___ ____ tissue which is covered by (what type) epithelium
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Loose connective tissue, simple columnar
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Central, blind ending lymphatic capillary is called
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The Lacteal
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These open onto the luminal surface of the intestine at the base of the villi
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Crypts of Lieberkuhhn
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Crypts of Lieberkuhn are composed of what type of epithelium
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Simple columnar
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Nodules of lymphatic tissue on the lamina propria are called what
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Peyers patches or aggregated nodules
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Cell type: Primary function is absorption
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Enterocytes
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Cell type: Unicellular, mucin secreting
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Goblet cells
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Cells whose primary function is to secrete antimicrobial substance
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Paneth Cells
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The cells produce paracrine and endocrine hormones
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Enteroendocrine cells
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Cells that cover enlarged lymphatic nodules
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M (microfold) cells
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What cell type is enterocytes
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Columnar
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Contraction of the terminal web causes the microvilli to
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spread apart and increase the space between them
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When componenets that pass into the more permeable tight jnctns of the duod and jeju are hypotonic that pull water with them. This is known as what
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Solvent drag
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Where do substances too large to enter blood vessels enter instead
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The lymphatic lacteal
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During active absorption of solutes, water and lipids, these seperate, enlarging the intracell. compartment
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Lateral plications
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Aside from being absorptive, do enterocytes also secrete things like water, ions and enzymes?
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Yes
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Goblet cells increase/decrease in number from the duodenum to the terminal ileum
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INCREASE
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These cells secrete lysozyme, alpha defensins, zinc and other glycoproteins
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Paneth Cells
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These cells secrete CCK secretin GIP and motilin
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Enteroendocrine
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These two hormones increase pancreatic and gall bladder activity while inhibing gastric secretory fnctn and motility (2
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CCK and secretin
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GIP stimulates ____ release
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Insulin
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This hormone initiates gastric motility
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Motilin
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2 hormones secreted by enteroendocrine cells that act as paracrine hormones
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Serotonin and Histamine
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These cells secrete CCK secretin GIP and motilin
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Enteroendocrine
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These two hormones increase pancreatic and gall bladder activity while inhibing gastric secretory fnctn and motility (2
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CCK and secretin
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GIP stimulates ____ release
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Insulin
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This hormone initiates gastric motility
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Motilin
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2 hormones secreted by enteroendocrine cells that act as paracrine hormones
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Somatostatin and Histamine
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These cells take up mircroorganisms and macromolecules from the lumen
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M cells
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These cells have characteristics of both immature absorptive cells and goblet cells
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Intermediate cells
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This serves as an imunologic barrier throughtout the length of the GI tract and is prominent in the lamina propria of the SI
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GALT - secrete IgA
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Zymogen and mucus secreting cells compose these glands found the duodenum
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Brunner's Glands - protect the duodenum from acidic environment - makes it more alkaline
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Muscularis externa: Inner layer of cells is _____ outer layer of cells are ____
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Circular, Longitudinal
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Where is the zone of cell replication (where stem cells are located in intestinal epithelium.)
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At the lower one half of the intestinal gland
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T or F all intestinal cells come from multiple stem cell populations
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F, only one
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T or F Paneth cells migrate after dividing
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F, they are the only ones that remain in the base
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