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25 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Offspring that result from corrses between true-breeding parents with different traits are called ____
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hybrids
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Mendel concluded that traits are _________
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inherited through the passing of factors from parents to offspring
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When Mendel crossed true-breeding tall plants with true-breedings short plants, all the offspring were tall because ___________
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the allele for tall plants is dominant
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In the P generation, a tall plant was crossed with a short plant. Short plants reappeared in the F2 generation because __________
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the allele for shortness and the allele for tallness segregated when teh F1 plants produced
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The principles of probability can be used to _____________
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predict the traits of the offspring produced by genetic crosses
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A Punnet square shows all of the following EXCEPT _____
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the actual results of a genetic cross
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How many different allele combinations would be found in the gametes produced by pea plants whose geneotype was RrYY?
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2
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A cross of a white hen with a black rooster produces erminette-color offspring. This type of inheritance is known as _______
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codominance
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Which of the following statements about Thomas Hunt Morgan is true?
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Morgan chose to use fruit flies in his study of genetics because fruit flies produce a large number of offspring
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If an organism's diploid number is 12, its haploid number is _________
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6
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Chromosomes from tetrads during _________
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prophase of meiosis I
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Unlike mitosis, meiosis results in the formation of _________
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four genetically different haploid cells
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If two genes are on the same chromosome and rarely assort independently ___________
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the genes are probably located close to each other
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The plants that Mendel crossed to produce the F1 generation made up the __________
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P generation
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A pea plants that has two different alleles for the same trait is said to be ___________
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heterozygous
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Pea plants that are TT, ______. or tt have diffferent genotypes
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Tt
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An organism's gametes have _________ the number of chromosomes found in the organism's body cell
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half
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The process shown in Figure 11-1 may occur during the stage of meiosis called _______
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cross-over
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How many recessice alleles for a trait must an organism inherit in order to show that trait?
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7
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What is the phenotype ratio of the offpring in the Punnet Square shown in Figure 11-3?
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9:3:3:1
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Contrast the cells produced bu mitosis with those produced by meiosis.
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The cells produced by meiosis contain pairs of homologous chromosomes; the cells in mitosis do not contain these.
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Explain why short plants reappeared in Mendel's F2 generation of pea plants
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because they were reccesive in the F1 generation and they became dominant in the F2 generation
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You wish to determine whether a tall pea plant is homozygous or heterozygous for tallness. What cross should you perform to arrive at your answer? Explain.
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A test cross is always done with a homozygous recessive individual, because you are certain of their genotype.
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Explain the difference between incomplete dominance and codominance
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In incomplete dominance, the phenotype resembles a sort of blending of the two alleles. Codominance is when both alleles are expressed separately.
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The stages of meiosis are classified into two divisions: meiosis I and meiosis I. Compare and contrast these two divisions
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difference: Meiosis I follows a round of DNA replication, meiosis II does not.
similarity: Pairs of homologous chromosomes line up in the metaphase plate in meiosis I, sister chromatids line up on the metaphase plate in meiosis II |
