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20 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Who is Karl Landsteiner?
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In 1900 he discovered that there were at least four different kinds of human blood based on the presence or absence of specific cel surface markers called antigens
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define: antibodies
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are the proteins the body makes to fight off foreign invasion
• antibodies build up in the blood plasma shortly after birth • The antibody levels peak at about 8 to 10 years of age and the antibodies remain present in declining amounts throughout the rest of life |
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Type A
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Only A antigens present
Can Donate to: A, AB Can Receive: A, O |
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Type B
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Only B antigens present
Can Donate to: B, AB Can Receive: B, O |
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Type AB
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Both A and B antigens present
• Universal Recipient • Lack the anti-A and anti-B antibodies • cannot agglutinate donor's RBCs Can Donate to: AB Can Receive: A, B, AB, O |
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Type O
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Neither A or B antigens present
• inherited O gene from each parent • Universal donor • Recipient's antibodies cannot agglutinate with donors RBCs Can Donate to: A, B, AB, O Can Receive: O |
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packed cells
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consists of erythrocytes only - the plasma is removed therefor antibodies are not being donated
• the simplest type of donation |
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define: agglutination
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"clumping"
• bind transfused erythrocytes together |
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define: hemolyze
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erythrocytes may begin to rupture
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Rh-
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only people that produce the D antibodies are Rh-negative people
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RhoGam
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reacts with anti-Rh (D) antibodies inactivated them
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What is the most common blood type?
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O+
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What is the least common blood type?
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AB-
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What does antisera contain?
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high concentrations of antibodies
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define: murmurs
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abnormal heart sounds
this may occur if one of the valves is too narrow or not closing properly |
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myocardial infarction
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(AMI or MI) more commonly known as a heart attack
• a medical condition that occurs when the blood supply to a part of the heart is interrupted, most commonly due to rupture of a vulnerable plaque |
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Stroke
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cerebrovascular accident (CVA)
• is the clinical designation for a rapidly developing loss of brain function due to a disturbance in the blood vessels supplying blood to the brain. • this can be due to ischemia (lack of blood supply) caused by thrombosis or embolism, or due to a hemorrhage. |
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Ischemia stroke
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caused by a blood clot that blocks or plugs a blood vessel in the brain
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hemorrhagic stroke
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caused by a blood vessel that breaks and bleeds into the brain
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transient ischemic attacks
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(TIAs) or "mini strokes"
occur when the blood supply to the brain is briefly interrupted |
