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114 Cards in this Set
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- Back
- 3rd side (hint)
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Cell |
Is the basic unit of life |
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Prokaryotic cell |
Cells with no membranes bound structures inside the cell. |
Bacteria |
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Eukaryotic |
Cells that do have a membranes bound structures inside the cell |
Plants, animals etc. |
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Cell membrane |
Is the dictator of the cell. It determines what goes into or out of the cell. |
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Cytoplasm |
Is a gelatin like material that fills the cell. |
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Organelles |
Specialized parts that move around the cell and perform functions that are necessary for life. |
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Nucleus |
Is a membrane that contains the cell's hereditary information and controls the cell's growth and reproduction. |
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What are Chromosomes made up of? |
DNA |
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DNA |
Determines the characteristics and traits of the organism. |
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Vacuoles |
Are the storage containers of the cell. They may store waste until eliminated or food. |
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In plant cells what do the vacuoles hold? |
Water |
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Mitochondria |
Produces energy for the cell. |
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Through what process is energy created in a cell? |
Respiration |
Mitochondria |
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What is the process of respiration? |
A series of chemical reactions that combine food and oxygen to create energy and a waste by product, carbon dioxide. |
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In plants what does the cell wall provide? |
Gives the cell a firmer shape and support. |
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What is the plant cell wall made of? |
Cellulose |
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Chloroplasts found in plant cells provides what function? |
Contains chlorophyll, which is uses the process of photosynthesis to make food for the plant cell. |
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What color is chloroplasts? |
Green |
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Photosynthesis |
Chloroplasts interacts with light energy, combining carbon dioxide from the air with water to make food. |
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DNA molecule contains |
A sugar component, a phosphate component, and four different bases. |
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What are the four bases found in DNA? |
Adenine (A), thymine (T), cytosine (C), and guanine (G). |
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How do the 4 bases in DNA pair? |
Adenine always with thymine. Cytosine always with guanine. |
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What does a DNA molecule look like? |
Two long strands that form a double helix. It spirals around like a twisted ladder. |
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DNA can be found where? |
In chromosomes located in the nucleus of a cell |
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Genes |
Are instructions for the appearance and function of a new organism. |
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What are the two types of cell divisions? |
Mitosis and meiosis |
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Mitosis |
Is the cell division that replaces old or worn-out cells. |
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Meiosis |
Is the cell division for sexual reproduction. |
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What is the number of cells formed and the number of chromosomes in each new cell in mitosis? |
There are two cells formed and in each new cell there are 46 chromosomes. |
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What is the number of cells formed and the number of chromosomes in each new cell in meiosis? |
The number of cells formed are 4 and the number of chromosomes in each new cell is 23. |
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How many chromosomes are in an egg? |
23 |
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How many chromosomes are in sperm? |
23 |
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When an egg and sperm join up how many chromosomes are there? |
46 |
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What are the two different ways organisms reproduce? |
Sexual reproduction between a sperm and egg or asexual reproduction. |
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Viruses |
Is basically a piece of hereditary material surrounded by protein coating. |
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What do viruses need? |
A host cell in order to reproduce and function. |
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Viruses can not.... |
Generate or store energy, but take theirs energy from the host cell. |
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Producers |
Use outside energy source, such as sunlight to produce energy. |
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Consumers |
Cannot make their own energy; to live, they need to eat other organisms. |
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Botany |
The study of plants |
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Vascular plants |
Transport water from the roots to the steps and to the leaves by means of tube like structures. |
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Nonvascular |
Plants absorb water through their surface. |
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What are two ways plants reproduce? |
Seeds or spores. |
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Angiosperms |
Produces a flower |
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Gymnosperms |
Don't produce a flower |
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Annuals plants |
Go through their entire life cycle in one growing season. |
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Biennials plants |
Have a two year growing cycle. |
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Perennials plants |
Live for many years. |
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Deciduous plants |
Loses their leaves in the winter |
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Evergreen plants |
Keep their leaves or needles throughout the year. |
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Fruit is.. |
a ripened ovary or group of ovaries containing seeds. |
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Vegetable is.. |
Any edible part of a plant that isn't a flower. |
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Vertebrates are.. |
Animals that's have a back bone. |
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Invertebrates are.. |
Animals that do not have a backbone |
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Herbivores |
Animals that primarily eat plants |
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Carnivores |
Animals that feed mostly on meat. |
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Omnivores |
Eat both plants and meat |
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Canine teeth |
Teeth that are Sharp |
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Molars |
Teeth with a flattened surface for grinding. |
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Cold-blooded |
Animals who's body temperature follows or matches the external temperature around it |
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Warm blooded |
Animals that can control their body temperature. |
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Biosphere |
All the places in earth where life can exist. |
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Ecosystem |
Collection of all living creatures and non living features or condition in a particular environment. |
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Ecology |
The study of ecosystems. The interactions between and among theses living creatures and non living features. |
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Biodiversity |
Is the variety of life forms that exist. |
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Habitat |
A geographic area with conditions that support the continued reproduction of the species. |
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Global warming |
Resulting from sending carbon dioxide into the atmosphere can raise temperatures and affect biodiversity. |
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Physiology |
Deals with the parts of the body, their function,and the various bodily processes. |
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Tissues |
Is made up of a group of cells |
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Organs |
Various tissues that work together |
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Organ systems |
Organs working together |
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Muscular system |
Allows movement and locomotion |
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Skeletal muscles |
Help move the bones |
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Cardiac muscle |
Is found in the heart |
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Smooth muscles |
Muscles that are found in some of your internal organs, such as your intestines and bladder. |
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Skeletal system |
Is a living system that provides shape and support to your body |
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Joints |
Places where your bones come together |
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Ligaments |
Bands of tissue that holds joints together |
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Ball and socket joint |
Like the shoulder and hip |
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Pivot joints |
Like the elbow |
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Hinge joints |
Like the knee |
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Integumentary system |
Skin or integument is your outermost protective layer |
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Melanin |
Gives the skin color |
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Respiratory system |
Takes in oxygen and moves out waste material of carbon dioxide |
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Diaphragm |
A muscle that moves up and down which allows air to enter our lungs |
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Digestive system |
Is accomplished by mechanical and chemical means breaking food into particles small enough to pass into the bloodstream |
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Small intestine |
Where absorption of food takes place |
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Circulatory system |
The main job is to move oxygen carbon dioxide, nutrients, waste products, immune components and, hormones through your body. |
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The main components of the circulatory system |
Heart, arteries, capillaries, and veins |
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Heart |
Is a strong muscle that operates as an engine of the circulatory system |
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Blood contains |
Red blood cells and white blood |
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Red blood cells |
Are shaped like disk and contain hemoglobin which carries oxygen and carbon dioxide |
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White blood cells |
Fight bacteria, viruses, and other Intruders in the body. |
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Platelets |
Are carried along with the red and white blood cells, plug holes in small blood vessels to stop bleeding, they help clot blood. |
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Lymphatic system |
Is composed of lymph vessels lymph nodes in certain organs the system absorbs excessive fluid from the body and returns to the bloodstream |
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Immune system |
Defends our bodies from invading microorganisms of viruses called pathogens as well as cancerous cell growth |
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Excretory system |
Removes waste |
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Nervous system |
Coordinates and Control such actions as memory, learning, and conscious thoughts. |
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The nervous system |
Also maintains such functions as heartbeat, breathing, and Control involuntary muscle actions. |
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Brain |
Is the largest organ in the nervous system is sort of a control center, as it sends and receives messages through a network or nerves. |
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3 major part of the brain |
The cerebrum, the cerebellum, and the brain stem. |
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Cerebrum |
Is the largest part of the brain; it takes care of our thinking processes. |
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Cerebellum |
Is the second largest part of the brain. Its job is to coordinate are muscle movements and maintaining normal muscle tone and posture. |
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Brain stem |
Is the closest to the spinal cord |
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Spinal cord |
Is a thick bundle of nerves running down the center of the spine |
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Endocrine system |
Secretes hormones that regulate body metabolism growth and reproduction |
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Reproductive system |
The purpose is to continue the species for another generation |
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Hearing |
Sound is vibrating air vibrating air creates sound waves |
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Smell |
Substances such as food perfume and gases give off molecules into the air these molecules stimulate some nerve cells in your nose |
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Taste |
There are about 10,000 taste buds on your tongue |
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Protein |
Is used by the body for replacement and repair of body cells and for growth |
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Carbohydrates |
Are a good source of energy for your body |
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Fat |
Provide energy and help to absorb vitamins and contain twice as much energy as carbohydrates |
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Minerals |
Can regulate the chemical reactions in your body |
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