Byu Stats 121 Final

Front 1

A statement about the value of a parameter that is either less than, greater than, or not equal to, a hypothesized number or another parameter; the hypothesis that the researcher usually wants to prove or verify

Back 1

Alternative Hypothesis

Front 2

A procedure used to test equality of three or more means

Back 2

Analysis of Variance (ANOVA)

Front 3

The distribution of x-bar values obtained from repeatedly taking simple random samples of the same size from the same population (An x-bar is computed from each sample)

Back 3

Approximate sampling distribution

Front 4

A test for comparing the means of two independent samples or two treatments where the test statistic has an approximate t distribution. This is the preferred two sample t test, but it requires statistical software

Back 4

Approximate t test

Front 5

For quantitative data, large values of one variable tend to occur with large (or small) values of another variable. For categorical data, certain responses for one variable tend to occur with certain responses of the other variable

Back 5

Association

Front 6

We can only argue causation from association if the results having significant association are from an experiment

Back 6

Association vs. causation

Front 7

A graphical representation of categorical data. Names of each category are listed on the x axis and a bar that has height representing the frequency (or %) in that category is placed over each category name

Back 7

Bar Graph

Front 8

A condition that occurs when the design of a study systematically favors certain outcomes

Back 8

Bias (sampling)

Front 9

Two measurements are made on each unit

Back 9

Bivariate data

Front 10

a group of experimental units sharing some common characteristic. In a randomized complete block design, random allocation of treatments is carried out seperately within each group

Back 10

Block

Front 11

A plot of data that incorporates the maximum observation, the minimum observation, the first quartile, the second quartile (Median) and the third quartile

Back 11

Boxplot

Front 12

A variable that can be classified into groups or categories such as gender and religion

Back 12

Categorical variable

Front 13

changes in the explanatory variable directly affect the response variable. Experiments are needed to verify this word.

Back 13

causation

Front 14

The enumeration of every unit in a population

Back 14

census

Front 15

A summary number about which observations tend to cluster. Measures of center include the mean and the median

Back 15

center

Front 16

the middle line on a control chart. its value is the target value of the mean when the process is in control

Back 16

Center line

Front 17

the name of the theorem stating that the sampling distribution of a statistic (ex. x-bar) is approximately normal whenever the sample is large and random

Back 17

central limit theorem

Front 18

the theoretical distribution that models the test statistic for doing chi-square tests.

Back 18

chi-distribution

Front 19

a test statistic computed from data that has an approximate chi-square distribution

Back 19

chi-square test statistic

Front 20

the value of the parameter as given in the null hypothesis

Back 20

claimed parameter value

Front 21

a study that compares only active treatments to determine which works best

Back 21

comparison study